A note on the estimation of critical Mach numbers for compressible flow

Summary A method for estimating values of critical free stream Mach numbers is devised for flows past aerofoils. It is based on a variational formulation of the boundary value problem for compressible inviscid flow. The method is applied to two-dimensional flow past ellipses, and fairly good agreement with other estimates is obtained for thick ellipses.

---

Zusammenfassung Es wird eine Methode zur Abschätzung der kritischen Anström-Mach-Zahl der freien Umströmung von Tragflügeln entwickelt. Sie beruht auf einer variationstheoretischen Formulierung des Randwertproblemes für die kompressible nicht-zähe Strömung. Die Methode wird auf die zwei-dimensionale Umströmung von Ellipsen angewandt. Die Übereinstimmung der Ergebnisse mit anderen Abschätzungen für den Fall dicker Ellipsen ist befriedigend.

     

Ion acoustic waves in the presence of electron plasma waves

Long-wavelength ion acoustic waves in the presence of propagating short-wavelength electron plasma waves are examined. The influence of the high frequency oscillations is to decrease the phase velocity and the damping distance of the ion wave.     

Bandcrossing inK≠0 bands

It is shown that in the crossing of two bands withK≠0 in deformed nuclei, two new effects are observed that are not seen in the crossing ofK=0 bands; namely, a)I _critical at which the bands cross is lowered and b) Band crossing occurs at different values ofI _crit for oddI (orI+1/2 in oddA) and evenI (orI+1/2). These predictions are shown to be observed in the odd-A rare-earth nuclei where data are available to high spin.     

Cross sections and reaction mechanisms of (p,pxn) reactions on 208Pb in the 24–52 MeV range

The cross sections for the reactions ²⁰⁸Pb(p, pn)^207mPb, ²⁰⁸Pb(p, p2n)^206mPb have been measured for 24, 28, 36, 44 and 52 MeV incident protons. The experimental results are shown to be consistent with the clean knockout mechanism for the (p, pn) reaction and with knockout of one neutron followed by evaporation of another for the (p, p2n) reaction. We deduce a theoretical formula for the cross section for these reactions.     

Generation of fluorescent adducts of malondialdehyde and amino acids: toward an understanding of lipofuscin

Lipofuscin is a yellow-brown, highly fluorescent pigment that undergoes an age-related progressive accumulation in animal cells, mainly in postmitotic cells. It is a heterogeneous, high-molecular weight material associated with proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Lipofuscin is implicated in many aspects of human health, including aging, oxidative stress, macular degeneration, lipid peroxidation, atherosclerosis, dementia (Alzheimer's Disease) and diseases associated with prions. Although the fluorescent properties of lipofuscin have long been recognized, neither histologists nor chemists have yet isolated the pigments themselves or characterized their optical properties. We have prepared lipofuscinlike species by reacting malondialdehyde (MDA) with cysteine (Cys). MDA:Cys adducts 3:2 and 2:2 are two of those that have been identified among the many that were present in the reaction. Whereas previous attempts to synthesize lipofuscinlike species resulted in compounds that were either nonfluorescent or emitted principally in the blue, the MDA:Cys adducts reported in this study are not only fluorescent but also emit over a broader range.