Variations of natural 15N abundances in the tissues and digesta of domestic animals

The natural abundance of 15N (expressed as delta 15N per mil relative to air N2) in the tissues and the change of 15N abundance during the digestion processess in cattle, pig, and goat were investigated. The 15N abundances of cattle tissues differed by about 3.5% with high values in heart, urinary bladder and diaphragm. The ages of cattle did not affect on the 15N abundances of liver and kidney in cattle. The 15N abundances of urine were lower, and those of feces were a little higher than the values of diets in cattle and pigs. The delta 15N values of milk and blood were higher than the value of diets. Two peaks of 15N abundances at forestomach and caecum were observed during the digestion processes of diet in goats. The mechanisms of the variation of 15N abundances in animal bodies were briefly discussed.     

Contribution of Absorptive and Refractive Gratings to Mixed Holograms Using Xanthene-Dye-Doped Films

The contribution of absorptive and refractive gratings to a mixed hologram is investigated by means of two-wave coupling technique by moving a hologram. Polyvinyl alcohol films doped with xanthene-dyes such as erythrosin B,eosin Y, uranin and fluorescein which absorb an argon-ion laser light of 488 nm and 515 nm are used as hologram recording materials in our experiment. A simple model of the two-level one-step photo-bleaching well explains the growth of an absorptive grating and the refractive index and also the working wavelength dependence of growth of the refractive grating in the xanthene-dye-doped films.     

Study of basic nuclear properties of highly-charged, unstable nuclei at the SIS-FRS-ESR complex

Recent progress in experiments with exotic nuclear beams at the SIS-FRS-ESR facility is summarized. New results on gross properties of exotic nuclei like binding energy, half-lives, and decay modes are presented. A brief outlook to future experiments is given.     

Crystallization of inorganic compounds in polymer solutions. Part I: Control of shape and form of calcium carbonate

Calcium carbonate was precipitated by mixing aqueous solutions of sodium carbonate and calcium nitrate in the presence of water-soluble polymers. When the former was poured into the latter, in which a certain amount of sodium poly(styrenesulfonate) was dissolved, monodisperse spherical crystals were created. The crystal form was vaterite, although, in the absence of the polymer, calcite crystals were obtained in rhombic shape. The factors deciding the shape and form of the crystal were investigated and the role of polymer in the formation of unique crystals was discussed.     

Asymmetric reactions catalyzed by chiral metal complexes : XXXII. Efficient asymmetric hydrogenation of itaconic acid derivatives catalyzed by rhodium complexes of improved (2S,4S)-N-(t-butoxycarbonyl)-4-(diphenylphosphino)-2-[(diphenylphosphino)methyl]pyrrolidine (BPPM) analogues

We have prepared analogues of (2S,4S)-N-(t-butoxycarbonyl)-4-(diphenylphosphino)-2-[(diphenylphsphino)methyl]pyrrolidine (BPPM), bearing para-dimethyl-amino groups to prove the utility of our designing concept with regard to electronic effects of the phosphino groups on the enantioselectivity and the activity of the rhodium complex catalysts. Their rhodium complexes are much more effective than those of BPPM and (2S,4S)-N-(t-butoxycarbonyl)-4-(dicyclohexylphosphino)-2-[(diphenylphosphino)methyl]pyrrolidine (BCPM) for the asymmetric hydrogenation of dimethyl itaconate. The hydrogenation has also been used successfully in an efficient asymmetric synthesis of the key intermediate of new human renin inhibitors.