Electron transport in a multichannel one-dimensional conductor: molybdenum selenide nanowires

We have measured electron transport in small bundles of identical conducting molybdenum selenide nanowires where the number of weakly interacting one-dimensional chains ranges from 1 to 300. The linear conductance and current in these nanowires exhibit a power-law dependence on temperature and bias voltage, respectively. The exponents governing these power laws decrease as the number of conducting channels increase. These exponents can be related to the electron-electron interaction parameter for transport in multichannel 1D systems with a few defects.     

Effects of deposition temperature and thickness on the structural properties of thermal evaporated bismuth thin films

Bismuth (Bi) thin films of different thicknesses were deposited onto Si(1 0 0) substrate at various substrate temperatures by thermal evaporation technique. Influences of thickness and deposition temperature on the film morphologies, microstructure, and topographies were investigated. A columnar growth of hexahedron-like grains with bimodal particle size distribution was observed at high deposition temperature. The columnar growth and the presence of large grains induce the Bi films to have large surface roughness as evidenced by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The dependence of the crystalline orientation on the substrate temperature was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), which shows that the Bi films have completely randomly oriented polycrystalline structure with a rhombohedral phase at high deposition temperature (200 °C) and were strongly textured with preferred orientation at low deposition temperatures (30 and 100 °C).     

Development of Flow Cytometric Protocol for Nuclear DNA Content Estimation and Determination of Chromosome Number in Pongamia pinnata L., a Valuable Biodiesel Plant

The potentiality of Pongamia pinnata L. as a sustainable source of feedstock for the biodiesel industry is dependent on an extensive knowledge of the genome structure of the plant. Flow cytometry, with propidium iodide (PI) as the DNA stain, was used to estimate the nuclear DNA content of P. pinnata, with respect to Zea mays ‘CE-777’ as standard. The internal and pseudo-internal standardization was followed on account of the inhibitory effect of secondary compounds on PI intercalation. The antioxidants (PVP-40 and β-mercaptoethanol) were added to the nuclear isolation buffer for the reduction of inhibitory effect of P. pinnata cytosol. Nuclear DNA content estimation was done for P. pinnata leaves from different altitudes (37–117 m height from sea level) of Assam. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that the nuclear DNA content of P. pinnata is 2.66 pg with predicted 1C value of 1,300 Mb using Z. mays as standard. Coefficient of variation in flow cytometric analysis was within the limit of 5 % indicating that the results were reliable. Somatic chromosome numbers were counted from root–tip cells and was found to be 2n?=?22 corresponding to the diploid level (x?=?11). A decreasing trend in the nuclear DNA content was observed for the species of different altitudes.     

Soliton stability in a square lattice model of an inhomogeneous helimagnet

In this paper, we propose a square lattice model to study the nonlinear spin excitationsof an inhomogeneous helimagnet with bilinear, twist and anisotropic interactions in thesemi classical limit. The dynamics is found to be governed by a nonlinear partialdifferential equation (pde) in (2 +1) dimensions. The nonlinear excitations and the influence of differenttypes of interactions are investigated using a perturbation technique. The effect ofinhomogeneities in the system is demonstrated graphically in terms of solitonstability.     

Intuitionistic fuzzy sublattices and ideals

We study the concept of intuitionistic fuzzy sublattices and intuitionistic fuzzy ideals of a lattice. Some characterization and properties of these intuitionistic fuzzy sublattices and ideals are established. Also we introduce the sum and product of two intuitionistic fuzzy ideals and prove that the sum and product of two Intuitionistic fuzzy ideals of a distributive lattice is again an intuitionistic fuzzy ideal. Moreover, we study the properties of intuitionistic fuzzy ideals under lattice homomorphism.     

Highly conducting π-conjugated molecular junctions covalently bonded to gold electrodes

We measure electronic conductance through single conjugated molecules bonded to Au metal electrodes with direct Au-C covalent bonds using the scanning tunneling microscope based break-junction technique. We start with molecules terminated with trimethyltin end groups that cleave off in situ, resulting in formation of a direct covalent σ bond between the carbon backbone and the gold metal electrodes. The molecular carbon backbone used in this study consist of a conjugated π system that has one terminal methylene group on each end, which bonds to the electrodes, achieving large electronic coupling of the electrodes to the π system. The junctions formed with the prototypical example of 1,4-dimethylenebenzene show a conductance approaching one conductance quantum (G(0) = 2e(2)/h). Junctions formed with methylene-terminated oligophenyls with two to four phenyl units show a 100-fold increase in conductance compared with junctions formed with amine-linked oligophenyls. The conduction mechanism for these longer oligophenyls is tunneling, as they exhibit an exponential dependence of conductance on oligomer length. In addition, density functional theory based calculations for the Au-xylylene-Au junction show near-resonant transmission, with a crossover to tunneling for the longer oligomers.     

Utilization of phenylalanine and phenylacetic acid byPseudomonas solanacearum

Pseudomonas solanacearum utilized phenylalanine as sole source of carbon and nitrogen. Phenylalanine-grown cells rapidly oxidized phenylacetic acid and homogentisic acid. Gentisic and protocatechuic acids were also oxidized, after an initial lag. Phenylacetate-grown cells rapidly oxidized gentisic acid, slowly oxidizedo-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and catechol, and did not oxidizem-hydroxymandelic andm-hydroxyphenylacetic acids. Phenylalanine was degraded via phenylacetic acid-r-lactone andβ ketoadipate; Rothera’s test indicatedortho cleavage of the aromatic ring.