Some laws governing the disproportionation of ions in condensed media

The laws governing the variation of the activation energy and the rate constant of the disproportionation of ions as functions of their oxidation number, the principal quantum number, the number of electrons in the valence shell, the symmetry of the arrangement of the ligands and their nature, and the outer-sphere environment have been substantiated.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental/naya Khimiya, Vol. 26, No. 5, pp. 591–596, September–October, 1990.     

Kinetics of the reduction of water by activated aluminum powder

Experimental investigations of the kinetics of reduction of water when it is reacted with activated aluminum suggest that the mechanisms for the processes at low and high temperatures differ in the activation energy and the pre-exponential factor. This is explained on the basis of the theory we developed previously for electron transfers from the solid phase to antibonding orbitals of the H₂O via tunneling and activation mechanisms.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 238–242, July–August, 1995.     

Neutron yields upon irradiation of thick targets by ions with energies below 1.75 MeV/Nucleon

The yields of neutrons produced in thick LiF, Be, C, Al, Al₂O₃, and Cu targets irradiated by Li, C, and N ions with energies below 1.75 MeV/nucleon are measured on the DC-60 cyclotron at the Institute of Nuclear Physics, Astana Branch, Kazakhstan. The experimental angular distributions of the neutron yields from the targets are measured and an empirical equation to describe the distributions is proposed. The measured neutron yields are compared with the figures calculated by the LISE++ program. The measured and predicted neutron yields in the reactions coincide to within a factor of 2.     

Effect of the viscosity properties of ICE on the deflection of an ICE sheet subjected to a moving load

Steady-state rectilinear motion of a load on an ice sheet modeled by a viscoelastic plate is considered. The viscoelastic properties of ice are described using the linear Maxwell and Kelvin-Voigt models and a generalized Maxwell-Kelvin model. Calculated vertical displacements and strains of the ice plate are compared with available experimental data. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 50, No. 3, pp. 147–157, May–June, 2009.     

Numerical solution of the problem of the effect of a shock pulse on an ice sheet

A mathematical formulation of the problem is given. A method is proposed to determine the initial velocities of points of an ice sheet subjected to a point shock pulse. An example of calculation of ice-sheet deflections is considered. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 49, No. 2, pp. 152–159, March–April, 2008.     

Synthesis and investigation of stable copper nanoparticle colloids

The synthesis of stable nanoparticle colloids by laser ablation of the copper target in water and fragmentation of Cu + CuO nanopowder with pulsed fiber laser irradiation with a wavelength of 1064 nm and pulse duration of 100 ns has been investigated experimentally. The influence of the technological parameters on the nanoparticle size and stability of the colloid has been studied. It has been shown that the laser ablation creates the CuO spherical nanoparticles. Subsequent fragmentation makes it possible to reduce the nanoparticle size in a colloid and to produce a stable colloidal solution from an aqueous suspension of Cu + CuO nanopowder.     

Kinetics and mechanism of gallium discharge and ionization in an alkaline solution of potassium fluoride

Mechanism of gallium discharge and ionization on a liquid gallium electrode in a fluoride-alkaline electrolyte was studied. The exchange currents, transfer coefficients in the cathodic and anodic processes, and the activation energy of the electrode process were determined. The conditions in which gallium(I) ion-intermediates are formed were analyzed. The coordination numbers of the gallium complexes formed in alkaline fluoride solutions were calculated.     

Mononuclear,polynuclear, and cluster complexes of molybdenum and their reactions as models of biochemical systems and processes

Data on the composition, structure, and properties (electronic and geometric structure, optical properties, thermodynamic functions) of mononuclear, polynuclear, and cluster complexes of bi-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexavalent molybdenum are summarized and correlated. The thermodynamics, kinetics, and mechanisms of the ligand exchange, protonation deprotonation, redox reactions, and formation decomposition of cluster cores of molybdenum complexes in aqueous solutions are characterized.