Test of advanced hyperfine structure theory by precision radio-frequency and laser spectroscopy in molybdenum

The hyperfine structure splittings of 32 even parity states and of 26 odd partity states of molybdenum have been measured by atomic beam magnetic resonance and by laser induced fluorescence. The analysis of the hyperfine structure data of the even parity configurations (4d+5s)⁶ yields experimental evidence for second order hyperfine interactions. In addition, theg _J factors of 19 fine structure levels have been determined in order to test the quality of intermediate coupling wave functions for the (4d+5s)⁶ configurations.     

UV Curable Hard Transparent Hybrid Coating Materials on Polycarbonate Prepared by the Sol-Gel Method

UV curable, hard, transparent inorganic/organic composites with covalent links between the inorganic and the organic networks were prepared by the sol-gel method. These hybrid coating materials were synthesized using a commercially available, acrylate end-capped polyester or polyurethane oligomeric resin (EBC80, EBC284), hexanedioldiacrylate (HDDA) as a reactive solvent, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propoxymethacrylate (TMSPM) as a coupling agent between the organic and inorganic phase, and a metal alkoxide, tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS). The materials were applied on primer or oxygen plasma pretreated polycarbonate sheets and UV cured, followed by a thermal treatment to give a transparent coating with a good adhesion and abrasion resistance. The high transmission and the thermogravimetric behavior indicate the presence of a nanoscale hybrid composite, as is confirmed by SAXS and TEM measurements. In a Taber Abrasion Test, uncoated polycarbonate sheets exhibit a 48% decrease in light transmittance at 600 nm after 300 wear cycles, whereas the EBC80 hybrid coating system containing 9 wt% SiO₂ (EBC80/25Si) shows only 28% decrease in light transmittance. A maximal improvement of the abrasion resistance is achieved when 23 wt% SiO₂ is incorporated (EBC80/60Si, EBC284/60Si) with only 20% decrease in light transmittance. The abrasion resistance of glass is not yet encountered. For optimal results, it is essential that the rate of condensation of the silanol groups is sufficiently high to form a dense three-dimensional network.     

The determination of nitrofurantoin and some structurally related drugs in biological fluids by high-pressure liquid chromatography

A method for the determination of therapeutic concentrations of nitro-furantoin in plasma and urine is described; after extraction of the drug and the internal standard (2,6-dinitrophenol), the extract is concentrated and injected onto a reversed-phase Chromatographic system. A blank chromatogram shows no interfering peaks when detection is carried out at 365 nm. The limit of detection (ca. 10 ng ml^-1 for a 1-ml plasma sample) is about two orders of magnitude better than with existing methods. Some structurally related drugs can be extracted, chromatographed, and determined in the same way.     

Determination of the number of automated guided vehicles required at a semi-automated container terminal

This paper describes the development of a minimum flow algorithm to determine the number of automated guided vehicles (AGVs) required at a semi-automated container terminal. At such a terminal the containers are transported by AGVs from the quay cranes to the automated stacking cranes and vice versa. A model and a strongly polynomial time algorithm are developed to solve the case in which containers are available for transport at known time instants.     

Minimizing makespan and throughput times at Aalsmeer flower auction

At Bloemenveiling Aalsmeer (VBA), about 19 million flowers have to be distributed daily to customers in a building of 1 million?m² within a few hours. With the increasing daily number of customer orders, the congestion in the main distribution area increases. As a consequence, the makespan exceeds the available time, and flowers arrive too late at the customers. This paper investigates the concept of zoning in the distribution process, where distributors work in teams for a fixed group of customers in a specific zone of the distribution area. Customers are assigned to zones to balance workload. We show by simulation that this way of organizing the distribution process reduces congestion and leads to considerable improvements in both makespan and transaction lead time.     

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