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951.
In previous work, we considered the representation of human decision-making processes in closed-form simulation models of conflict. An important element of this representation is the rapid planning process that embodies the processing of information for situation assessment to support a course of action decision (eg in a military headquarters). The application of this work is in support of operational analysis models for defence procurement and balance of investment. This paper describes the application of non-linear multi-attribute utility theory in conflict scenarios in order to extend the representation of the rapid planning process to account for a wider set of subjective attributes of the decision-maker. The results show, through examination of experimental data, that decision-making can be modelled through a particular class of utility functions. These utilities embody a geometry which allows us to classify the types of decision being made when there are conflicting objectives and when decision-makers adopt very different and subjective appraisals of constraints and beliefs in outcome. The experimental results help to demonstrate that the subjective nature of the situation assessment, and the personality, training, experience and history of the decision-maker are central to the functional representations. This paper presents a way to capture this deeper representation of human decision-making in a way that is potentially useful for quantitative modelling using the rapid planning process as a basis. 相似文献
952.
We study percolation in the following random environment: let Z be a Poisson process of constant intensity on ℝ2, and form the Voronoi tessellation of ℝ2 with respect to Z. Colour each Voronoi cell black with probability p, independently of the other cells. We show that the critical probability is 1/2. More precisely, if p>1/2 then the union of the black cells contains an infinite component with probability 1, while if p<1/2 then the distribution of the size of the component of black cells containing a given point decays exponentially. These
results are analogous to Kesten's results for bond percolation in ℤ2.
The result corresponding to Harris' Theorem for bond percolation in ℤ2 is known: Zvavitch noted that one of the many proofs of this result can easily be adapted to the random Voronoi setting.
For Kesten's results, none of the existing proofs seems to adapt. The methods used here also give a new and very simple proof
of Kesten's Theorem for ℤ2; we hope they will be applicable in other contexts as well.
Research supported in part by NSF grant ITR 0225610 and DARPA grant F33615-01-C-1900
Research partially undertaken during a visit to the Forschungsinstitut für Mathematik, ETH Zürich, Switzerland 相似文献
953.
Yu. A. Dobrovolsky P. Jannasch B. Lafitte N. M. Belomoina A. L. Rusanov D. Yu. Likhachev 《Russian Journal of Electrochemistry》2007,43(5):489-501
The 2000–2006 achievements in the field of synthesis, property examination, and application of proton-exchange membranes are reviewed on the basis of more than 120 papers. 相似文献
954.
C. Uranga C. Connell G.M. Borstad L.R. Zink M. Jackson 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2007,88(4):503-505
A three-laser heterodyne system was used to measure the frequencies of twelve previously observed far-infrared laser emissions
from the partially deuterated methanol isotopologues 13CD3OH and CHD2OH. Two laser emissions, a 53.773 μm line from 13CD3OH and a 74.939 μm line from CHD2OH, have also been discovered and frequency measured. The CO2 pump laser offset frequency was measured with respect to its center frequency for twenty-four FIR laser emissions from CH3OH, 13CD3OH and CHD2OH.
PACS 07.57.Hm; 42.55.Lt; 42.62.Eh 相似文献
955.
Oil migration in filled chocolates limits shelf life due to texture changes and loss of visual appeal. Spatial and temporal
oil concentration changes of a two-layer chocolate and peanut butter filling system, which models a filled chocolate, were
monitored by magnetic resonance imaging. Formulations of chocolate varied with respect to particle size, milk fat content
and emulsifier level. Sorption-time experimental data was used to establish the best fit diffusion coefficient for a Fickian
diffusion model. On the basis of the comparison of spatial experimental data to the model, Fickian diffusion alone does not
account for oil migration.
Authors' address: Michael J. McCarthy, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, One Shields Avenue,
Davis, CA 95616, USA 相似文献
956.
We consider in this paper the Lagrangian dual method for solving general integer programming. New properties of Lagrangian
duality are derived by a means of perturbation analysis. In particular, a necessary and sufficient condition for a primal
optimal solution to be generated by the Lagrangian relaxation is obtained. The solution properties of Lagrangian relaxation
problem are studied systematically. To overcome the difficulties caused by duality gap between the primal problem and the
dual problem, we introduce an equivalent reformulation for the primal problem via applying a pth power to the constraints. We prove that this reformulation possesses an asymptotic strong duality property. Primal feasibility
and primal optimality of the Lagrangian relaxation problems can be achieved in this reformulation when the parameter p is larger than a threshold value, thus ensuring the existence of an optimal primal-dual pair. We further show that duality
gap for this partial pth power reformulation is a strictly decreasing function of p in the case of a single constraint.
Dedicated to Professor Alex Rubinov on the occasion of his 65th birthday. Research supported by the Research Grants Council
of Hong Kong under Grant CUHK 4214/01E, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 79970107 and 10571116. 相似文献
957.
958.
959.
The effect of γ-ray irradiation on the magnetic properties of NdFeB and Fe–Cr–Co permanent magnets has been investigated. The magnetic flux loss of two kinds of magnets before and after irradiation was measured. Results show that the effect of γ-ray irradiation on the magnetic properties of sintered NdFeB is not so obvious as that on Fe–Cr–Co magnet. Irradiation-induced damage from γ-ray for the Fe–Cr–Co magnets was characterized for the first time. The decline of permanent magnetic properties of Fe–Cr–Co magnet induced by γ-ray irradiation is reversible except for the maximum energy product (BH)max. The difference of coercivity mechanism between these two kinds of permanent magnets is responsible for the different dependence of magnetic properties loss induced by γ-ray irradiation. 相似文献
960.
Iron oxide catalyst with spinel structure used for dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene is one kind of important catalyst in petrochemical industry. In this work several series of industrial catalyst were prepared with different components and different manufacturing processes. Mössbauer Spectroscopy has been used to determine the optimal components and the better manufacturing process for spinel structure formation. The results may prove useful for producing the industrial dehydrogenation catalyst with better catalytic property. 相似文献