镁基复合材料的放氢性能

将混合粉末Ni和Ti覆盖于纯Mg锭表面制备Mg基复合材料.此方法有利于吸/放氢相Mg2Ni和催化相NiTi规则地生成与分布.纯Mg锭位于中心位置,而粉末Ni和Ti包覆于纯Mg锭表面.首先确定生成Mg2Ni和NiTi的温度范围为600℃左右;根据此温度范围,计算在650℃和850℃ Mg2Ni和NiTi的晶粒尺寸,从而确定最优化的烧结温度;建立晶体结构模型,确定Mg2Ni合金相主要分布在烧结体表面;最终实现了5 min放氢量为4wt;,实现了短时间内大放氢量的目的.     

高压对Ti2AlX(X=C,N)结构、弹性和电子性质的影响

采用第一性原理方法,对比研究了Ti2AlC和Ti2AlN在高压下的结构、弹性和电子性质.结果表明,Ti2 AlC和Ti2AlN的品格常数a、c和体积V均随着外压的增大减小,但二者变化规律略有不同,都体现了材料的各向异性.通过对弹性常数、体模量、剪切模量、杨氏模量等弹性性质的分析,发现它们均随外压的增加而增大,并验证了Ti2AlC和Ti2AlN在0～50 GPa范围内的力学稳定性.此外,还从电子态密度的角度考察了Ti2AlC和Ti2AlN的电子性质,认为它们均具有共价键和金属键的双重特性,并发现在0 ～ 50 GPa范围内压力对态密度影响较小.本文计算结果与已有实验值和理论值吻合较好.     

双模板法制备分级孔结构SiC陶瓷

以冰晶和聚苯乙烯(PS)微球为模板,微米级SiC粉体为原料,通过双模板法制备了具有三级孔径分布的多孔SiC陶瓷.研究了SiC的固含量和PS微球的大小对多孔SiC陶瓷的微观形貌、孔隙率和压缩强度的影响.研究结果表明:分级孔结构的多孔SiC陶瓷具有冰模板升华后遗留下的对齐排列的大孔、分布于孔壁中的由PS微球热解留下的中孔和颗粒之间堆积形成的小孔.随着SiC固相含量的增加,大孔孔径和孔容降低,但压缩强度增加.当PS微球粒径约为0.90 μm时,中孔孔径分布在0.7～1.5 μm之间;当PS微球粒径约为2.51 μm时,孔径分布较宽,约为1～3 μm.     

Effects of Combinatorial Expression of selA,selB and selC Genes on the Efficiency of Selenocysteine Incorporation in Escherichia coli

In Escherichia coli, four gene products(selA, selB, selC and selD) and a selenocysteine(Sec) insertion sequence(SECIS) are required for the correct translation of UGA codons encoding Sec. Previous studies have shown that the stoichiometry of selenoproteine mRNA and elongation factor SelB affect the efficiency of Sec incorporation. Herein lies a detailed analysis of the effects of co-expressing selA, selB and selC genes under inducible promoters on the incorporation efficiency of Sec. Over-expression of either selA or selB reduced the efficiency of Sec incorporation by 61.1% or 11.6%, respectively, compared to the over-expression of the reporter vector alone did. Concomitant over-expression of selC with selA or selB completely reversed the reduce of the efficiency of Sec but still reduced the efficiency of the incorporation relative to that observed for expression of selC alone. Over-expression of selC gene alone under L-arabinose induction reduced the efficiency of the incorporation relative to that observed for co-expressing selC with selA and selB under the control of its endogenous promoter in the absence of L-arabinose. Co-expression of selA, selB and selC with selA or selB under the control of inducible promoters increased the efficiency of Sec incorporation by 69.7%. Moreover, inducing selenoprotein-related gene expression during the late exponential phase increased the efficiency of Sec incorporation by a factor of 5.4 relative to that observed for the reporter vector alone. These results suggest that the co-expression of selA, selB and selC in Escherichia coli under the control of inducible promoters is a viable and promising strategy for increasing the yields of selenoproteins.     

中红外激光晶体Er∶YSGG的生长及LD泵浦的激光性能

采用提拉法成功生长出了Er∶ YSGG晶体.吸收光谱分析表明Er∶ YSGG晶体在967.5nm有较强的吸收峰和较宽的吸收谱带.采用966nm半导体激光器泵浦YSGG/Er∶YSGG复合激光晶体元件,实现了2.796 μm的连续激光输出,最大输出功率439 mW,相应的斜率效率为12.5;,光光转换效率为10.6;.     

Digital discrimination of neutrons and γ rays with organic scintillation detectors in an 8-bit sampling system using frequency gradient analysis

The feasibility of using frequency gradient analysis (FGA), a digital method based on Fourier transform, to discriminate neutrons and γ rays in the environment of an 8-bit sampling system has been investigated. The performances of most pulse shape discrimination methods in a scintillation detection system using the time-domain features of the photomultiplier tube anode signal will be lower or non-effective in this low resolution sampling system. However, the FGA method using the frequency-domain features of the anode signal exhibits a strong insensitivity to noise and can be used to discriminate neutrons and γ rays in the above sampling system. A detailed study of the quality of the FGA method in BC501A liquid scintillators is presented using a 5 G samples/s 8-bit oscilloscope and a 14.1 MeV neutron generator. A comparison of the discrimination results of the time-of-flight and conventional charge comparison (CC) methods proves the applicability of this technique. Moreover, FGA has the potential to be implemented in current embedded electronics systems to provide real-time discrimination in standalone instruments.     

确定恒星表面有效温度的非参数估计方法

恒星表面有效温度是恒星的一个重要物理参量,是恒星光谱差异的重要因素。文章采用非参数估计算法对恒星表面温度进行估计。首先对历史光谱数据进行主成分分析(PCA)处理,再根据PCA特征数据与其表面温度的对应关系建立温度的估计模型,该模型是基于高斯核函数的。方法不依赖对光谱进行精确测量,就可以得到较高估计精度的温度值,对大样本光谱分析具有重要意义。     

Average Field Idea and Single Particle Model for 2 Dimension Crystallization Beams(Ⅱ)

The average field idea and the single particle model have been introduced, and the motion behaviours in large scale of beam particles have been disscussed for 2 Dimension crystallization beams in storage rings. It is shown that a particle orbit is the spiral line moved along z axis, and new configuration has been disclosed in the plane vertical to z axis.     

用分子自由振动固有频率预测阴离子表面活性剂临界胶束浓度

用分子自由振动固有频率预测阴离子表面活性剂临界胶束浓度;CMC;QSPR     

无皂乳液聚合合成均分散PMMA微球

甲基丙烯酸甲酯;微波辐照;无皂乳液聚合合成均分散PMMA微球