全文获取类型
收费全文 | 18247篇 |
免费 | 752篇 |
国内免费 | 50篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 12845篇 |
晶体学 | 327篇 |
力学 | 641篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
数学 | 1242篇 |
物理学 | 3993篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 48篇 |
2023年 | 184篇 |
2022年 | 403篇 |
2021年 | 470篇 |
2020年 | 535篇 |
2019年 | 603篇 |
2018年 | 569篇 |
2017年 | 528篇 |
2016年 | 783篇 |
2015年 | 560篇 |
2014年 | 918篇 |
2013年 | 1631篇 |
2012年 | 1331篇 |
2011年 | 1366篇 |
2010年 | 892篇 |
2009年 | 715篇 |
2008年 | 944篇 |
2007年 | 920篇 |
2006年 | 721篇 |
2005年 | 646篇 |
2004年 | 527篇 |
2003年 | 436篇 |
2002年 | 358篇 |
2001年 | 199篇 |
2000年 | 175篇 |
1999年 | 134篇 |
1998年 | 92篇 |
1997年 | 123篇 |
1996年 | 134篇 |
1995年 | 96篇 |
1994年 | 102篇 |
1993年 | 121篇 |
1992年 | 124篇 |
1991年 | 101篇 |
1990年 | 111篇 |
1989年 | 101篇 |
1988年 | 78篇 |
1987年 | 80篇 |
1986年 | 73篇 |
1985年 | 101篇 |
1984年 | 103篇 |
1983年 | 83篇 |
1982年 | 78篇 |
1981年 | 68篇 |
1980年 | 75篇 |
1979年 | 83篇 |
1978年 | 65篇 |
1977年 | 81篇 |
1976年 | 60篇 |
1975年 | 54篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
901.
The heterobimetallic complexes [MMoO2(L)(H2O)2] (where M = Zn2+ (1), Cu2+ (2), and Co2+ (4)) and [{MMoO3(H2L)(H2O)2}2] (where M = Ni2+ (3) and Mn2+ (5)) are synthesized from bis(2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde)malonoyldihydrazone (H4L) using the monometallic precursor complex [MoO2(H2L)]·H2O in ethanol. The composition of the complexes is established based on the data obtained from the elemental analysis and molecular weight determinations. The structure of the complexes is discussed in the light of data obtained from molar conductance, magnetic moment, electronic, EPR and IR spectroscopic studies. 相似文献
902.
Immunomagnetic nanoparticle based quantitative PCR for rapid detection of Salmonella 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Padmavathy Bakthavathsalam Vinoth Kumar Rajendran Uttara Saran Suvro Chatterjee Baquir Mohammed Jaffar Ali 《Mikrochimica acta》2013,180(13-14):1241-1248
We have developed a rapid and sensitive method for immunomagnetic separation (IMS) of Salmonella along with their real time detection via PCR. Silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles were functionalized with carboxy groups to which anti-Salmonella antibody raised against heat-inactivated whole cells of Salmonella were covalently attached. The immuno-captured target cells were detected in beverages like milk and lemon juice by multiplex PCR and real time PCR with a detection limit of 104 cfu.mL?1 and 103 cfu.mL?1, respectively. We demonstrate that IMS can be used for selective concentration of target bacteria from beverages for subsequent use in PCR detection. PCR also enables differentiation of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A using a set of four specific primers. In addition, IMS—PCR can be used as a screening tool in the food and beverage industry for the detection of Salmonella within 3–4 h which compares favorably to the time of several days that is needed in case of conventional detection based on culture and biochemical methods.
The method uses silica coated magnetic nanoparticles immobilized with anti-Salmonella antibody for immunomagnetic separation of Salmonella from beverages followed by detection by multiplex PCR (mPCR) and real time PCR (qPCR). This methodology contributes to rapid screening and accurate detection of Salmonella contaminations in beverages. 相似文献
903.
A. Sri Hari Kumar V. N. Kalevaru A. Qiao A. Alshammari N. Lingaiah Ch. Sailu P. S. Sai Prasad A. Martin 《Kinetics and Catalysis》2013,54(5):615-619
Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane (ODHE) to ethylene was investigated over a series of alumina supported molybdophosphoric acid (MPA) catalysts. The MPA was transformed into surface Mo oxides on Al2O3 when subjected to calcination at 600°C. The catalysts were characterized by N2-adsorption, XRD, FT-IR spectroscopy and TPR techniques. The results showed that MPA loading and the source of Mo precursor had a clear influence on the catalytic performance. The evaluation of the catalysts for ODHE at temperatures between 450 and 550°C revealed superior ethane conversion (X~24%) and ethylene selectivity (S = ca. 65%) over 20 wt % MPA/Al2O3 catalyst. The transformation of MPA into finely dispersed Mo oxides on Al2O3 appeared to be responsible for this improved performance. 相似文献
904.
Reaction of 2-pyridylmagnesium chlorides with N,N-dialkyl arylamides afford exclusively 2-(aroyl) pyridines in high yields and purity without the formation of any tertiary alcohol. This method employs easily available raw materials and avoids the use of hazardous lithium reagents and cryogenic conditions. Further, preferential reactivity of this Grignard reagent with N,N-dialkyl arylamides over its carbonitrile counterparts offers a variety of 2-(aroyl) pyridines including the ones containing carbonitrile groups on the aryl ring. 相似文献
905.
Bromination of dehydroacetic acid has been carried out with N-bromosuccinimide under various conditions. The reactions led to selective bromination, thereby offering efficient synthesis of 3β-bromodehydroacetic acid (3), 3β,5-dibromodehydroacetic acid (4), 3β,3β-dibromodehydroacetic acid (5), and 3β,3β,5-tribromodehydroacetic acid (6). 相似文献
906.
Z-6-Heneicosen-11-one (1) and Z-1,6-Heneicosen-11-one (2) are the sex pheromones of the Douglas-Fir Tussock moth, ‘Orgyia Pseudo Sugata’, isolated1,2 in 1975 and 1978 respectively. In contrast with other lepidopterous pheromones, which are unsaturated C12-C14 primary alcohols or acetates, these were found to be C21 ketones. The Douglas-Fir Tussock moth is a severe defoliator of the Fir forest; consequently, considerable interest attends the synthesis of these two pheromones. A number of syntheses of these two pheromones have been reported3 amongst which is one of our synthesis using N,N-dimethyl acetone 4 hydrazone as key intermediate. 相似文献
907.
M. Gopalakrishnan P. Sureshkumar V. Kanagarajan J. Thanusu Shanmugam Govindan Mahesh Reddy Ghanta 《合成通讯》2013,43(13):1923-1926
The p‐toluenesulphonic acid–catalyzed reaction between appropriate cresols and N‐methyl‐3‐phenyl‐3‐hydroxypropylamine in refluxing toluene resulted in the formation of o‐substituted phenol derivatives by an aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction. 相似文献
908.
M. V. Ramana Reddy A. B. Manjubhashini S. Reddy P. V. Ramana Reddy D. Baskar Reddy 《合成通讯》2013,43(15-16):1589-1596
The condensation of 2-phenylethanesulfonylacetic acid (4) with araldehydes (5) in presence of a base gave E-styryl-2-phenylethyl sulfones (6) which on dehydrogenation with DDQ (7) yielded E,E-bis-(styrl)sulfones (8). The 8 on treatment with dichlorotris(triphenyl-phosphine)ruthenium(II) catalyst resulted 1,4-diaryl-1,3-butadienes (9). The configurations of 6, 8 and 9 have been determined based on IR and 1H NMR spectral data. 相似文献
909.
M. S. R. Murty Rayudu Venkateswara Rao Kesur R. Ram N. Rami Reddy J. S. Yadav B. Sridhar 《合成通讯》2013,43(19):2914-2921
Zinc-mediated facile and efficient chemoselective S-alkylation of 5-aryl 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiols in the presence of a catalytic amount of tetra butyl ammonium iodide was described. The reaction was performed under neutral conditions. The chemoselectivity of the alkylation was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy and x-ray crystallography. 相似文献
910.
A convenient method has been developed for the conversion of indoles and indigos into anthranilic acids in good to excellent yields using a bromamine-B/PdCl2 system. The general process utilizes our efficient method for the oxidation of indoles and indigos in alkaline (pH 12) acetonitrile/water (1:1) at 60 °C. 相似文献