RESEARCH ANNOUNCEMENTS ON “STABILITY OF RAREFACTION WAVES OF THE COMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES-POISSON SYSTEM WITH LARGE INITIAL PERTURBATION”

<正>1 Introduction and Main Results In this paper,we study the dynamics of compressible viscous charged particles consisting of two-species particles (e.g.,ions and electrons) under the influence of the self-consistent electrostatic potential force in semiconductor device or plasma physics (cf.[1,6]) which is modeled by the compressible Navier-Stokes-Poisson system (called NSP system in the sequel for simplicity).     

双单体分子印迹光子晶体凝胶膜检测双酚A

采用光子晶体技术和分子印迹技术结合的方法,以双酚A为模板分子、甲醇为溶剂、甲基丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺为单体、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸甲酯为交联剂、2,2-二乙氧基苯乙酮为光引发剂,制备了具有三维有序排列大孔结构的双酚A分子印迹光子晶体凝胶膜。随着双酚A的含量从10^-10 mol/L增加到10^-3 mol/L,布拉格衍射波长红移达36 nm,肉眼可分辨出颜色变化,且波长的变化不受离子强度和阿魏酸、水杨酸、对苯二酚等测定样品结构类似的干扰化合物的影响。     

钴卟啉对三种胺的固定用于SO2的脱除

利用紫外-可见光谱和荧光光谱手段研究了四苯基卟啉钴(CoTPP)对苯胺、乙二胺和二乙胺的超分子固定用于脱除SO₂. 紫外-可见光谱表明CoTPP与三种胺作用后生成CoTPP-胺配合物,Soret吸收带发生红移. 当通入SO₂后,SO₂与胺的作用强于CoTPP与胺的作用,CoTPP-胺配合物释放出CoTPP,CoTPP 在胺法脱硫过程中起到胺固定作用. 荧光光谱表明CoTPP与三种胺作用形成1:1的分子配合物,且为熵驱动反应. CoTPP与苯胺和二乙胺作用为吸热反应,CoTPP与乙二胺作用为放热反应.     

新颖的微流控电调谐空间光开关

提出了一种微流控电调谐非机械空间光开关器件,该器件的基本形式为“光输入阵列+光交换空间+光输出阵列”的结构,采用“水/油/水”液体棱镜作为偏光控制单元.在特定电压范围（30~110 V）内,通过电润湿效应作用的液体棱镜光束偏转角可在约－15°~15°之间连续可调.由此可构造多种平面甚至立体光开关阵列.     

Koopman analysis of nonlinear systems with a neural network representation

The observation and study of nonlinear dynamical systems has been gaining popularity over years in different fields. The intrinsic complexity of their dynamics defies many existing tools based on individual orbits, while the Koopman operator governs evolution of functions defined in phase space and is thus focused on ensembles of orbits, which provides an alternative approach to investigate global features of system dynamics prescribed by spectral properties of the operator. However, it is difficult to identify and represent the most relevant eigenfunctions in practice. Here, combined with the Koopman analysis, a neural network is designed to achieve the reconstruction and evolution of complex dynamical systems. By invoking the error minimization, a fundamental set of Koopman eigenfunctions are derived, which may reproduce the input dynamics through a nonlinear transformation provided by the neural network. The corresponding eigenvalues are also directly extracted by the specific evolutionary structure built in.     

Few-photon routing via chiral light-matter couplings

A quantum router is one of the essential elements in the quantum network. Conventional routers only direct a single photon from one quantum channel into another. Here, we propose a few-photon router. The active element of the router is a single qubit chirally coupled to two independent waveguides simultaneously, where each waveguide mode provides a quantum channel. By introducing the operators of the scatter-free space and the controllable space, the output state of the one-photon and two-photon scattering are derived analytically. It is found that the qubit can direct one and two photons from one port of the incident waveguide to an arbitrarily selected port of the other waveguide with unity, respectively. However, two photons cannot be simultaneously routed to the same port due to the anti-bunch effect.     

在解决物理问题过程中培养学生“去理想化”思维习惯——以一个有趣的静电场问题为例

物理教学离不开理想化模型的建构,简化的理想模型能够帮助中学生在现有知识层面的基础上,更好地理解相关知识并解决问题.但是在实际物理问题中,如果不充分考虑理想化条件,学生在解决问题时就容易产生认知矛盾,不知所措.以一个有趣的静电场问题为例,揭示理想化模型的局限性,强调"去理想化"思维习惯的重要性.探讨分析了教师如何帮助学生打破思维定势,让其对已掌握的物理知识活学活用,培养学生严谨的科学思维.     

Distributed adaptive tracking backstepping control in networked nonidentical Lagrange systems

In this paper, the problem of adaptive tracking control in networked nonidentical Lagrange systems is investigated via backstepping schemes. Two distributed tracking control algorithms are designed for directed network topology graph with a spanning tree, where both the leader’s position and its velocity are assumed to be varying. Some generic criteria for adaptive tracking control algorithms with uncertain external disturbance and parametric uncertainties are presented. It is shown that the proposed algorithms only require a subset of the followers access to leader’s position. Furthermore, the adaptive control algorithm for uncertain external disturbance systems is robust, and it can avoid online measurement for neighbors’ velocities and efficiently eliminate the chattering during tracking. The results show that all followers can track the leader’s dynamics. Two examples and their simulations show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.     

Solvation of Na+, K+, and their dimers in helium

Helium atoms bind strongly to alkali cations which, when embedded in liquid helium, form so-called snowballs. Calculations suggest that helium atoms in the first solvation layer of these snowballs form rigid structures and that their number (n) is well defined, especially for the lighter alkalis. However, experiments have so far failed to accurately determine values of n. We present high-resolution mass spectra of Na(+)He(n), K(+)He(n), Na(2)(+)He(n) and K(2)(+)He(n), formed by electron ionization of doped helium droplets; the data allow for a critical comparison with several theoretical studies. For sodium and potassium monomers the spectra indicate that the value of n is slightly smaller than calculated. Na(2)(+)He(n) displays two distinct anomalies at n=2 and n=6, in agreement with theory; dissociation energies derived from experiment closely track theoretical values. K(2)(+)He(n) distributions are fairly featureless, which also agrees with predictions.