TheΛ b →Λ c decay form factors

The recently measured cross-sections for diffractive dissociation of nuclei in high-energy proton nucleus (pA) collisions show a strikingA ^1/3 dependence on the target massA. Such a dependence emerges from an optical model which incorporates a simple mechanism to produce the absorption fluctuations required for inelastic diffraction. The observed momentum transfer (t) dependence of the differential cross-section, dσ/dt∝ exp(?B|t|), is described in terms of a correlation length \(R_F = \sqrt {2B} \) of the absorption fluctuations which turns out to be of the size of a nucleon. The excitation massM dependence, dσ/dM ²∝M ^?2, is explained by a bremsstrahlung mechanism.     

Octet-baryon form factors in the diquark model

We present an alternative parameterization of the quark-diquark model of baryons which particularly takes care of the most recent proton electric form-factor data from the E136 experiment at SLAC. In addition to electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon, for which good agreement with data is achieved, we discuss the weak axial vector form factor of the nucleon as well as electromagnetic form factors of and hyperons. Technical advance in calculating the pertinent analytic expressions within perturbative quantum chromodynamics is gained by formulating the wave function of the quark-diquark system in a covariant way. Finally, we also comment on the influence of Sudakov corrections within the scope of the diquark model.Sponsored in part by the Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technologie, Germany, under contract number 06 Wu 737     

Coherent versus incoherent quark fragmentation picture

We study the helicity density matrix of vector mesons produced ine ⁺ e ^? interactions at high energies through the two step process \(e^ + e^ - \to q\bar q \to VX\) . Whereas in the usual incoherent fragmentation picture in which each quark decays independently, ρ(V) is predicted to be diagonal, we find that final state interactions (coherent fragmentation) give rise to a non-vanishing ρ_1-1(V). Various corrections to the standard picture such as, e.g., gluon bremsstrahlung, quark masses, transverse momenta, are shown to be small. Therefore, any significant non-zero value of ρ_1-1(V) found experimentally can be considered as a clear measurement of coherence effects.     

Largep cT cross-section differences as tests of quark-gluon scattering

It is shown that certain cross-section differences, such as \(d\sigma (p\bar p \to CX) - d\sigma (p\bar p \to \bar CX)\) or \(d\sigma (pp \to CX) - d\sigma (pp \to \bar CX)\) provide a more direct and stringent test of the QCD partonic picture than do the individual cross-sections. In particular they are very sensitive to quark-gluon scattering and to the three-gluon vertex. They also provide a severe test of the evolution of the distribution functions into a new régime ofQ ². We carry out detailed numerical studies for π andK production, at ISR and collider energies. We find very good agreement with the recent ISR data onpp→π^± x. The cross-section differences for \(p\bar p\) collisions are predicted to be also large and measurable with significant accuracy.     

Kerbspannungsanalyse anisotrop faserverstärkter Scheiben

Übersicht Da Kerben vor allem die versagensrelevanten Schwachstellen einer Konstruktion darstellen, ist für die Auslegung von Faserverbundbauteilen in besonderem Maße ein Kerbspannungsnachweis geboten. Denn bei anisotropen Werkstoffen sind die maximalen Kerbspannungsfaktoren erheblich höher als bei den herkömmlichen isotropen Werkstoffen, wobei das Kerbspannungsverhalten stark vom AnisotropiegradE /E des Faserverbundes sowie von geometrie- und belastungsspezifischen Kenngrößen abhängt. Das ebene Kerbspannungsfeld wird mittels der Methode der konformen Abbildung durch komplexwertige Spannungsfunktionen ermittelt. Dabei dient als mathematisches Modell die anisotrope homogene Scheibe unendlicher Ausdehnung mit verschiedenen Ausschnittskonturen. Für einige Standardfälle von Kerbkonturen und Belastungsarten sowie im Leichtbau eingesetzten Faserverbundwerkstoffen wird der Kerbspannungsfaktor in Abhängigkeit allfälliger Einflußparameter untersucht. Im einzelnen handelt es sich dabei um folgende Konstruktionsparameter: Kerbform, Faser/Matrix-Kombination, Art und Richtung der Belastung, Faserorientierung.

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Stress concentration in notched anisotropically fibre-reinforced plates

Summary As notches represent the most relevant sites of failure in a construction, a calculation of the stress distribution around holes is essential for the design of fibre-reinforced materials. Especially in the case of anisotropic materials the maximal stress concentration factor on the cutout is considerably higher than in conventional isotropic materials. In fibre-reinforced materials the stress distribution around holes is strongly dependent on the degree of anisotropyE /E as well as on the notch geometry and load parameters. The plain stress field around a notch of known geometry will be calculated by means of the method of conformal mapping and complex stress functions, based on the mathematical model of an infinite anisotropic plate with various shapes of the aperture. For some standard types of notches and load cases, the stress concentration factor as a function of various construction parameters will be studied for fibre-reinforced materials used in lightweight construction. Particularly, the following construction parameters are considered: Hole geometry, fibre/matrix combination, load cases and directions orientation of fibres.

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Zum 80. Geburtstag Herrn Univ.-Prof. (em.) Dr. Manfred Schäfer gewidmet.     

Gold-Catalyzed Regioselective Dimerization of Aliphatic Terminal Alkynes

A gold-catalyzed regioselective homodimerization of aliphatic terminal alkynes is described. Bulky and less Lewis acidic tBuXPhosAuNTf(2) is the preferred catalyst, and the additive, anhydrous NaOAc, substantially facilitates the reaction.     

Tailoring Chimeric Ligands for Studying and Biasing ErbB Receptor Family Interactions

Described is the development and application of a versatile semisynthetic strategy, based on a combination of sortase‐mediated coupling and tetrazine ligation chemistry, which can be exploited for the efficient incorporation of tunable functionality into chimeric recombinant proteins. To demonstrate the scope of the method, the assembly of a set of bivalent ligands, which integrate members of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) ligand family, is described. By using a series of bivalent EGFs with variable intraligand spacing, the differences in structure were correlated with the ability to bias signaling in the ErbB receptor family in a cell motility assay. Biasing away from EGFR‐HER2 dimerization with a bivalent EGF was observed to reduce cell motility in an intraligand distance‐dependent fashion, thus demonstrating the utility of the approach for acutely perturbing receptor‐mediated cell signaling pathways.     

Platinum Complexes Containing Pyramidalized Germanium and Tin Dihalide Ligands Bound through σ,σ ME Multiple Bonds

We present the isolation of the first mononuclear dihalogermylene, and mono‐ and dinuclear stannylene complexes of transition metals. These exhibit exceptionally pyramidalized Group 14 centers. Additionally, removal of the halide substituents from the Ge/Sn atom was successfully performed in two ways, halide abstraction and reduction, leading to a variety of unusual structural motifs.     

A density functional study of phosphorus nitride P3N5: refined geometries,properties, and relative stability of alpha-P3N5 and gamma-P3N5 and a further possible high-pressure phase delta-P3N5 with kyanite-type structure

The crystal structures and the enthalpy-pressure phase diagram of P(3)N(5) were investigated by using density functional methods. Applying both approximations to the electron exchange and correlation gives a consistent picture for the two known polymorphs, alpha-P(3)N(5) and gamma-P(3)N(5). The calculated zone-center phonon modes compare very well with the experimental results. They indicate low-frequency bending modes for two-coordinate N atoms of alpha-P(3)N(5), which are responsible for a C2/c --> C c structural modulation of alpha-P(3)N(5) at moderate pressures. alpha-P(3)N(5) transforms into gamma-P(3)N(5) at pressures of about 6 GPa. We propose gamma-P(3)N(5) transforms into a delta-P(3)N(5) with Kyanite-type structure at pressures exceeding 43 GPa. Upon quenching, this triclinic modification of P(3)N(5) is likely to distort into a more symmetric monoclinic structure.