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161.
Dinh Chau N Dulinski M Jodlowski P Nowak J Rozanski K Sleziak M Wachniew P 《Isotopes in environmental and health studies》2011,47(4):415-437
The issue of natural radioactivity in groundwater is reviewed, with emphasis on those radioisotopes which contribute in a significant way to the overall effective dose received by members of the public due to the intake of drinking water originating from groundwater systems. The term 'natural radioactivity' is used in this context to cover all radioactivity present in the environment, including man-made (anthropogenic) radioactivity. Comprehensive discussion of radiological aspects of the presence of natural radionuclides in groundwater, including an overview of current regulations dealing with radioactivity in drinking water, is provided. The presented data indicate that thorough assessments of the committed doses resulting from the presence of natural radioactivity in groundwater are needed, particularly when such water is envisaged for regular intake by infants. They should be based on a precise determination of radioactivity concentration levels of the whole suite of radionuclides, including characterisation of their temporal variability. Equally important is a realistic assessment of water intake values for specific age groups. Only such an evaluation may provide the basis for possible remedial actions. 相似文献
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The solvent effect on acetyl amino acid methyl esters and C- and N-protected di- and tripeptide derivatives has been studied in deuterium oxide (D2O), 1.1.1.3.3.3-hexafluoroisopropanol (HFiP), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and methylene chloride (CH2Cl2). The interpretation is based on the amide I region. For the amino acid derivatives the relative shift of the amide I signal clearly indicates the strength of the interaction with the solvent molecules. However, in HFiP and DMSO solutions the occurrence of two overlapping signals for the amide I and the ester carbonyl signal, respectively, indicates the existence of two major conformers. Knowing the solvent effects on the small amino acid esters allows the assignment of the signals in di- and tripeptide derivatives. Although the identification of turn structures in these flexible molecules is not possible, the band positions and intensity of the deconvoluted amide I region clearly shows that certain conformers can be stabilised. It can be concluded that the band profile in the amide I region is determined by the number of amino acid residues linked in the molecule, the bulkiness of the side chains and their sequence and to a major extend by the solvent properties. 相似文献
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Determination of catechin and epicatechin in the peel of apple varieties resistant and non-resistant to apple scab 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Marek Gołębiowski Edmund Maliński Małgorzata Szankin Mariusz Marszeniuk Monika Paszkiewicz Piotr Stepnowski 《Chemical Papers》2010,64(6):729-733
Catechin and epicatechin were analysed in the peel of six apple cultivars (three resistant and three non-resistant to apple
scab). Two methods of analytical sample preparation following extraction were tested: solid phase extraction and column separation
with Sephadex LH-20 coupled to a differential refractometric detector. Prior to GC and GC-MS analyses, these compounds were
silylized. This permitted co-injection with standards and the comparison of retention values and mass spectra with those recorded
for standards. The content of catechin and epicatechin in apple peel is discussed in relation to the resistance of apple trees
to scab. 相似文献
169.
Sajewicz Mieczysław Wojtal Łukasz Hajnos Michał Waksmundzka-Hajnos Monika Kowalska Teresa 《平面色谱法杂志一现代薄层色谱法》2010,23(4):270-276
JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - In a previous paper we discussed the possibility of fractionating the essential oils of different sage species by low-temperature... 相似文献
170.
Janina Gabrielska Stanisaw Przestalski Adam Miszta Monika Soczyska‐Kordala Marek Langner 《应用有机金属化学》2004,18(1):9-14
Organometallic compounds are widely spread in the human environment sometimes, causing a substantial health risk. Their amphiphilic character enables them to intercalate and penetrate cell membranes, potentially affecting various vital cell functions. Compound adsorption onto the membrane depends on the compound properties, as well as on the membrane composition and state. When adsorbing onto the lipidic surface, phenyltins localize at areas where lipid bilayer organization is compatible with compound spatial requirements. The lipid bilayer is a dynamic and laterally nonuniform structure with complex local and global architecture correlated with a variety of cell functions. The selective binding of a toxic compound to selected membrane areas may, therefore, interfere with some types of cellular process. We present experimental results concerning phenyltin adsorption onto the lipid bilayer surface measured with the fluorescent probe fluorescein‐PE. Model lipid bilayers were formed from lipid mixtures mimicking various plasma membrane regions. The adsorption of Ph3SnCl and P2SnCl2 onto the phosphatidylcholine–cholesterol bilayer was qualitatively different from sphingomyelin–cholesterol. The results presented indicate that phenyltins are likely to accumulate in areas containing phosphatidylcholine, outside of lipid rafts. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献