Derriswurzel Rotenon

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Diffusion coefficient of 36Cl in silver chloride

Diffusion coefficient of 36Cl in silver chloride was revealed to be about 1 x 10(-10)-4 x 10(-11) cm2 . s-1 in the range of 400 degrees C-200 degrees C by means of radioactive tracer measurements. Activation energy for diffusion was calculated about 0.13 eV. These results were different from those obtained by Maurer and Compton.     

Preparation and characterization of silica-pillared derivatives from kanemite

The silica-pillared derivatives from kanemite (NaHSi(2)O(5).3H(2)O) were prepared by intercalation of dialkyldimethylammonium (DADMA) ion and pillaring with tetraethylorthosilicate. The formation of silica pillars between the silicate sheets was demonstrated by X-ray diffraction, (29)Si CP/MAS NMR, and TEM observation. The basal spacing depended on the chain length of DADMA. Nitrogen adsorption study showed that the specific surface area was enlarged over 1000 m(2) g(-1) by the pillaring and that the pore size was in the micropore region. Water and benzene adsorption isotherms revealed that the surface properties of the pillared derivatives show hydrophobic character.     

Application of photoactive yellow protein as a photoresponsive module for controlling hemolytic activity of staphylococcal α-hemolysin

A chimeric protein (N-PYP-Hla), consisting of staphylococcal pore-forming toxin α-hemolysin (Hla) and photoactive yellow protein (PYP), exhibited photoresponsive hemolytic activities, where visible light irradiation gave rise to retardation of hemolysis at 25 °C.     

Radical reaction of chlorophyll derivatives triggered by AIBN

Radical reactions of a C3-vinylated chlorophyll derivative, methyl pyropheophorbide-a, which were induced by thiols and the conventional initiator azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) were examined in vitro for the first time. Thiyl radicals attacked regioselectively at the sole C3-vinyl group, and the anti-Markovnikov sulfanyl adducts were obtained as major products. The other peripheral substituents, as well as the chlorin macrocycle, remained intact. The AIBN-induced radical reaction competed with co-oxidation that afforded the C3-formyl chlorin. This method can open new routes to derivatization of vinyl chlorins.     

Supported molybdena catalysts: Characterization of oxidized,reduced, and sulfided MoO3 prepared by an adsorption method

Highly dispersed molybdena-titania catalyst can be prepared by an equilibrium adsorption method. In this method, molybdate anions adsorb onto the positively charged titania surfaces via electrostatic attraction by controlling the pH of the impregnating solution and they increase as an inverse function of the pH. ⁹⁵Mo-NMR and UV spectroscopic studies of impregnating solution show that the polymeric species like Mo₇O₂₄ ⁶-ions are adsorbed on titania in the acidic impregnating solution. XRD, Raman, and XPS data of the calcined samples show that mono-layer coverage of molybdenum oxide over-layer possesses a highly distorted MoO₆ group with a molecular geometry resembling the distorted square pyramid. The catalytic oxidation of methanol over the surface molybdate species on titania possesses higher turnover numbers and higher selectivities of partial oxidation products than the catalysts supported on alumina, silica, zirconia, or magnesia. Changes of the surface properties either after reduction and sulfiding treatment over monolayer catalyst on titania have also been investigated. The NO chemisorption and XPS studies show that two types of active sites appeared after reduction treatment: one site is active for hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene and the other site is active for metathesis of propene. A higher degree coordinative unsaturations of MO is required for hydrogenation than metathesis. After sulfiding treatments of the catalyst, hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene also requires triply coordinative unsaturation, and hydrogenolysis of thiophene requires the ensemble of doubly or triply coordinative unsaturations.     

High-fidelity teleportation beyond the no-cloning limit and entanglement swapping for continuous variables

We experimentally demonstrate continuous-variable quantum teleportation beyond the no-cloning limit. We teleport a coherent state and achieve the fidelity of 0.70 +/- 0.02 that surpasses the no-cloning limit of 2/3. Surpassing the limit is necessary to transfer the nonclassicality of an input quantum state. By using our high-fidelity teleporter, we demonstrate entanglement swapping, namely, teleportation of quantum entanglement, as an example of transfer of nonclassicality.     

Effects of ZnS:Mn/AlN multilayer structure on luminescent properties of nanostructured thin-film EL device

Effects of ZnS:Mn/AlN multilayer structure on luminescent properties of nanostructured (NS) thin-film electroluminescent (TFEL) device of which emission layer is a multilayer composed with ZnS:Mn layers and 0.7-nm-thick AlN interlayers were studied. The bandgap widening and the increased PL efficiency of Mn²⁺ 3d-3d transitions with a decrease in the ZnS:Mn single-layer thickness down to 5 nm were observed, which is ascribed to quantum confinement effects. Meanwhile, the multilayer with 2-nm-thick ZnS:Mn single-layers shows a drop of PL efficiency, indicating the presence of defective region just on AlN. The tendency of the luminous efficiency of the NS-TFEL device against the ZnS:Mn single-layer thickness is similar to the tendency found in the PL efficiency, indicating the importance of the ZnS:Mn/AlN interface for the device performance.     

Anodic electrodeposition of highly oriented zirconium phosphate and polyaniline-intercalated zirconium phosphate films

Films of highly oriented alpha-zirconium phosphate and polyaniline-intercalated zirconium phosphate with controllable thickness in the micrometer range were grown anodically on Pt electrodes. To optimize the electrodeposition conditions, the exfoliation of alpha-zirconium phosphate by tetrabutylammonium (TBA) salts was investigated in several nonaqueous solvents. Acetonitrile was found to be the best solvent for making crack-free, oriented films because of its high vapor pressure, low viscosity, and relatively high permittivity. With TBA salts of neutral or weakly acidic anions (TBACl, TBABr, TBAI, TBA(HSO4), or TBA(H2PO4)), full exfoliation did not occur and alpha-zirconium phosphate and/or polyaniline were deposited as rough films. With basic anions (TBAF or TBAOH), dense, adherent films were obtained. X-ray diffraction patterns of the films showed that they were highly oriented along the stacking axis. The thickness could be controlled, up to about 40 microm, by limiting the time of the electrodeposition reaction. At monomer concentrations below 1.0 x 10(-2) mol/dm3, the emeraldine form of the intercalated polymer was obtained. Electrodeposition thus provides a thick film alternative to layer-by-layer assembly for intercalation compounds of alpha-zirconium phosphate with a conducting polymer.