污染物甲胺为电子给体可见光下Pt/ZnIn2S4光催化制氢

用水热法制备了ZnIn2S4固溶体,并通过XRD和UV-vis漫反射光谱进行了表征.研究了一甲胺、二甲胺和三甲胺为给电子体,在Pt/ZnIn2S4上的可见光光催化制氢及自身的降解反应.3种甲胺都能显著提高光催化分解水制氢活性,同时自身得到很好的降解.电子给体的放氢活性顺序为:TMADMAMMA.通过红外衰减全反射(ATR-IR)法检测电子给体在ZnIn2S4表面的吸附行为,吸附强度大小依次为MMADMATMA.光催化活性与分子结构和在催化剂表面的吸附行为有关.3种污染物浓度对放氢活性的影响都符合Langmuir-Hinshelwood动力学模型.讨论了可能的化学反应机理.     

基于β-环糊精对荧光桃红的荧光增敏作用的开关型荧光探针测定痕量镍

在pH 7.6的PBS介质中,且在PVA存在下,荧光桃红在其荧光发射峰555nm处的荧光强度因β-环糊精的加入而增强(荧光开),当在此体系中加入镍(Ⅱ)离子,其荧光发生猝灭(荧光关),其猝灭程度(ΔIf)与镍(Ⅱ)的质量浓度在5~300μg·L-1范围内呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为1.75μg·L-1。应用此"开关"型荧光探针测定了污水和矿石样品中镍的含量,并用标准加入法进行回收试验,测得回收率在98.8%~106%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=10)在1.2%~2.2%之间。对此荧光体系的反应机理也作了初步探讨。     

4,5-二氮芴-9-酮及其衍生物的研究进展

介绍了4,5-二氮芴-9-酮及其衍生物的合成方法及其在新型催化剂和光电材料等方面的研究进展。标题化合物及其衍生物是一类结构、性质特殊的化合物,提示其更广泛的性质和应用还有待人们更深入研究。     

Mo_8~ⅤW_2~ⅥO_(26)(C_5H_5N)_8·2H_2O: A Novel Mixed-valence Heterometal Polyoxometalate

A new mixed-valence heterometal cluster Mo8VW2VIO26(C5H5N)8·2H2O has been synthesized under solvothermal conditions and characterized by X-ray single-crystal diffraction, IR, UV-vis and XPS spectroscopy. The title compound crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 11.708(3), b = 12.018(4), c = 13.316(4) , a = 112.184(4), β = 97.844(4), r = 110.043(3)o, V = 1551.9(8) 3 and Z = 1 at 293(2) K. The final full-matrix least-squares refinement converged to R = 0.0414 for 4460 observed unique reflections with I 2σ(I) and w R = 0.1290 for all data(5352) and S = 1.015. In addition, its thermal stability and fluorescent property have also been investigated.     

机械化学法制备金属-有机骨架及其复合物研究进展

金属-有机骨架(MOFs)是由金属离子/簇和多齿状有机配体通过配位键桥联而形成的多孔晶态材料。MOFs材料具有孔隙率高、比表面积大、尺寸可调、结构易修饰、功能多样化等特点,使其在气体吸附、分离和催化等方面都具有潜在应用价值。到目前为止,在MOFs合成的几种常见方法中,机械化学法(即在无溶剂或极少量溶剂的情况下研磨固体反应物进行的反应)作为一种清洁、绿色、高效的合成手段逐渐引起人们的关注。本综述总结了近年来机械化学合成MOFs及其复合物的典型进展,目的是为机械化学法合成MOFs及其复合材料提供一个通用而易于理解的概述。目前的研究进展表明,机械化学法是一种实用且环境友好的合成方法,为低成本、宏量生产MOFs及其复合物提供了可能。     

具有慢磁驰豫和发光性质的基于多胺酚配体的Dy(Ⅲ)和Zn/Ni-Dy(Ⅲ)配合物

合成了4个新的基于多胺酚配体的Dy(Ⅲ)和Zn/Ni-Dy(Ⅲ)配合物:[Dy(CH_3OCH3)L](1),[Dy2(μ-H2O)L2](2),[Zn2DyL2]ClO4·H2O(3)和[Ni2DyL2]ClO4·H2O (4)(H3L=N,N′,N″-三(3,5-二甲基-2-羟基苯酚)-1,4,7-三氮杂环壬烷)。X射线单晶衍射分析表明,配合物1和2分别为单核和双核Dy(Ⅲ)配合物,3和4为M-Dy(Ⅲ)-M三核配合物(M=Zn (3),Ni (4))。磁性测试表明,配合物1和2具有场诱导的慢磁弛豫行为,且2具有多个磁弛豫过程,配合物3和4中没有观察到明显的慢磁弛豫行为。荧光测试表明,配合物1~3具有Dy(Ⅲ)离子典型的窄带特征发射,由于Ni(Ⅱ)离子的荧光猝灭作用,配合物4没有明显的荧光产生。     

设计性化学实验教学的探索与实践*——以“分子络合-分散液相微萃取/高效液相色谱法测定环境水中萘酚”为例

结合科研课题及实验教学经验,设计了题为“分子络合-分散液相微萃取/高效液相色谱法测定环境水中萘酚”的综合化学实验教学项目。该实验从复杂样品的前处理技术出发,建立分子络合-分散液相微萃取技术并用于水中萘酚的分析,实验优化了影响萃取效果的因素,确定了合适的萃取装置、操作模式及HPLC分析条件等内容。本实验设计结合了新颖的科研内容,能引起学生主动参与实验设计并自主探索未知的兴趣,有利于提高学生的创新能力和综合素养。     

新型2-吡啶苄基胺类罗丹明基活性小分子探针的合成

以罗丹明B和乙二胺为原料,通过缩合反应制得罗丹明酰乙二胺(1, Rhb);然后以无水THF作溶剂,化合物1与三聚氯嗪发生亲核取代反应,得到罗丹明酰乙二胺-三聚氯嗪化合物(2, Rhbc);最后在氮气氛围下,化合物2与N,N-二甲基吡啶胺反应合成了目标产物双(2 吡啶苄基) 胺罗丹明基小分子探针(3, Rhbd),其结构经¹H NMR、 IR、 HR-MS和元素分析表征。该探针可以识别Fe³⁺,检出限为30 nM。     

Recent Advances in Atomic-scale Storage Mechanism Studies of Two-dimensional Nanomaterials for Rechargeable Batteries Beyond Li-ion

Developing new types of rechargeable batteries with high energy densities and low cost have received increasing attentions, aiming to reduce the dependence on high-priced lithium. Beyond Li-ion batteries, the potential alternatives including Na-ion batteries, Li-S batteries and Li-air batteries have been investigated recently, which are required to be viable for commercial applications. From this point of view, to understand the electrochemical reaction mechanisms and kinetics of these batteries has become the key challenge to make breakthroughs in the field of new energy storage. In this review, we present a critical overview of the two dimensional nanomaterials-based batteries (except Li-ion-based batteries) that could meet such demonds. To develop new energy storage devices with more promising performances, the microstructure evolution and atomic scale storage mechanism of these batteries are comprehensively summarized. In addition, the major challenges and opportunities of advanced characterization techniques are finally discussed. We do hope that this review will give the readers a clear and profound understanding of the electrochemical reaction mechanisms and kinetics of the as-discussed batteries, thus effectively contributing to the smart design of future-generation energy storage devices.     

Application of QPLEXTM biomarkers in cognitively normal individuals across a broad age range and diverse regions with cerebral amyloid deposition

The deposition of beta-amyloid (Aβ) in the brain precedes the onset of symptoms such as cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD); therefore, the early detection of Aβ accumulation is crucial. We previously reported the applicability of the QPLEX^TM Alz plus assay kit for the prescreening of Aβ accumulation. Here, we tested the specific application of the kit in a large cohort of cognitively normal (CN) individuals of varying ages for the early detection of Aβ accumulation. We included a total of 221 CN participants with or without brain Aβ. The QPLEX^TM biomarkers were characterized based on age groups (1^st–3^rd tertile) and across various brain regions with cerebral amyloid deposition. The 3^rd tertile group (>65 years) was found to be the most suitable age group for the application of our assay kit. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC, discrimination power) was 0.878 with 69.7% sensitivity and 98.4% specificity in the 3^rd tertile group. Additionally, specific correlations between biomarkers and cerebral amyloid deposition in four different brain regions revealed an overall correlation with general amyloid deposition, consistent with previous findings. Furthermore, the combinational panel with plasma Aβ1–42 levels maximized the discrimination efficiency and achieved an AUC of 0.921 with 95.7% sensitivity and 67.3% specificity. Thus, we suggest that the QPLEX^TM Alz plus assay is useful for prescreening brain Aβ levels in CN individuals, especially those aged >65 years, to prevent disease progression via the early detection of disease initiation.Subject terms: Alzheimer''s disease, Neural ageing, ELISA