Die Löslichkeit von aromatischen Verbindungen mit polaren Gruppen in Wasser

Zusammenfassung Die Löslichkeiten folgender Verbindungen wurden in Wasser bei 5°-Intervallen von 0° bis 40° bestimmt; Anilin, Mtrobenzol, Chlorbenzol,-Oxynaphthalin und-Nitronaphthalin. Aus diesen Ergebnissen wurden die thermodynamischen Parameter für den Lösungsprozeß der reinen flüssigen Verbindungen in Wasser berechnet. Das Resultat wurde mit Hilfe des Begriffs der Eisberge erklärt.Beim Benzol, Anilin und Chlorbenzol waren die Lösungswärmen negativ bei niedrigeren Temperaturen und wurden mit steigender Temperatur positiver. Dagegen traten beim Nitrobenzol,-Oxynaphthalin und-Nitronaphthalin stets die positiven Lösungswärmen auf. Dies sollte auf die großen intermolekularen Kräfte in der reinen Flüssigkeit zurückzuführen sein.     

Heavy muon as a possible cause of two anomalies

We propose to explain two observed anomalies that suggest extension of the minimal gauge scheme, the eμ production in the e⁺e^? reaction and the anomalous y-distribution in $\text{ν}{}_{\mathrm{\mu }}$ reactions, as being caused by a single object, a heavy muon. With more accurate neutrino data this explanation can readily be distinguished from that of a new quark production.     

Stereospecific synthesis of chiral precursors of thienamycin from L-Threonine

L-Threonine was transformed, stereospecifically, to a versatile β-lactam (5a) in 3 steps. This β-lactam was further converted to a key intermediate (25) for the synthesis of thienamycin and its biologically active analogues. Furthermore, the compound 5a was changed to iodides (18 and 23), cyanides (19 and 24), chloromethylketone (26) and aldehydes (30 and 31) which appear to have a latent potential as precursors for the syntheses of the carbapenems.     

Reaction of alkynyltrimethylsilanes with a hypervalent organoiodine compound: A new general synthesis of alkynyliodonium salts

New general methods for the synthesis of alkynyl(phenyl)iodonium tetrafluoroborate 2 from alkynyltrimethylsilanes 1 utilizing the combination of iodosylbenzene and triethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate or boron trifluoride etherate were developed. The medium effect observed in the reaction was also discussed.     

NMR study of prssure-induced magnetic transition in EuSe

The zero-field ¹⁵³Eu NMR in EuSe has been observed as a function of the pressure up to 14 kbar in the temperature range between 1.7 and 4.2 K. A sequent magnetic phase transition of NSNS-NNS-NNSS-NNN occurs with pressure at 1.7 K. In the NNSS state (2.0 ? P ? 4.8 kbar) the NMR frequency v is insensitive to the pressure. In the ferromagnetic state (P ? 4.8 kbar) v depends remarkably on the pressure, and the exchange interaction between the nearest Eu neighbours J₁ is shown to increase rapidly with decreasing the Eu-Eu distance. The pressure dependences of the Eu hyperfine field suggest that the magnetic moment of a Eu²⁺ ion in the ferromagnetic state under pressure is smaller than the ideal saturation value at 0 K.     

ZnSe单晶的生长及其激子光谱

本文描述了甩升华法生长ZnSe单晶的生长情况和晶体品质。为了获得高纯高完整性单晶,由高纯Zn和Se反应合成了ZnSe,设计了特殊形状的成核室,保证了在一个晶核上单晶的生长;同时在生长过程中控制组分分压,减小了化学计量比的偏差。通过偏光显微镜的观察和He-Ne激光散射的形貌分析表明,在生长速率小于0.5(毫米/天)情况下,在块状单晶体中观察不到生长带纹的条纹,但观察到位错缺陷。在液氦温度的光致发光光谱中首次观察到强的自由激子光谱和激子激发态的光谱;观察到典型的反射光谱和精细的束缚激子谱线,没有观察到2.4eV以下的深能级发光谱带。这些结果表明单晶的纯度和完整性是良好的。     

Conduction band structure of solid n-alkanes studied by electron-transmission spectra

Transmission of low-energy electrons (0–15 eV) through 10–100 Å flms of n-alkanes has been studied. The peak positions in the electron-transmission spectra were suggested to give approximate energies of the rising parts of high density-of-state conduction bands.     

Water molecules in a protein cavity detected by a statistical-mechanical theory

Four water molecules confined in a small cavity of hen egg-white lysozyme were detected by means of the three-dimensional (3D) RISM theory, a statistical-mechanical theory of molecular solutions. This is the first theoretical realization of confined molecules in a protein without making nonsense tricks, such as placing the molecules in the space a priori. Possible impacts which the result may have on biochemistry and biophysics, including the molecular recognition, enzymatic reactions, etc., are discussed.