氧化镍纳米晶体的制备及其过程分析

为了开发一种新型纳米氧化镍催化剂,能有效地应用于生物质气化过程中去除焦油,本文采用均匀沉淀法成功地制备了纳米氧化镍晶体,并利用TGA、FTIR、XRD、BET、YEM等分析手段对前驱体和产品的性能进行了表征.同时,对前驱体的分解过程进行了全面的分析.分析结果表明前驱体是水合碱式碳酸镍,其分子式为NiCO3·Ni(OH)2·nH2O,它能在360℃下完全分解转化为纳米NiO,同时煅烧条件对合成纳米NiO的晶体粒径影响很大.实验证实所得纳米NiO颗粒呈球形,分散性好,纯度较高,属立方晶系结构,平均粒径约为7.5nm,其BET表面积为187.98m2/g,这显示纳米NiO晶体具有作为高效催化材料的应用可行性.     

Fe3+对KDP晶体光学质量的影响

金属离子Fe3+对KDP晶体的生长和光学性质有明显影响.本文在前期研究的基础上[1]系统考察了该杂质离子对KDP晶体光学质量的影响.实验结果表明,三价金属离子Fe3+会降低KDP晶体的透光率,同时对晶体均匀性和光损伤阈值也有明显影响.光损伤阈值降低的主要原因在于杂质诱发缺陷导致的电子崩电离、多光子电离(尤其是双光子电离)等过程的发生.     

缓冲层ZnPc对有机电致发光器件特性的影响

本文研究了酞菁锌(ZnPc)薄膜的表面形貌及ZnPc薄膜作为缓冲层对有机电致发光器件(OLEDs)光电特性的影响.对比两组样品的AFM图像,ZnPc薄膜相比于ITO薄膜,其表面的岛面积较大,薄膜表面更连续平整,基本上覆盖了ITO膜表面针孔,减少了表面的缺陷.另外,ZnPc薄膜的岛分布均匀有序.使用ZnPc作为缓冲层的器件性能明显好于未使用ZnPc修饰的器件,在7.42V的驱动电压下的最大发光亮度达到1.428kcd/m2,在4.3V电压驱动下时,最大光功率效率为1.411m/W;而未使用缓冲层的器件在8V的驱动电压下达到最大发光亮度达到1.212kcd/m2,在5.5V电压驱动下时,最大光功率效率为0.931m/W.     

Synthesis and Herbicidal Activity of Novel Sulfonylureas Containing Thiadiazol Moiety

Thirteen novel sulfonylureas containing thiadiazole moiety were synthesized in a two-step reaction. Their structures were determined using IR, ^1H NMR, HRFTMS, and elemental analysis. Herbicidal activities of these compounds were determined in the green house bio-assay. The results show that four compounds among them exhibit some activity toward four tested herbs.     

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Biological Activity of Novel Dichloroacetyl Oxazolidine Herbicide Safeners

A series of novel N-dichloroacetyl oxazolidine herbicide safeners was synthesized and characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction. The preliminary biological test shows that the compounds could protect maize against injury caused by chlorsulfuron to a certain extent.     

Decomposition Reaction of Zn-MPA（3-Mercaptopropionic Acid） Complex Under Microwave Irradiation

The thermal decomposition of Zn-MPA complex was investigated under microwave irradiation. ZnO and ZnS nanocrystals could be obtained by decomposing Zn-MPA（3-mercaptopropionic acid） complex under different reaction conditions. It was found that both the pH value of the solution and the molar ratio of Zn2＋ and MPA can play an important role in the formation of ZnO and ZnS nanocrystals. MPA mainly acts as an S source or as a complexing agent. This study provides a new route for the controllable preparation of semiconductor nanocrystals.     

聚合物气体辅助注射成型制品的形态结构

作为一种由常规注射成型发展起来的聚合物加工技术,气体辅助注射成型具有节约原材料、缩短成型周期以及提高制品性能等优点,已得到广泛的应用.由于气辅成型过程是一个在刚、柔双重约束界面条件下进行的多相复杂体系的多次流动过程,因而其形态结构的形成、发展和演化要远比常规注塑成型复杂.然而在气辅成型的形态结构方面,国内外的研究一直以来开展得较少.近年来,作者在聚合物及其共混物、复合材料气辅成型制品的形态结构方面已开展了广泛的研究工作,本文对这些工作和一些重要结果作了总结,并简要分析了成型过程中剪切场对形态演化的影响,最后对该研究方向的发展趋势作了展望.     

新版《高分子化学》解读

旨在剖析祖仁教授主编的《高分子化学》第四版的教学思想和撰写特点,涉及章节、内容的选择和安排、逻辑思维和教学方法,以及一些技术术语等。同时也指出了新版教材的一些印刷错误等。     

Genetically engineered materials: Proteins and beyond

Information-rich molecules provide opportunities for evolution. Genetically engineered materials are superior in that their properties are coded within genetic sequences and could be fine-tuned. In this review, we elaborate the concept of genetically engineered materials(GEMs) using examples ranging from engineered protein materials to engineered living materials. Proteinbased materials are the materials of choice by nature. Recent progress in protein engineering has led to opportunities to tune...     

Quantum Circuit Optimization for Solving Discrete Logarithm of Binary Elliptic Curves Obeying the Nearest-Neighbor Constrained

In this paper, we consider the optimization of the quantum circuit for discrete logarithm of binary elliptic curves under a constrained connectivity, focusing on the resource expenditure and the optimal design for quantum operations such as the addition, binary shift, multiplication, squaring, inversion, and division included in the point addition on binary elliptic curves. Based on the space-efficient quantum Karatsuba multiplication, the number of CNOTs in the circuits of inversion and division has been reduced with the help of the Steiner tree problem reduction. The optimized size of the CNOTs is related to the minimum degree of the connected graph.