Separation and analysis of radioiodine in nuclear reprocessing solutions of high ionic strength

Ion chromatography (IC) can be used to separate radioiodine from fission products and other ionic species in complex reprocessing solution matrices. A preliminary concentration and separation of the radioiodine is performed using a column filled with a platinum-coated copper bed which converts all forms of iodine to iodide and selectively adsorbs the iodide. The separation is completed by employing an anion chromatographic system. The iodide peak aliquot is collected for subsequent radioanalysis by low energy photon spectroscopy. Results indicate quantitative separation and recovery of iodine. The entire system is automated under computer control and is able to handle small (l) and large (500 ml) sample sizes.     

Kinetics of chlorine isotope exchange reaction between sodium chloride-36 and triphenyltin chloride in mixed solvents

Isotope exchange reaction between NaCl-36 and triphenyltin chloride in dioxane-water (8020% w/w) and ethanol-water (9010% w/w) mixed solvents has been studied at 25, 35 and 50 °C. The exchange reaction was found to proceed via a bimolecular S_N2, limiting mechanism with reaction rates depending on the solvent used. Inhibition of the exchange in ethanol-water is probably due to solvation of chloride ion through hydrogen bond formation. The rate laws for the exchange reactions are: R_e=3.24×10⁹ e^–65550/RT [Rh₃SnCl] [NaCl] in dioxanewater and R_e=6.61×10⁸ e^–69600/RT [Ph₃SnCl] [NaCl] in ethanol-water, where is the degree of dissociation of NaCl and R_e is the rate of exchange in mol l^–1 s^–1. The activation parameters H^*, S^* and G^* are reported.     

Effect of LET on radiolysis of C6−C8 cycloalkane systems

The - and -radiolysis of cyclohexane, cycloheptane and cyclooctane was investigated in the absence and presence of iodine scavenger. Comparison of the distributions of products formed revealed considerable differences between - and -radiolysis, and the decomposition of strainless cyclohexane and strained cycloheptane and cyclooctane.     

Forward-backward multiplicity correlations in σ+ p,K + p andpp collisions at 250 GeV/c

Forward-backward multiplicity correlations in σ⁺,K ⁺ p andpp collisions at 250 GeV/c ( \(\sqrt s \) =22 GeV) are given for all charges and for the different charge combinations. The correlations are found to be caused predominantly by centrally produced particles. It is demonstrated that this result is an agreement with observations at the ISR and the CERNp \(\bar p\) -Collider. The results are compared to expectations from LUND, DPM and FRITIOF Monte Carlo models and a geometrical picture relating correlations in hadron-hadron collisions toe ⁺ e ^? data in terms of impact parameters is tested.     

Observation and analysis ofE mesons in\bar p p annihilation at rest in H2 gas

Antiproton-proton annihilation at rest in a gaseous H₂ target at NTP into the final state π⁺ π^? K ^± π^? (K ⁰) with an undetectedK ⁰ or \(\bar K^0 \) has been investigated. We observe theE(1420) resonance in the invariant mass spectrum (K ⁰)_miss K ^± π^? with massM _E =1413±8 MeV/c² and widthГ ^E =62 ± 16MeV/c² and find evidence for the production of thef ₁(1285). The absolute branching ratio of \(\bar p\) p → π⁺ π^? E ⁰,E ⁰ →K ₀ ^L K ^± π ^? at (61±6)%P wave annihilation is (3.0±0.9)·10^?4 of all annihilations. The observed suppression of theE production fromP wave with respect to theS wave together with some simple selection rules suggest that the quantum numbers of theE(1420) areJ ^pc=0^?+ and not I⁺⁺.     

Relativistic correction to the triton binding energy in the framework of relativistic Hamiltonian dynamics

The relativistic correction to the triton binding energy approximated to the order (v/c)² is calculated in the framework of relativistic Hamiltonian dynamics. We discuss the generator representation of the Poincaré group for three relativistic particles and its connection with the Feynman diagrams in the infinite-momentum frame (the light-front dynamics). The relativistic correction enhances the attraction in the three-nucleon system. The five-channel calculation with the Reid soft-core potential yeilds the result =–0.54 MeV, which is governed mainly by theD-wave contribution. TheS-wave contributions to are only –0.10 MeV.     

A neutral gas model for electron swarms

A BGK-type Boltzmann equation for a neutral gas is considered as a model for electron swarms, because the gas and the electron Boltzmann equation have a common diffusion approximation. Both full- and half-range theory are developed using orthogonality methods of solution. Preliminary comparisons with diffusion theory are presented.     

Compact,wide aperture X-ray preionized XeCl laser with high specific optical power

An X-ray preionized, discharge-pumped XeCl laser with a variable beam cross-section of up to 6×6 cm² is described. It uses flat electrodes and the beam width is determined by X-ray collimation. Its operation characteristics concerning reduced electric field strength (E/p) and X-ray dose are discussed in detail. The inductance of the discharge loop is minimized using a water capacitor arrangement. A very high specific optical power (90 MW/l) is achieved in an active volume of 1.2 l. The pulse energy exceeds 5 J in a 45 ns pulse (FWHM). Komatsu Ltd., Manda 1200, Hiratsuka-shi, Kanagawa 254, Japan Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Department of Plasma Physics, Academia Sinica, Shanghai, P.R. China     

Properties of RF sputtered ZnxCd1−xS thin films

Zn _x Cd_1–x S thin films (0x0.20) were prepared using rf sputtering in argon atmosphere and characterized using X-ray diffraction, optical transmission, electrical resistivity and photoconductive decay measurements. The films were found to possess hexagonal structure. The crystallite size and degree of preferential orientation were found to decrease with the increase ofx and to improve upon annealing in vacuum at 250 °C. The transmission edge shifted towards shorter wavelengths with the increase ofx in agreement with the expected shift in the energy band gap. The films were found to exhibit room temperature resistivity in the range 100–1000 cm. The obtained values of long wavelength transmission (70–80%) and minority carrier diffusion length (30 m) are high enough for the application of these films in the field of solar cells.     

The electronic structure of Rhodium: Angle-resolved studies of photoelectron and secondary electron emission

We report electron spectroscopic studies of the Rh(111) surface, with the aim to obtain bulk band-structure information. We have measured normal photoemision using tunable synchrotron radiation in the range of photon energies between 11 eV and 55 eV, and angle-dependent photoemission along the LUX and LKL azimuths using the He resonance lines (=21.2 eV, 40.8 eV). To complement these data, we studied angleresolved secondary electron emission after excitation with electrons and photons. We derive parts of the one-electron energy dispersionE(k) along L, and determine the energies of several bulk critical points (in eV):E(> ₇₊/₈₊)=–2.75±0.10,E(> ₈₊=–0.85±0.10,E(> _7–=16.1±0.5,E(> _6–/> _8–)=20.5±0.5,E(X ₇₊)=–5.0±0.1,E(L ₆₊)=–5.6±0.5,E(L ₆₊/L ₄₊₊₅₊)=–2.65±0.10,E(L ₆₊)=9.0±0.5 eV. Our results are compared to several available band structure calculations.