Some Algebraic and Analytical Properties of Coquaternion Algebra

The aim of this work is to prove some basic properties of coquaternions and to find the zeros of polynomials involving coquaternionic elements. We also provide some expansions of hyperholomorphic function on coquaternion algebra by using Fueter polynomials.     

Modelling the effect of tuberculosis on the spread of HIV infection in a population with density-dependent birth and death rate

A nonlinear mathematical model is proposed to study the effect of tuberculosis on the spread of HIV infection in a logistically growing human population. The host population is divided into four sub classes of susceptibles, TB infectives, HIV infectives (with or without TB) and that of AIDS patients. The model exhibits four equilibria namely, a disease free, HIV free, TB free and an endemic equilibrium. The model has been studied qualitatively using stability theory of nonlinear differential equations and computer simulation. We have found a threshold parameter R₀ which is if less than one, the disease free equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable otherwise for R₀>1, at least one of the infections will be present in the population. It is shown that the positive endemic equilibrium is always locally stable but it may become globally stable under certain conditions showing that the disease becomes endemic. It is found that as the number of TB infectives decreases due to recovery, the number of HIV infectives also decreases and endemic equilibrium tends to TB free equilibrium. It is also observed that number of AIDS individuals decreases if TB is not associated with HIV infection. A numerical study of the model is also performed to investigate the influence of certain key parameters on the spread of the disease.     

Computational complexity of convoy movement planning problems

Convoy movement planning problems arise in a number of important logistical contexts, including military planning, railroad optimization and automated guided vehicle routing. In the convoy movement problem (CMP), a set of convoys, with specified origins and destinations, are to be routed with the objective of minimizing either makespan or total flow time, while observing a number of side constraints. This paper characterizes the computational complexity of several restricted classes of CMPs. The principal objective is to identify the most parsimonious set of problem features that make the CMP intractable. A polynomial-time algorithm is provided for the single criterion two-convoy movement problem. The performance of a simple prioritization–idling approximation algorithm is also analyzed for the K-convoy movement problem. Error bounds are developed for the makespan and flow time objectives.     

Slant Lightlike Submanifolds of Indefinite Cosymplectic Manifolds

In this paper, we introduce the notion of a slant lightlike submanifold of an indefinite Cosymplectic manifold. We provide a nontrivial example and obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a slant lightlike submanifold. Also, we give an example of a minimal slant lightlike submanifold of R⁹₂{R^{9}_{2}} and prove some characterization Theorems.     

On the supersingular reduction of elliptic curves

Let a∈Q and denote byE _a the curvey ² = (x ² + l)(x + a). We prove thatE _a(F_p) is cyclic for infinitely many primesp. This fact was known previously only under the assumption of the generalized Riemann hypothesis. Research partially supported by NSERC grant A9418.     

Facile synthesis of α-iodo carbonyl compounds and α-iodo dimethyl ketals using molecular iodine and trimethylorthoformate

A novel and direct method for the synthesis of α-iodo ketones and α-iodo dimethyl ketals from acetophenones using iodine and trimethylorthoformate under neutral conditions is described herein.     

Transverse Orbital Stability of Periodic Traveling Waves for Nonlinear Klein–Gordon Equations

In this paper, we establish the orbital stability of a class of spatially periodic wave train solutions to multidimensional nonlinear Klein–Gordon equations with periodic potential. We show that the orbit generated by the one‐dimensional wave train is stable under the flow of the multidimensional equation under perturbations which are, on one hand, coperiodic with respect to the translation or Galilean variable of propagation, and, on the other hand, periodic (but not necessarily coperiodic) with respect to the transverse directions. That is, we show their transverse orbital stability. The class of periodic wave trains under consideration is the family of subluminal rotational waves, which are periodic in the momentum but unbounded in their position.