Complementarity between micro-micro and micro-macro entanglement in a Bose–Einstein condensate with two Rydberg impurities

We theoretically study complementarity between micro-micro and micro-macro entanglement in a Bose–Einstein condensate with two Rydberg impurities. We investigate quantum dynamics of micro-micro and micro-macro entanglement in the micro-macro system. It is found that strong micro-macro entanglement between Rydberg impurities and the BEC can be generated by the use of initial micro-micro entanglement between two Rydberg impurities, which acts as the seed entanglement to create micro-macro entanglement. We demonstrate a curious complementarity relation between micro-micro and micro-macro entanglement, and find that the complementarity property can be sustained to some extent even though in the presence of the BEC decoherence.     

高效液相色谱-电化学检测法测定鼠脑微透析液中谷胱甘肽和半胱氨酸

采用高效液相色谱法,用电化学检测手段成功地测定了沙土鼠脑纹状体微透析液内的谷胱甘肽（ＧＳＨ）和半胱氨酸（Ｃｙｓ）。检测前用电化学自清洗方式能有效地提高玻璃碳电极的检测水平,使其具有较好的重现性和回收率。Ｃｙｓ和ＧＳＨ的回收率分别为９１．４％和８７．３％。电化学检测的工作电压为０．９Ｖ,用外标法定量。由微透析探针获取的纹状体透析液Ｃｙｓ和ＧＳＨ的浓度分别为６８．５９和６５．５４ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ,验证了方法的实用性和可靠性。     

纸张保存的化学

讨论了纸张保存过程中的某些化学问题,对纸张的酸性、酸性来源和纤维系酸催化水解以及影响纸张变质的其它因素进行了分析,评述了近年来在纸张脱酸、脱色和利用新的浆内施胶剂等方面研究取得的一些成果。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱/串联质谱法测定食醋中的3种甜味剂

建立了食醋中3种甜味剂的固相萃取-高效液相色谱/串联质谱分析方法。样品经酸性水稀释,弱阴离子固相萃取柱净化,Pursuit C18色谱柱分离,10 mmol/L醋酸铵(含0.1%氨水)和乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,电喷雾负离子模式下多反应监测(MRM)模式检测。糖精钠、安赛蜜、甜蜜素的定量限分别为10、5、5 μg/kg,回收率为72.1%～96.8%,相对标准偏差小于15%。该方法准确、灵敏度高,可用于食醋中甜味剂的定性定量检验。     

计算烷烃异构体生成焓的新方法

基于作者提出的诱导极性叠加原理,设计了包括与诱导极性叠加总量要关的能量项的烷烃异构体的标准生成焓估算的新方法。与前人方法比较,它具有较高的计算精度,较少的参数,各参数物理意义明确,而且理论上可以推广到含多种杂原子的衍生物的标准生成焓的计算。     

高效液相色谱法测定萨拉沙星

采用高效液相色谱法测定了萨拉沙星。色谱柱为μ－BondapakTMC18柱（3．9mm×300mm）,流动相为V（乙腈）：V（甲醇）：V（2mmol／L磷酸,用三乙胺调pH3．5）＝30：5：65,用二极管阵列检测器检测,检测波长278nm,得到了满意的分离效果。     

钌联吡啶单配体双取代基效应

对钌联吡啶配合物及其单配体的4,4′ 双取代衍生物, 用量子化学密度泛函(DFT)方法在B3LYP/LanL2DZ水平上进行计算.探讨一些强的推电子基团(如－OCH3)和强的拉电子基团(如－NO2)的取代基效应对配合物的电子结构与相关性质,如配位键长、光谱性质等的影响规律,为该类配合物的合成,光、电、催化和生化作用机理分析提供理论参考.     

Light‐Induced Chiral Iron Copper Selenide Nanoparticles Prevent β‐Amyloidopathy In Vivo

The accumulation and deposition of β‐amyloid (Aβ) plaques in the brain is considered a potential pathogenic mechanism underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD). Chiral l/d ‐Fe_xCu_ySe nanoparticles (NPs) were fabricated that interfer with the self‐assembly of Aβ42 monomers and trigger the Aβ42 fibrils in dense structures to become looser monomers under 808 nm near‐infrared (NIR) illumination. d ‐Fe_xCu_ySe NPs have a much higher affinity for Aβ42 fibrils than l ‐Fe_xCu_ySe NPs and chiral Cu_2?xSe NPs. The chiral Fe_xCu_ySe NPs also generate more reactive oxygen species (ROS) than chiral Cu_2?xSe NPs under NIR‐light irradiation. In living MN9D cells, d ‐NPs attenuate the adhesion of Aβ42 to membranes and neuron loss after NIR treatment within 10 min without the photothermal effect. In‐vivo experiments showed that d ‐Fe_xCu_ySe NPs provide an efficient protection against neuronal damage induced by the deposition of Aβ42 and alleviate symptoms in a mouse model of AD, leading to the recovery of cognitive competence.     

Optical Modulation of Azobenzene‐Modified Peptide for Gold Surface Binding

The ability to precisely and remotely modulate reversible binding interactions between biomolecules and abiotic surfaces is appealing for many applications. To achieve this level of control, an azobenzene‐based optical switch is added to nanoparticle‐binding peptides in order to switch peptide conformation and attenuate binding affinity to gold surfaces via binding and dissociation of peptides.     

Energy‐resolved technique for discovery and identification of malonyl‐triterpene saponins in Caulophyllum robustum by UHPLC‐electrospray Fourier transform mass spectrometry

Malonyl‐triterpene saponins (MTSs) attract scientific attentions because of their structural diversities and valuable bioactivities. However, its thermal instability brings a huge amount of challenges for isolation and purification of this class of compounds. To our best knowledge, there has been no report on isolation and analysis of MTSs from genus Caulophyllum. In this study, a strategy combining data acquisition using an energy‐resolved technique and the narrow widow extracted ion chromatograms as data mining method was developed for discovery and identification of MTSs in Caulophyllum robustum hair roots by ultra high liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization Fourier transform mass spectrometry. The method was performed at an independent MS full scan using our bottom‐up energies by in‐source collision induced dissociations with 0, 25, 50 and 100 eV in both positive and negative modes. Precursor ion as well as fragment ion information was simultaneously collected from four energy‐resolved MS spectra in a single run of 18 min. The fragmentation pathways of intact deprotonated, protonated and sodium ions of MTSs were proposed for the structural elucidation of Caulophyllum MTSs. A flowchart involving a stepwise procedure based on key fragments from ESI^?/ESI⁺‐FT‐MS^{(1, 1)} to MS^{(1, 4)} spectra was constructed for the identification of structural elements in the MTSs. As a result, a total of 23 MTSs were discovered and tentatively identified, which had not been reported from Caulophyllum species before. All of these were potentially new compounds. This study provides an excellent example for discovery and identification of MTSs in herb medicines. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.