Synthesis of Zr-containing FSM-16 as an effective support for Co catalyst in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis

Zr⁴⁺ ions have been introduced into the framework of FSM-16 using a sol-gel method at Si/Zr ≥ 200 (molar ratio). Co/Zr-FSM-16 showed high CO conversion and a high selectivity for C₅₊ hydrocarbons in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis due to the high surface area of FSM-16 and the isomorphously substituted Zr⁴⁺ as a co-catalyst.     

Catalytic cross-coupling reaction of esters with organoboron compounds and decarbonylative reduction of esters with HCOONH4: a new route to acyl transition metal complexes through the cleavage of acyl-oxygen bonds in esters

The Ru3(CO)12-catalyed cross-coupling reaction of esters with organoboron compounds leading to ketones is described. A wide variety of functional groups can be tolerated under the reaction conditions. Aromatic boronates function as a coupling partner to give aryl ketones. Acyl-alkyl coupling to dialkyl ketones is also achieved by the use of 9-alkyl-9-BBN in place of boronates. The Ru3(CO)12-catalyzed decarbonylative reduction of esters with ammonium formate (HCOONH4) leading to hydrocarbons is also described. No expected aldehydes are produced, and controlled experiments indicate that aldehydes are not intermediate for the transformation. A hydrosilane can also be used as a reducing reagent in place of HCOONH4. A wide variety of functional groups are compatible for both reactions. The key step for both catalytic reactions is the directing group-promoted cleavage of an acyl carbon-oxygen bond in esters, leading to the generation of acyl transition metal alkoxo complexes.     

Growth of submicrometer-scale rectangular parallelepiped rutile TiO2 films in aqueous TiCl3 solutions under hydrothermal conditions

Evolution of a new morphology of rutile TiO2 films consisting of nearly single-crystalline parallelepipeds was achieved through hydrothermal treatments of aqueous TiCl3 solutions in the presence of NaCl.     

A new strategy for construction of angularly fused tricyclic ring systems. Transannular bond formation of bicyclic enones via photochemical intramolecular hydrogen abstraction

Tricyclic ketones 3a, b and 7a–c having angularly fused 5-6-5 or 5-7-5 ring system have been efficiently prepared by irradiation of bicyclic enones 1 and 2.     

Polymerisation von Methyl- und ?thylmethacrylaten mit Alkalimetall-Alkoxidderivaten des Poly?thylenoxids

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Wigner crystallization in (DI-DCNQI)2Ag detected by synchrotron radiation X-Ray diffraction

The low-temperature electronic structure of the quarter-filled, quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) system (DI-DCNQI)2Ag is revealed using synchrotron radiation x-ray diffraction. In spite of the interchain frustration in the twofold superstructure along the 1D chain, the body-centered tetragonal "charge ordering" structure, which consists of 4k_{F} charge ordering columns and 4k_{F} bond order wave columns, is realized. This is the first example of the Q1D system having plural kinds of columns as its ground state. This charge ordered structure is regarded as a Wigner crystal caused by intercolumn Coulomb repulsion.     

Regioselective alkenylation of aromatic ketones with alkenylboronates using a RuH2(CO)(PPh3)3 catalyst via carbon-hydrogen bond cleavage

The ruthenium-catalyzed alkenylation of C-H bonds with alkenylboronates has been explored for a series of aromatic ketones. The coupling reaction of pivalophenone (1) with 2-isopropenyl-5,5-dimethyl[1,3,2]dioxaborinane (2) gave the corresponding isopropenylation product in 73% yield. In the case of the reaction of a sterically congested alkenylboronate, such as 2-methylpropenylboronate (8), the yield was decreased slightly. When beta-styrylboronates were used, the corresponding coupling products were obtained in good yields. The reaction of acetophenone with alpha-styrylboronate afforded the corresponding 1:1 coupling product, exclusively.     

Interfacial ion pairing at the interface between water and a room-temperature ionic liquid, N-tetradecylisoquinolinium bis(pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)imide

The specific interaction of N-tetradecylisoquinolinium (C(14)Iq+) with Cl- and Br- has been detected in the voltammetry of ion transfer and electrocapillarity at the interface between an aqueous solution (W) and a room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL), N-tetradecylisoquinolinium bis(pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)imide ([C(14)Iq+][C(2)C(2)N-]). This specific interaction also makes the transfer of Cl- and Br- into [C(14)Iq+][C(2)C(2)N-] energetically more favorable in comparison with that of F- and SO(4)(2-). The width of the polarized potential window in ion-transfer voltammetry at the [C(14)Iq+][C(2)C(2)N-]|W interface is significantly narrower because of the transfer of anions from W to RTIL. The degree of affinity of the anion with C(14)Iq+ agrees with the Hofmeister series. Such an ion-pair formation of anions in W with cations in the RTIL is much weaker when the cation constituting the RTIL is a symmetric tetraheptylammonium ion.     

Salt bridge in electroanalytical chemistry: past, present, and future

A salt bridge is a device indispensable in electroanalytical chemistry and has been used over 100?years. Thanks to a salt bridge, we are able to concentrate our attention to what is happening at the working electrode. However, the magical performance of the traditional salt bridge based on potassium chloride does not always work satisfactorily. The longevity of KCl-type salt bridge is mainly because of the lack of better alternatives. A newly emerged salt bridge based on moderately hydrophobic ionic liquids is promising to solve many of the problems that KCl-type salt bridges are unable to, possibly making the future of electroanalytical chemistry a little easier and brighter.