Synthesis and Herbicidal Activity of Novel Sulfonylureas Containing Thiadiazol Moiety

Thirteen novel sulfonylureas containing thiadiazole moiety were synthesized in a two-step reaction. Their structures were determined using IR, ^1H NMR, HRFTMS, and elemental analysis. Herbicidal activities of these compounds were determined in the green house bio-assay. The results show that four compounds among them exhibit some activity toward four tested herbs.     

Decomposition Reaction of Zn-MPA（3-Mercaptopropionic Acid） Complex Under Microwave Irradiation

The thermal decomposition of Zn-MPA complex was investigated under microwave irradiation. ZnO and ZnS nanocrystals could be obtained by decomposing Zn-MPA（3-mercaptopropionic acid） complex under different reaction conditions. It was found that both the pH value of the solution and the molar ratio of Zn2＋ and MPA can play an important role in the formation of ZnO and ZnS nanocrystals. MPA mainly acts as an S source or as a complexing agent. This study provides a new route for the controllable preparation of semiconductor nanocrystals.     

Tailoring Pore Structure and Morphologies in Covalent Organic Frameworks for Xe/Kr Capture and Separation

As a rising star among porous solid materials, covalent organic frameworks(COFs) with excellent properties including but not limit to facilely controllable structure, high porosity, and multi-chemical functionality represent significant potential for efficient ¹²⁷Xe/⁸⁵Kr capture and separation. In this study, through tuning the length of the organic ligands, two-dimensional(2D) COF mate-rials with identical connection group but different pore properties, denoted as ATFG-COF and TpPa-COF with AA-stacking model and TpBD-COF with AB-stacking model were synthesized and tested for Kr and Xe adsorption for the first time. Adsorption measurements indicate that the narrower pore apertures and higher porosity are conducive for COF materials to capture Xe and Kr. Furthermore, the Henry's constant, isosteric heat of adsorption(Q_st), and ideal adsorbed solution theory(IAST) selectivity of ATFG-COF, the pore size of which is closest to the kinetic diameter of the Xe atom(0.41 nm) among 2D COF materials, were carried out based on the single component sorption isotherms. The results illustrate that the high isosteric heat values of Xe/Kr adsorption on ATFG-COF are 25 and 16 kJ/mol at room temperature, respectively. Henry's law predicts that the selectivity factor of Xe to Kr is 6.07, consistent with the adsorption selectivity(ca. 6) calculated based on the IAST.     

嵌段共聚物自组装的研究进展

嵌段共聚物自组装在光学、电子、信息、化学及生物领域有着广泛的应用前景.本文从实验观测、理论研究和计算机模拟三个方面概述了嵌段共聚物自组装领域的研究进展.在实验观测方面,着重介绍了嵌段共聚物在体相及膜中的自组装及外场调控作用方面的研究进展;理论方面则分别介绍了强分相理论、弱分相理论、自洽场理论、动态密度泛函方法和元胞动力学等在嵌段共聚物自组装领域的应用;计算机模拟方面就 Monte Carlo 模拟、耗散粒子动力学等方法在该领域的应用作了详细的阐述.     

江西九连山常绿阔叶林的物种多样性分析

基于线路调查和样方调查的基础上,研究了江西九连山国家级自然保护区内常绿阔叶林的主要植被群落的α多样性和β多样性,α多样性测度指标主要采用Patrick丰富度指数、Shannon-wiener多样性指数、Simpson优势度指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Margalef丰富度指数等5个指标,β多样性采     

电场的增强作用对介质膜光栅损伤形貌的影响

研究了电场在介质膜光栅结构中的增强效应对其抗激光损伤阈值的影响.使用傅里叶模式方法计算了电场在介质膜光栅浮雕结构内的分布.数值分析表明：电场在介质膜光栅中增强的最大值为入射光的2倍,其最大的位置出现在相对于入射光对面的光栅槽侧壁。实验测试介质膜光栅样品在1 064 nm和12 ns, 51.2°和TE偏振光入射时,其抗激光损伤阈值为6.61 J/cm2.对损伤形貌进行扫描电镜精确分析,发现介质膜光栅的初始损伤产生于电场在介质膜光栅内增强最大的位置处.     

光子四维量子态隐形传输

多维量子纠缠态比二维纠缠态可加载更多的信息,多维量子系统是量子信息处理中一个很重要的资源.本文采用已实现的光子四维纠缠态,给出了光子四维量子态的张量表达式,并描述了四维量子态隐形传输的一般表示方法;通过讨论光子四维量子态系统的量子通道参数矩阵和测量矩阵的特性,得到实现完全传输和非零概率传输的充要条件.最后,本文给出在多种量子通道下的四维态的量子隐形传态方案,这一过程在张量分析表示下十分清晰明了.     

基于溶液温度差谱分析的ATR-FTIR原位测量方法

作为一种原位、快速、无损坏的中红外光谱分析技术,ATR-FTIR已在很多工程领域得到越来越多的应用,尤其是针对结晶过程溶液浓度的原位实时测量。水是一种常用的结晶溶剂,在中红外波段具有强吸收峰,并且在不同温度下具有光谱吸收差异性,因而不能忽略溶剂水和温度对溶液浓度的中红外光谱测量带来的影响。以朗伯-比尔定律为基础,提出采用溶液光谱减去相应温度下的溶剂光谱的方法,从而能准确地测量溶液浓度。以L-谷氨酸溶液结晶过程为例,对L-谷氨酸水溶液的原始光谱数据、溶液光谱扣除常温(25℃)溶剂水的光谱数据以及溶液光谱对应温度扣除溶剂水的光谱数据分别进行建模。结果表明,提出的对应温度差谱法能有效消除溶剂水峰对溶质光谱测量的干扰,明显地降低了溶液浓度光谱标定模型的预测误差。该方法对提高原位ATR-FTIR光谱检测精度的实际应用具有一定的参考价值。     

深圳城市气溶胶物理光学特性的观测研究

气溶腔是影响气候变化和空气污染的重要因子,在深圳地区展开气溶胶观测实验,可以获得可靠的光学物理特征,进而有助于准确评估气溶胶在新型超极城市区域的气像和环境效应,本文利用2010年12月至2011年8月太阳光度计、黑碳和浊度计等气溶胶观测资料,分析了新型超级城市深圳地区的气溶胶物理光学特性,深圳地区气溶胶呈明显季节变化,冬、春季由于城市污染性气溶胶的影响,气溶胶光学厚度和Angstrom波长指数都较大,夏季受海盐气溶胶的影响,光学厚度较小Angstrom波长指数也较小,光学厚度与Angstrom波长指数对比表明城市综合性污染是引起深圳气溶胶高光学厚度的主要原因,深圳地区气溶胶的散射系数、吸收系数的平均值(标准偏差)分别为178.7×10-6 m-1 (126.6×10-6m-1和32.5×1O-6m 1 (18.1×10-6m1),均低于珠三角腹地多年观测平均值的二分之一和国内其他大型城市观测值,而单次散射反照率为0.81,与珠三角其他地区得到的结果接近.此外,气溶胶吸收、散射和单次散射反照率呈明显日变化,可能主要受大气边界层变化的影响.     

基于双目立体视觉实现物体三维测量的研究

以双目立体视觉理论为基础,提取立体图像的Harris角点作为特征点,经过基于小波变换的子线段匹配方法,采用由粗到细的匹配策略匹配端点,盒滤波技术加速法,解决了匹配准确度和匹配速度之间的平衡问题.采用该方法对水泥冷却机内熟料进行测量,实验表明该方法能够较精确的对物体实现三维测量.