全文获取类型
收费全文 | 170982篇 |
免费 | 18388篇 |
国内免费 | 10549篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 89158篇 |
晶体学 | 1737篇 |
力学 | 12345篇 |
综合类 | 565篇 |
数学 | 42121篇 |
物理学 | 53993篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 366篇 |
2023年 | 2195篇 |
2022年 | 3597篇 |
2021年 | 3667篇 |
2020年 | 4225篇 |
2019年 | 3827篇 |
2018年 | 13082篇 |
2017年 | 12601篇 |
2016年 | 10512篇 |
2015年 | 5527篇 |
2014年 | 6041篇 |
2013年 | 7627篇 |
2012年 | 12470篇 |
2011年 | 19009篇 |
2010年 | 11337篇 |
2009年 | 11574篇 |
2008年 | 12513篇 |
2007年 | 13952篇 |
2006年 | 5408篇 |
2005年 | 5440篇 |
2004年 | 4648篇 |
2003年 | 4436篇 |
2002年 | 3305篇 |
2001年 | 2237篇 |
2000年 | 2077篇 |
1999年 | 2171篇 |
1998年 | 1908篇 |
1997年 | 1827篇 |
1996年 | 1865篇 |
1995年 | 1524篇 |
1994年 | 1322篇 |
1993年 | 1158篇 |
1992年 | 994篇 |
1991年 | 898篇 |
1990年 | 730篇 |
1989年 | 592篇 |
1988年 | 448篇 |
1987年 | 379篇 |
1986年 | 391篇 |
1985年 | 320篇 |
1984年 | 201篇 |
1983年 | 160篇 |
1982年 | 147篇 |
1981年 | 99篇 |
1980年 | 89篇 |
1979年 | 60篇 |
1914年 | 45篇 |
1912年 | 40篇 |
1909年 | 41篇 |
1908年 | 40篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
Xu Zhang Dongfeng Xue Meinan Liu Henryk Ratajczak Dongli Xu 《Journal of Molecular Structure》2005,754(1-3):25-30
On the basis of the crystallographic characteristics of lithium niobate (LN) crystals, Law of Bravais and Pauling's third rule (i.e. Polyhedral Sharing Rule) are employed with the aim to find the relationship between the crystal structure and morphological faces of LN powders. In order to validate our analytical results, we have successfully synthesized LN powders and measured the corresponding X-ray powder diffraction. Our results show that the structural analysis is consistent with the experimental data and is helpful and effective for us to control the single-crystal growth and to design superstructures at the specific plane, starting from the viewpoint of the microscopic behaviors of constituent chemical bonds and polyhedra in the crystallographic frame. 相似文献
992.
Oleg I. Bogoyavlenskij 《Communications in Mathematical Physics》2007,269(2):545-556
The necessary and sufficient conditions for the decoupling of a quasi-linear system of partial differential equations into k non-interacting subsystems are derived. Several necessary conditions for the decoupling are found and applied to the Benney system. 相似文献
993.
Zhigang Zhang Jianping Deng Weiguo Zhao Jianmin Wang Wantai Yang 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2007,45(3):500-508
A novel chiral N‐propargylsulfamide monomer ( 1a ) and its enantiomer ( 1b ) were synthesized and polymerized with (nbd)Rh+B?(C6H5)4 as a catalyst providing poly(1) (poly( 1a ) and poly( 1b )) in high yields (≥99%). Poly(1) could take stable helices in less polar solvents (chloroform and THF), demonstrated by strong circular dichroism signals and UV–vis absorption peaks at about 415 nm and the large specific rotations; but in more polar solvents including DMF and DMSO, poly(1) failed to form helix. Quantitative evaluation with anisotropy factor showed that the helical screw sense had a relatively high thermal stability. These results together with the IR spectra measured in solvents showed that hydrogen bonding between the neighboring sulfamide groups is one of the main driving forces for poly(1) to adopt stable helices. In addition, copolymerization of monomer 1a and monomer 2 was conducted, the solubility of poly(1) was improved drastically. However, the copolymerization had adverse effects on the formation of stable helices in the copolymers. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 500–508, 2007 相似文献
994.
Liangqi Gui Wei Guo ZuYin Zhang Shu Duan 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》2004,25(1):63-70
The image displaying methods used in a millimeter wave radiometric imaging system have great influence on its imaging quality. In order to obtain high quality millimeter wave radiometric images, intensive studies on the image displaying methods are needed. This paper describes the image displaying method of Ground-based 8mm Millimeter Wave Radiometric Imaging (GMWRI) system and compares two different image displaying methods. The experimental results prove the unequal size element arc displaying method fits GMWRI system better. 相似文献
995.
We present a way of introducing joint distibution function and its marginal distribution functions for non-compatible observables.
Each such marginal distribution function has the property of commutativity. Models based on this approach can be used to better
explain some classical phenomena in stochastic processes. 相似文献
996.
Suoyuan Lian Lei Gao Zhenhui Kang Di Wu Yang Lan Lin Xu 《Solid State Communications》2004,132(6):375-378
Single-crystal magnetite nanowires with average diameter of ca. 20 nm and length of up to several micrometers were prepared by a simple alkaline surfactant-free hydrothermal process. The crystallinity, purity, morphology, and structural features of the as-prepared magnetite nanowires were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction. The composition and length of nanowires depends on the pH, with higher pH favoring longer nanowires composed entirely of Fe3O4. A mechanism for nanowire growth is proposed. 相似文献
997.
Hydroxyapatite coating on porous silicon substrate obtained by precipitation process 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Chen Shaoqiang Zhu Ziqiang Zhu Jianzhong Zhang Jian Shi Yanling Yu Ke Wang Weiming Wang Xiaohua Feng Xiao Luo Laiqiang Shao Li 《Applied Surface Science》2004,230(1-4):418-424
Hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 (HAP) is known as a bioactive and biocompatible material, HAP coatings were used to improve the biocompatible of substrate by many researcher, In this work, HAP thin films on porous silicon (PS) substrates have been prepared by aqueous precipitation method with rapid thermal annealing (RTA) processes. The HAP films had been prepared under the annealing temperature ranging from 300 to 1000 °C. By the measurement of X-ray diffraction (XRD), it was found that for the crystallinity optimization, the heat-treatment at 850–950 °C for 1 h would be favorable. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements reveal a dense and smooth surface of the HAP film, and tightly adherence of the coating on porous silicon substrate after sintered. Thus, by this method, porous silicon could be increased its bioactivity and so that could be used in the biomedical area. 相似文献
998.
离子表面活性剂胶团对阿斯匹林碱水解反应的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
离子表面活性剂胶团对阿斯匹林碱水解反应的影响史振民*刘生昆张祝莲巩育军(延安大学化学系延安716000)关键词表面活性剂,阿斯匹林,碱水解反应,胶团,抑制作用1996-05-04收稿,1996-08-12修回阿斯匹林(ASP),学名为乙酰水杨酸,有较... 相似文献
999.
利用指数二分性理论和泛函分析方法,我们研究了自治奇摄动系统的同,异宿轨道的存在性,给出了高维奇摄动系统从退化系统分支出同异宿轨道的Mel-nikov型函数。 相似文献
1000.
THE NECESSARY AND SUFFICIENT CONDITIONS FOR THE SOLVABILITY OF A CLASS OF THE MATRIX INVERSE PROBLEM
Censider the solutions of the matrix inverse problem, which are symmetric positive semide finite on a subspace. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the solvability, as well as the general solution are obtained. The best approximate solution by the above solution set is given. Thus the open problem in [1] is solved. 相似文献