全文获取类型
收费全文 | 20960篇 |
免费 | 792篇 |
国内免费 | 354篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 13818篇 |
晶体学 | 120篇 |
力学 | 582篇 |
综合类 | 30篇 |
数学 | 2893篇 |
物理学 | 4663篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 129篇 |
2022年 | 268篇 |
2021年 | 459篇 |
2020年 | 373篇 |
2019年 | 372篇 |
2018年 | 293篇 |
2017年 | 236篇 |
2016年 | 604篇 |
2015年 | 568篇 |
2014年 | 623篇 |
2013年 | 1170篇 |
2012年 | 1142篇 |
2011年 | 1285篇 |
2010年 | 845篇 |
2009年 | 757篇 |
2008年 | 1110篇 |
2007年 | 1084篇 |
2006年 | 944篇 |
2005年 | 889篇 |
2004年 | 851篇 |
2003年 | 806篇 |
2002年 | 813篇 |
2001年 | 493篇 |
2000年 | 454篇 |
1999年 | 356篇 |
1998年 | 253篇 |
1997年 | 246篇 |
1996年 | 262篇 |
1995年 | 269篇 |
1994年 | 255篇 |
1993年 | 191篇 |
1992年 | 172篇 |
1991年 | 182篇 |
1990年 | 204篇 |
1989年 | 169篇 |
1988年 | 143篇 |
1987年 | 143篇 |
1986年 | 136篇 |
1985年 | 240篇 |
1984年 | 256篇 |
1983年 | 179篇 |
1982年 | 197篇 |
1981年 | 168篇 |
1980年 | 165篇 |
1979年 | 149篇 |
1978年 | 124篇 |
1977年 | 176篇 |
1976年 | 149篇 |
1975年 | 125篇 |
1973年 | 119篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
141.
142.
Marialuigia Macchione Giovanni De Filpo Fiore P. Nicoletta Giuseppe Chidichimo 《Liquid crystals》2005,32(3):315-319
Control of light intensity and colour are two of the major features required in the realization of smart windows. We designed a bi-functional polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film in order to satisfy such requirements, i.e. it is able both to modulate the optical transmission, if an external electric field is applied, and to change colour if exposed to sunlight. A monomer/liquid crystal mixture was doped with a small amount of photochromic material and homeotropically aligned by means of rough surfaces. A transparent and pale pink coloured film was achieved after photopolymerization. Such a film changes colour upon exposure for some seconds to sunlight or ultraviolet radiation in a persistent but reversible manner. In addition, the film appears transparent without the application of an electric field (OFF state) and becomes opaque on application of a driving voltage of about 75 V (ON state), and thus the film operates in reverse mode with respect to conventional PDLCs. 相似文献
143.
Marco Caliari Marco Vianello Luca Bergamaschi 《Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics》2007,210(1-2):56-63
We implement a second-order exponential integrator for semidiscretized advection–diffusion–reaction equations, obtained by coupling exponential-like Euler and Midpoint integrators, and computing the relevant matrix exponentials by polynomial interpolation at Leja points. Numerical tests on 2D models discretized in space by finite differences or finite elements, show that the Leja–Euler–Midpoint (LEM) exponential integrator can be up to 5 times faster than a classical second-order implicit solver. 相似文献
144.
145.
146.
We classify smooth subvarieties of codimension twoX⊂P
n
, 4≤n≤5, which are arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay and of non general type. By the way we exhibit some classes of non extendable
subvarieties. Then we give new proofs of the classification of scrolls inP
4; finally we consider smooth surfaces of non general type inP
4 arising from rank three vector bundles.
Sunto Classifichiamo le sottovarietà lisce di codimensione dueX⊂P n , 4≤n≤5, aritmeticamente Cohen-Macaulay e non di tipo generale. Nel contempo descriviamo alcune classi di sottovarietà non estendibili. Diamo poi due nuove dimostrazioni della classificazione degli scrolls inP 4; infine consideriamo superfici lisce inP 4, non di tipo generale, associate a fibrati di rango tre.相似文献
147.
A q × n array with entries from 0, 1,…,q − 1 is said to form a difference matrix if the vector difference (modulo q) of each pair of columns consists of a permutation of [0, 1,… q − 1]; this definition is inverted from the more standard one to be found, e.g., in Colbourn and de Launey (1996). The following idea generalizes this notion: Given an appropriate δ (-[−1, 1]t, a λq × n array will be said to form a (t, q, λ, Δ) sign-balanced matrix if for each choice C1, C2,…, Ct of t columns and for each choice = (1,…,t) Δ of signs, the linear combination ∑j=1t jCj contains (mod q) each entry of [0, 1,…, q − 1] exactly λ times. We consider the following extremal problem in this paper: How large does the number k = k(n, t, q, λ, δ) of rows have to be so that for each choice of t columns and for each choice (1, …, t) of signs in δ, the linear combination ∑j=1t jCj contains each entry of [0, 1,…, q t- 1] at least λ times? We use probabilistic methods, in particular the Lovász local lemma and the Stein-Chen method of Poisson approximation to obtain general (logarithmic) upper bounds on the numbers k(n, t, q, λ, δ), and to provide Poisson approximations for the probability distribution of the number W of deficient sets of t columns, given a random array. It is proved, in addition, that arithmetic modulo q yields the smallest array - in a sense to be described. 相似文献
148.
A. Paesano Jr. S. C. Zanatta S. N. De Medeiros L. F. CÓtica J. B. M. Da Cunha 《Hyperfine Interactions》2005,161(1-4):211-220
We have investigated the mechanosynthesis of gadolinium and yttrium iron garnets by high-energy ball-milling of α-Fe2O3 and Gd2O3 or α-Fe2O3 and Y2O3, respectively, followed by short thermal annealings conducted at moderate temperatures. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy, in order to determine the influence of the milling time and annealing conditions on the final products. For as-milled samples of each rare-earth system, the results revealed the formation of perovskite phases, in relative amounts that depend on the milling time. The formation of garnet phases was observed in as-annealed samples treated at 1000°C for 2 h or 1100°C for 3 h, i.e., at very modest annealing requirements when compared with ordinary solid-state-reaction processes performed without previous high-energy milling. Also, the occurrence was verified of a milling time for which the relative amount of garnet phases formed by annealing was maximized. This time depends on the rare-earth composing the garnet phase and on the annealing temperature. 相似文献
149.
Long-Mei Zeng Xiong Fu Jing-Yu Su Florecita De Guzman J. Francis Schmitz M. Bilayet Hossain Dick van Der Helm 《中国化学》1991,9(2):136-143
Three pyrrololactam alkaloids have been isolated from the marine sponge Phacellia fusca Schmidt collected from the South China Sea, and their structures were determined as 1–3 , on the grounds of spectral data. This is the first report of these compounds from this sponge. The structure of 1 was confirmed by X-ray analysis. 相似文献
150.
N. M. Agababyan M. R. Atayan M. Charlet J. Czyżewski E. A. De Wolf K. Dziunikowska A. M. F. Endler Z. Sh. Garutchava H. R. Gulkanyan R. Sh. Hakobyan J. K. Karamyan D. Kisielewska W. Kittel S. S. Mehrabyan Z. V. Metreveli E. C. Oliveira K. Olkiewicz F. K. Rizatdinova E. K. Shabalina L. N. Smirnova M. D. Tabidze L. A. Tikhonova A. V. Tkabladze A. G. Tomaradze F. Verbeure S. A. Zotkin 《Zeitschrift fur Physik C Particles and Fields》1996,71(1):405-414
The NA22 data onπ ? π ? correlations are analyzed in terms of a number of two- and three-dimensional parametrizations (Gaussian space-time, Goldhaber, Bowler string-like, Bertsch hydrodynamical, Kopylov-Podgoretskii, etc.). Contrary to the results obtained for e+e? andµp collisions, the Goldhaber parametrization, as well as string-like models, fail in describing the hadron-hadron data. Better fits are obtained in the framework of surface-emitting fireball-like models, both when including and excluding hydrodynamical expansion of nuclear matter. Our results indicate that pion radiation occurs at earlier stages of matter evolution than in nuclear collisions. 相似文献