Activity of zirconium, vanadium and ferrous nitrides in the oxidation of carbon monoxide

The activity of nitride catalysts varies in parallel to the degree of metal character of their chemical bonds.

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Nonspecific solvation and oscillator strengths for the long-wavelength vibronic absorption band of 4-dimethylaminochalcone solutions

The 4-dimethylaminochalcone molecule is one of the most efficient spectral-luminescent probes widely used in various medical and biological studies. Experimental data on the oscillator strengths in the long-wavelength vibronic band of 4-dimethylaminochalcone solutions in a series of individual solvents of different chemical nature are analyzed using the earlier derived refined equation describing the influence of nonspecific solvation processes on the matrix elements of the dipole moment of a purely electronic transition in organic dye molecules. It is shown that the semiempirical theory developed gives a satisfactory quantitative explanation to experimentally observed regularities indicative of a relatively weak influence of the solvent reaction field (orientation and induction forces) and dispersion interactions on the integrated intensity of the studied band belonging in the category of intramolecular charge transfer bands.     

On Asymptotics of Solutions of Nonlinear Differential Equations of the Second Order

We study the problem of asymptotics of unbounded solutions of differential equations of the form y″ = α₀ p(t)ϕ(y), where α₀ ∈ {−1, 1}, p: [a, ω[→]0, +∞[, −∞ < a < ω ≤ +∞, is a continuous function, and ϕ: [y ₀, +∞[→]0, +∞[ is a twice continuously differentiable function close to a power function in a certain sense.__________Translated from Neliniini Kolyvannya, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 18–28, January–March, 2005.     

Decentralized optimal control of dynamical systems under uncertainty

The problem of optimal control of a group of interconnected dynamical objects under uncertainty is considered. The cases are examined in which the centralized control of the group of objects is impossible due to delay in the channel for information exchange between the group members. Optimal self-control algorithms in real time for each dynamical object are proposed. Various types of a priori and current information about the behavior of the group members and about uncertainties in the system are examined. The proposed methods supplement the earlier developed optimal control methods for an individual dynamical system and the methods of decentralized optimal control of deterministic objects. The results are illustrated with examples.     

A New Method for the Production of Carbon Nanotubes

It was found for the first time that carbon nanotubes are formed during the mechanical treatment of V₂O₅ powder in the presence of an organic solvent. The carbon content in the V₂O₅ sample, dispersed in alcohol, varies during milling and amounts to 2.1 wt.%. The unusually large increase in the catalytic activity of mechanically activated V₂O₅ in the selective oxidation of n-butane and also of benzene and propane is due to the formation of new active centers containing carbon inserted into the V₂O₅ structure.