On the relation of two approaches to Rubin's model of brownian particles

The relation between two approaches to Rubin's model of brownian particles is clarified. The Fokker-Planck-like equation for the model is thereby derived.     

An algorithm for generating minimal cutsets of undirected graphs

In this paper, we propose an algorithm for generating minimal cutsets of undirected graphs. The algorithm is based on a blocking mechanism for generating every minimal cutset exactly once. The algorithm has an advantage of not requiring any preliminary steps to find minimal cutsets. The algorithm generates minimal cutsets atO(e · n) {wheree,n = number of (edges, vertices) in the graph} computational effort per cutset. Formal proofs of the algorithm are presented.     

The number of shortest cycles and the chromatic uniqueness of a graph

For a graph G, let g(G) and σ_g(G) denote, respectively, the girth of G and the number of cycles of length g(G) in G. In this paper, we first obtain an upper bound for σ_g(G) and determine the structure of a 2-connected graph G when σ_g(G) attains the bound. These extremal graphs are then more-or-less classified, but one case leads to an unsolved problem. The structural results are finally applied to show that certain families of graphs are chromatically unique.     

High-performance liquid chromatographic method with quantitative comparisons of whole chromatograms of raw and steamed Panax notoginseng

A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method coupled with chromatographic pattern matching was developed to differentiate whole chromatograms of raw and steamed Panax notoginseng objectively and quantitatively. The major peaks differentiating chromatograms of raw and steamed samples were also identified for the first time in this herb. The raw and steamed P. notoginseng roots and its products were successfully differentiated. The quantitative differences between the chromatograms were correlated to the duration of steaming. Chromatographic pattern matching allows rapid, simple, automated, and quantitative comparisons of complex chromatograms. It is a useful tool in ensuring safety and quality of herbal products.     

Hot atom effect on the leachability of elements in solid waste

The effect of neutron irradiation on the leachability of elements in solid wastes comprising of coal fly ash, hospital and municipal incinerator ashes was studied. There was a marked increase in leachability in the neutron irradiated wastes compared to non-irradiated wastes especially for elements such as As, Cd, Co, Cr, Sm and Zn. For elements such as Fe and Sm there was no significant difference in the leachabilities in the irradiated and non-irradiated wastes. The possible causes of this scenario and implications are discussed.