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31.
Keisuke Fujikawa Shushi Suzuki Yuichiro Koike Wang-Jae Chun Kiyotaka Asakura 《Surface science》2006,600(10):117-121
We have studied the growth mode and morphology of Ni clusters on a TiO2(1 1 0) surface with a wide terrace using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) at a low coverage (less than 3 atoms nm−2). The Ni clusters are formed on the terrace at the low coverage of 0.2 atoms nm−2. Their average dimensions are constant in three directions up to 1 atoms nm−2. The Ni clusters have an oval shape with average sizes of 1.8 nm (along [0 0 1]) × 1.4 nm (along (in the [1 1 0] directions). Above the coverage of 1.0 atoms nm−2, an increase in the cluster height occurs, retaining an almost constant lateral size. It is proposed that the interaction of the Ni cluster and the support surface regulates the Ni cluster size. 相似文献
32.
Seiichi Yamamoto Shuji Koyama Chiyo Yamauchi-Kawaura Masataka Komori 《Optical Review》2017,24(3):428-435
It is commonly thought that UV or visible-light luminescence imaging of biological subjects during X-ray irradiation at the energy below 120 keV is impossible because the secondary electrons produced in this energy range do not emit Cerenkov light. Contrary to this consensus, we found UV or visible-light luminescence imaging of the subjects were possible with X-ray irradiations of this energy range. We placed one of the biological subjects in a black box; visible-light luminescence images were measured with a high-sensitivity, cooled charge coupled device (CCD) camera during X-ray irradiation at energy below 120 keV. We also conducted the imaging of air without subjects during irradiation of the same X-ray. The biological subjects emitted visible-light luminescence, and the imaging was possible with the irradiation of the X-ray below 120 keV. The luminescence images were observed in only the X-ray irradiated areas. Also air luminescence images could be obtained and the intensity of the luminescence measured from the images was proportionally increased with the exposure dose. UV or visible-light luminescence imaging of biological subjects was possible during X-ray irradiations lower energy than the Cerenkov-light threshold. The phenomenon was different from general X-ray fluorescence because wavelength of the luminescence is UV or visible-light. The luminescence imaging method is promising for estimating the irradiated area with X-ray, which could be used for interventional radiology (IVR). Also air luminescence imaging would be applied to the exposure dose distribution measurements for X-ray of diagnostic X-ray systems. 相似文献
33.
Minoru Koyama Dr. Takafumi Kawakami Dr. Takashi Okazoe Prof. Dr. Kyoko Nozaki 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,25(46):10913-10917
Methacrylic esters, represented by methyl methacrylate (MMA), are widely used as commodity chemicals. Here, the one-pot synthesis of methacrylic esters from acetone, a haloform and alcohols in the presence of an organic base is described. Using DBU as the organic base for the reaction of acetone, chloroform and methanol in acetonitrile afforded MMA in 66 % yield. When the solvent was replaced by benzonitrile, the product MMA was successfully purified by distillation. Applicability of this process to various alcohols was also investigated to show ethyl, phenyl, CF3CH2, and n-C6F13CH2CH2 esters were obtained in moderate yields. The use of bromoform instead of chloroform resulted in the improvement of the yield, for example, methyl and n-C6F13CH2CH2 esters up to 81 and 70 %, respectively. The reaction with deuterated starting materials acetone-d6 and MeOH-d4, with DBU in acetonitrile afforded deuterated MMA (MMA-d8) in 70 % yield. 相似文献
34.
We examine the role of the non-locality of the potential in the two-body scattering by taking the nucleon-Σ system as an example. We employ a non-local potential for the nucleon-Σ channel which has the characteristic features of the quark model and reproduces the phase shifts of widely used local potentials. We use inverse scattering methods to obtain the equivalent local potential from the non-local potential, and show that the obtained local potential has a strong short range repulsion. 相似文献
35.
We present the spot size dependence of dielectric multilayer filters for use in dense WDM systems. We found large dependences of filter performances on the spot size and the incident angle of input light, which should be important for miniaturizing multi-channel add/drop filters. 相似文献
36.
H. Ohta M. Kimata K. Koyama Y. Oshima M. Motokawa H. Nishikawa K. Kikuchi I. Ikemoto 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》2005,26(11):1525-1530
We have developed a new magneto-optical measurement system using a rotational cavity system equipped with a millimeter vector
network analyzer and a 14 T solenoid type super conducting magnet. The measurement can be performed in the transmission configuration
down to 1.6 K. The results of the precise angular dependence measurement of quasi-one-dimensional organic conductor (DMET)2I3 using the new system are shown, and its Fermi surface will be discussed in connection with the previous reports. 相似文献
37.
Bo Huang Hirokazu Kobayashi Tomokazu Yamamoto Takaaki Toriyama Syo Matsumura Yoshihide Nishida Katsutoshi Sato Katsutoshi Nagaoka Masaaki Haneda Wei Xie Yusuke Nanba Michihisa Koyama Fenglong Wang Shogo Kawaguchi Yoshiki Kubota Hiroshi Kitagawa 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,131(8):2252-2257
Ru is an important catalyst in many types of reactions. Specifically, Ru is well known as the best monometallic catalyst for oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) and has been practically used in residential fuel cell systems. However, Ru is a minor metal, and the supply risk often causes violent fluctuations in the price of Ru. Performance‐improved and cost‐reduced solid‐solution alloy nanoparticles of the Cu‐Ru system for CO oxidation are now presented. Over the whole composition range, all of the CuxRu1?x nanoparticles exhibit significantly enhanced CO oxidation activities, even at 70 at % of inexpensive Cu, compared to Ru nanoparticles. Only 5 at % replacement of Ru with Cu provided much better CO oxidation activity, and the maximum activity was achieved by 20 at % replacement of Ru by Cu. The origin of the high catalytic performance was found as CO site change by Cu substitution, which was investigated using in situ Fourier transform infrared spectra and theoretical calculations. 相似文献
38.
Taku Katayama Kiyotaka Onitsuka Shigetoshi Takahashi 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》2000,610(1-2):31-37
Treatment of ruthenium complexes [CpRu(AN)3][PF6] (1a) (AN=acetonitrile) with iron complexes CpFe(CO)2X (2a–2c) (X=Cl, Br, I) and CpFe(CO)L′X (6a–6g) (L′=PMe3, PMe2Ph, PMePh2, PPh3, P(OPh)3; X=Cl, Br, I) in refluxing CH2Cl2 for 3 h results in a triple ligand transfer reaction from iron to ruthenium to give stable ruthenium complexes CpRu(CO)2X (3a–3c) (X=Cl, Br, I) and CpRu(CO)L′X (7a–7g) (L′=PMe3, PMe2Ph, PMePh2, PPh3, P(OPh)3; X=Br, I), respectively. Similar reaction of [CpRu(L)(AN)2][PF6] (1b: L=CO, 1c: P(OMe)3) causes double ligand transfer to yield complexes 3a–3c and 7a–7h. Halide on iron, CO on iron or ruthenium, and two acetonitrile ligands on ruthenium are essential for the present ligand transfer reaction. The dinuclear ruthenium complex 11a [CpRu(CO)(μ-I)]2 was isolated from the reaction of 1a with 6a at 0°C. Complex 11a slowly decomposes in CH2Cl2 at room temperature to give 3a, and transforms into 7a by the reaction with PMe3. 相似文献
39.
Sterically bulky pyrazines have been successfully utilized for the preparation of discrete oligo-nuclear TBP (trigonal bipyramidal), SqP (square pyramidal), and Oh (octahedral) copper(II) complexes. We have synthesized a unique linear pentanuclear complex [{Cu(hfac)2}5(μ-2-butyl-3-methylpyrazine)4]. The two terminal copper(II) ions have a SqP structure while the three inner ions have an Oh one. The solvent molecule was incorporated in the clearance of the lattice. From another reaction under harsh conditions, we separated [{Cu(hfac)2}3(μ-2-butyl-3-methylpyrazine)2], which can be regarded as the central moiety of the pentanuclear one. We also prepared a dinuclear complex [{Cu(hfac)2}2(μ-tetramethylpyrazine)], in which the pyrazine nitrogen atoms were located at TBP equatorial positions. Single-crystal EPR measurements supported its compressed TBP structure. The exchange coupling was antiferromagnetic with JTBP–TBP/kB = −3.6 K. The linear trinuclear [{Cu(hfac)2}3(μ-2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine)2], having two TBP Cu ions with an intervening Oh Cu ion, showed very weak antiferromagnetic coupling. DFT calculations on these compounds indicated that the σ-type orbital overlap between the Cu and N atoms is essential for superexchange interactions. 相似文献
40.
The selectivity of substrate in substrate–enzyme complexation of heptaprenyl diphosphate synthase was directly investigated
using colloidal probe atomic force microscopy (AFM). This enzyme is composed of two dissociable subunits, which exhibits a
catalytic activity only when they are associated together in the presence of a cofactor, Mg2+, and a substrate, farnesyl diphosphate (FPP). We have recently succeeded to directly demonstrate a specific interaction involved
in this enzyme reaction and obtain new insights into the molecular mechanism of the reaction using the approach based on the
colloidal probe AFM. The AFM measurement showed the adhesive force between the subunits only in the presence of both Mg2+ and FPP. In this study, we studied the substrate selectivity in the complexation by monitoring the adhesive force. The substrates
studied are pyrophosphate (PPi), isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), geranyl diphosphate (GPP), farnesyl monophosphate (FP), and
farnesyl geranyl diphosphate (FGPP). No adhesion was observed in the case of PPi, IPP, and GPP. On the other hand, the significant
adhesion was observed for phosphate derivatives, which bear prenyl units longer than three. This is in good agreement with
the selectivity of the substrates by this enzyme, which catalyzes the condensation reaction of four IPP molecules with FPP
to give heptaprenyl (C35) diphosphates. Our study showed a useful methodology for examining the elemental processes of biological reactions. 相似文献