麻省理工学院物理教育状况研究

通过对麻省理工学院物理教育理念、专业设置、课程体系、教材选用情况和教学方式的分析与研究,进一步了解MIT物理教育的特点以及培养拔尖创新人才的模式,可对我国大学的物理教育改革提供一些科学的参考和启示.     

V型稠密介质中脉宽对超短脉冲和频谱及其CEP依赖性的影响

利用不含慢变包络近似和旋波近似的全波Maxwell-Bloch方程组的数值解,研究脉宽对稠密V型三能级原子介质中超短激光脉冲和频谱及其载波包络位相(CEP)依赖性的影响.结果表明:脉宽较小时,脉冲分裂数目少,频谱较宽,高频部分显著,CEP的变化对脉冲及频谱的影响较大,尤其对子脉冲间的时间间隔及频谱高频部分强度大小的影响更为显著;随着脉宽的增大,脉冲分裂数目增多,频谱宽度变窄,高频部分强度明显降低,CEP的变化对脉冲及频谱的影响减弱.     

声音震碎酒杯实验

利用喇叭播放频率逐渐变化的声音,当声音的频率与酒杯的固有频率相同时,酒杯发生共振,从而震碎.     

绿泥石矿物成分与光谱特征关系研究

绿泥石矿物广泛发育于各种岩石和地质环境中,其化学成分的变化,可反映出其形成时的物理化学条件及其光谱特征的变化。为了探索矿物光谱特征与其矿物化学成分间的内在关联性,为利用高光谱技术探测矿物微观信息提供基础依据。通过薄片显微分析,鉴定了岩石样品中的矿物种类及矿物组合特征,圈定出典型的绿泥石矿物颗粒和划分了绿泥石的产状特征;并利用现代电子探针微区分析技术,测定了16件岩石样品中共146个具有典型代表性的绿泥石矿物颗粒的化学成分,据此计算了其n(AlⅣ),n(AlⅥ),n(Fe),n(Mg)与Fe/(Fe+Mg)比值等相关化学参数;此外对测量的岩矿光谱进行分析,提取了岩石样品中绿泥石矿物的特征光谱参量。在以上基础上,对绿泥石矿物的光谱特征参量和其主要晶体化学参数的关系进行分析研究,研究表明绿泥石矿物的诊断性特征吸收波长位置随绿泥石中Fe离子含量的增加而向长波方向移动。研究结果对于利用高光谱遥感技术进行蚀变矿物及造岩矿物种类、成分及结构特征的识别和探测具有重要的指导意义。     

12C6+离子对阿维链霉菌累进辐照诱变效应研究

选用12C6+ 离子束对阿维链霉菌诱变选育高产菌株与原始菌株进行辐照诱变, 研究其累进辐照效应。实验结果表明,在辐照剂量为10 Gy时, 原始菌株比诱变高产菌株存活率高, 抗辐射能力强;辐照剂量高于30 Gy时,诱变高产菌株比原始菌株存活率高, 抗辐射能力强。原始菌株正突变率最高的辐照剂量为50 Gy, 致死率99.43%,正突变率最高, 达34.2%;对诱变高产菌株辐照剂量为30 Gy,致死率94.97%,正突变率最高, 达23.5% 。累进辐照效应降低了最佳辐照剂量。 Mutagenic effect on the mutant high producing strain ZJAV Y1 203 and the original strain ZJAV A1 irradiated by ion beam of 12C6+ have been investigated. The experimental results indicated that the original strain has higher survival rate and stronger resistance to radiation than mutant high producing Strain at dose of 10 Gy. The mutant high producing strain has higher survival rate and stronger resistance to radiation than the original strain at the dose higher than 30 Gy. The lethality was 97% and the highest rate of orthomutation was 34.2%, when ZJAV A1 was irradiated by 50 Gy 12C6+ beam. The lethality was 94.97% and the highest rate of orthomutation was 23.5% when ZJAV Y1 203 was irradiated by 30 Gy 12C6+ beam. The best radiation dose is decreased by progressivity irradiation.     

Two-Mode Excited Squeezed Vacuum State and Its Properties

In this paper, the two-mode excited squeezed vacuum state (TESVS) is studied by using the statistical method. By calculating the normalization of the TESVS, a new form of Jacobi polynomials and some new identities are obtained. The photon number distribution of the TESVS is given and it is a simple form of Jacobi polynomials. Using the entangled state representation of Wigner operator, the Wigner function of the TESVS is obtainded and the variations of the Wigner function with the parameters m, n, and r are discussed. Here from the phase space point of view the TESVS can be well interpreted and described.     

Generation of GHZ States via Deterministic Entanglement Concentration

We present the generation of six-particle Greenberger Horne-Zeilinger （GHZ） states via deterministic entanglement concentration and generalize the scheme to the case of 2N particles. We show that arbitrary 2N-particle GHZ states can be obtained with certain probability via entanglement concentration. This may provide a new perspective for the preparation of multi-particle GHZ states. This study is also an exploration on the theory of deterministic entanglement concentration.     

颜面赝复体粘接剂的红外光谱分析

传统的颜面赝复体粘接剂按其成分可分为聚丙烯酸酯类和有机硅类。以往对于颜面赝复体粘接剂性能的研究,多为粘接强度的测试,而有关这些粘接剂在粘接过程中的变化研究则较少见。文章测试了两种颜面赝复体粘接剂 (Epithane3及Secure2 Adhesive)在液态、半固态时的红外光谱。结果提示,Epithane3结固过程中有水分和残留氨的挥发,Secure2 Adhesive结固过程中表现为乙酸乙酯挥发。有机硅官能团是有机硅类和硅橡胶的粘接强度比聚丙烯酸酯类高的关键。两种粘接剂红外光谱主要吸收峰的峰位、峰形与结固前相同, 表明结固前后其主要化学成分和基本结构未发生变化。     

基于GEANT4的CsI(T1)闪烁体探测器的Monte Carlo模拟

对闪烁光在晶体内的传输以及光电子倍增过程进行了建模,基于GEANT4软件包对CsI(T1)闪烁体探测器进行了蒙特卡罗模拟,得到了不同形状、尺寸和包装的CsI(T1)晶体测量γ射线的能谱.对比模拟和测试结果,两者得到了很好的符合,从而验证了模拟参数的合理性和可靠性.该模拟程序的建立为闪烁体探测器的设计提供了更精确的开发工具.