全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2248篇 |
免费 | 79篇 |
国内免费 | 16篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1578篇 |
晶体学 | 9篇 |
力学 | 58篇 |
数学 | 409篇 |
物理学 | 289篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 20篇 |
2022年 | 26篇 |
2021年 | 36篇 |
2020年 | 57篇 |
2019年 | 50篇 |
2018年 | 15篇 |
2017年 | 26篇 |
2016年 | 72篇 |
2015年 | 69篇 |
2014年 | 77篇 |
2013年 | 105篇 |
2012年 | 126篇 |
2011年 | 170篇 |
2010年 | 87篇 |
2009年 | 111篇 |
2008年 | 157篇 |
2007年 | 133篇 |
2006年 | 137篇 |
2005年 | 103篇 |
2004年 | 112篇 |
2003年 | 75篇 |
2002年 | 79篇 |
2001年 | 32篇 |
2000年 | 32篇 |
1999年 | 27篇 |
1998年 | 26篇 |
1997年 | 20篇 |
1996年 | 19篇 |
1995年 | 16篇 |
1994年 | 9篇 |
1993年 | 11篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 10篇 |
1987年 | 21篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 18篇 |
1983年 | 20篇 |
1982年 | 11篇 |
1981年 | 17篇 |
1980年 | 19篇 |
1979年 | 12篇 |
1978年 | 8篇 |
1977年 | 10篇 |
1974年 | 8篇 |
1973年 | 8篇 |
1972年 | 9篇 |
1964年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有2343条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Rodrigues Filipe Agra Agostinho Hvattum Lars Magnus Requejo Cristina 《Journal of Heuristics》2021,27(3):459-496
Journal of Heuristics - Proximity search is an iterative method to solve complex mathematical programming problems. At each iteration, the objective function of the problem at hand is replaced by... 相似文献
62.
The use of polymeric amines to enhance the mechanical properties of lignocellulosic fibrous networks
Cationic polyelectrolytes (polyallylamine and polyvinylamine with different molecular masses) were adsorbed onto lignocellulosic fibres from unbleached and unbeaten spruce chemical fibres with different kappa numbers to investigate the effects on the mechanical properties of the final paper materials. Adsorption isotherms were first established to determine the maximum quantity of polymer that could be adsorbed onto each type of fibre. Paper sheets were then made with different amounts of added polyelectrolyte, and the structural and mechanical properties of the sheets were investigated, as well as the effect of an extra heating. The use of fibres with different kappa numbers led to different responses in terms of adsorption, and thus to differences in the mechanical properties of the resulting sheets. The tensile strength index was significantly increased (almost 50 % improvement in the best case) as a consequence of this polyelectrolyte adsorption onto the fibres, even at as low an adsorption level as 2 mg/g. The heating of paper sheets for 10 min at 160 °C was also shown to improve the tensile strength index by about 10 % for pulps with high kappa number. 相似文献
63.
Lars Rummel Jan M. Schümann Prof. Dr. Peter R. Schreiner 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2021,27(55):13699-13702
We present a computational analysis of hexaphenylethane derivatives with heavier tetrels comprising the central bond. In stark contrast to parent hexaphenylethane, the heavier tetrel derivatives can readily be prepared. In order to determine the origin of their apparent thermodynamic stability against dissociation as compared to the carbon case, we employed local energy decomposition analysis (LED) and symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) at the DLPNO-CCSD(T)/def2-TZVP and sSAPT0/def2-TZVP levels of theory. We identified London dispersion (LD) interactions as the decisive factor for the molecular stability of heavier tetrel derivatives. This stability is made possible owing to the longer (than C−C) central bonds that move the phenyl groups out of the heavily repulsive regime so they can optimally benefit from LD interactions. 相似文献
64.
George Pitsevich Elena Shalamberidze Alex Malevich Valdas Sablinskas Vytautas Balevicius Lars G. M. Pettersson 《Molecular physics》2017,115(20):2605-2613
The frequencies and intensities of vibration–rotational transitions of water molecules in an argon matrix were calculated for temperatures of 6 and 30 K. The rigid asymmetric top approximation was used with available literature values of the effective rotational constants in the ground and excited vibrational states. The calculations were carried out by taking into account the existence of a non-equilibrium population distribution between the rotational levels of ortho- and para-water isomers. It was assumed that the temperature relaxation of the population of rotational levels is independent of the ortho- and para-isomers. Comparison of the results of the theoretical calculations with experimental literature data shows good agreement for the majority of the rotational structure lines for symmetric and antisymmetric stretching vibrations both in the frequency values and in the values of the relative intensities. 相似文献
65.
Falko Böttger‐Hiller Patrick Kempe Dr. Gerhard Cox Dr. Alexander Panchenko Dr. Nicole Janssen Dr. Albrecht Petzold Prof. Dr. Thomas Thurn‐Albrecht Lars Borchardt Dr. Marcus Rose Prof. Dr. Stefan Kaskel Colin Georgi Prof. Dr. Heinrich Lang Prof. Dr. Stefan Spange 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2013,52(23):6088-6091
66.
67.
Cover Picture: Synthesis Strategies for Ultrastable Zeolite GIS Polymorphs as Sorbents for Selective Separations (Chem. Eur. J. 45/2016) 下载免费PDF全文
68.
69.
Allocation rules for cooperative games can be manipulated by coalitions merging into single players, or, conversely, players splitting into a number of smaller units. This paper collects some (im)possibility results on merging- and splitting-proofness of (core) allocation rules for cooperative games with side-payments. 相似文献
70.
Georgy M. Pavlov Anke Teichler Stephanie Höppener Christine Weber Jürgen Nowotny Lars Blankenburg Jürgen Popp Martin D. Hager Benjamin Dietzek Ulrich S. Schubert 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2012,50(15):3192-3205
In order to form suitable systems designed for resonance energy transfer, a series of monodisperse methacrylate‐based monomers containing rigid π‐conjugated oligo(phenylene ethynylenes) with different sizes of the conjugated systems ( M1 – M3 ), and therefore different optoelectronic properties, were synthesized and subsequently polymerized using the reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization technique ( P1 – P3 ). In addition, these oligomers were also copolymerized with methyl methacrylate. The obtained polymers were characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography, and analytical ultracentrifugation. The photophysical properties of the polymers were studied by UV–vis absorption and emission spectroscopy in diluted solutions as well as in thin films and compared to the photophysics of the corresponding monomers. Thereby, changes going from monomeric to polymeric systems could be detected in fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes pointing to energy trapping, e.g., energy transfer. Donor–acceptor copolymers containing different numbers of monomeric units within the side chain exhibit differences in the emission spectra, indicating that energy trapping in polymers is very sensitive to structural properties such as the chain length. UV–vis absorption spectroscopy as well as time‐resolved lifetime studies indicate intrapolymer and interpolymer energy transfer. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012 相似文献