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81.
H. Katsuura H. Kawamura M. Manabe H. Kawasaki H. Maeda 《Colloid and polymer science》2002,280(1):30-37
The binding of a cationic surfactant, dodecylpyridinium (C12Py) chloride, with a low-charge-density poly (methacrylic acid)
(PMA) was investigated in buffer solutions under the condition of constant pH. The binding isotherms with PMA consisted of
two and three steps at a pH lower and higher than 3.2, respectively. Bindings in the first step were independent of pH and
this step was considered to correspond to the solubilization of the hydrocarbon chains of C12Py into the nonpolar region of
the compact form of PMA. This is the indication of the compact form from the binding isotherm. At pH higher than 3.2, the
second step was discriminated and it depended on the pH. In the third step, a sharp rise in the degree of binding (β) was
observed accompanying the solubilization of the precipitates of the PMA–C12Py complex. The binding with poly(acrylic acid)
(PAA) and PMA in conventional unbuffered NaCl solutions was also examined and the pH profile of the solution during the binding
process was determined. In the case of unbuffered NaCl solutions, the binding with PAA took place cooperatively at the critical
association concentration (cac). The binding isotherm consisted of two steps and the pH decreased with the increase in β.
The binding isotherm of PMA, on the other hand, consisted of three steps: the pH decreased slightly in the first step and
considerably in the second step with the increase in β but it increased with β in the third step, exhibiting a pH minimum
around 3.2. The binding in the first step coincided with that obtained in the buffered solutions. Linear relationships between
β and the pH were found for both polymers. In the case of PMA, no cac was observed in both buffered and unbuffered NaCl solutions.
Received: 24 January 2001 Accepted: 23 May 2001 相似文献
82.
In this Letter, we report on a study of the expectation values of Wilson loops in D=3 topological Chern-Simons theory associated with the fundamental representation of the simple Lie algebras SO(n) and Sp(n). The skein relations satisfied by these expectation values are derived by conformal field-theory techniques. New hierarchies of invariant polynomials for knots in S
3 can be derived from these relations (at least) up to ten crossings. The N=3 Akutsu-Wadati polynomials are a special case with G=SO(3). The expectation value of the Wilson loops for a couple of simple unknotted circles is identified to the Weyl character.Work supported in part by U.S. National Science Foundation Grant PHY8706501.Work supported in party by Chinese National Science Foundation through Nankai University. 相似文献
83.
K. G. W. Inn W. S. Liggett Jr. H. L. Volchok M. S. Feiner J. F. Mcinroy D. S. Popplewell D. R. Percival R. A. Wessman V. T. Bowen H. D. Livingston R. L. Kathren H. Kawamura 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1990,138(2):219-229
An international laboratory intercomparison of actinides in human tissues was organized by the United States Transuranium Registry and the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Five laboratories from the United States, United Kingdom, and Japan participated in the intercomparison. The laboratories were requested to analyze Standard Reference Materials 4351 (Human Lung) and 4352 (Human Liver) for239Pu and240Pu concentration. Approximately equivalent measurement capabilities were generally found among the participants. The results of this intercomparison were statistically comparable to those used for the original certification of the SRM's and were combined for a re-evaluation of the certified values. The combined data sets provide a better characterization of the inhomogeneity of these reference materials and result in a better basis for certification.Deceased. 相似文献
84.
85.
Sorbitol was readily converted by heating in hydrophobic ionic liquids by the presence of ion exchange resins. Chemoseletivity of the dehydration depended on the choice of ion exchange resin; Nafion selectively produced isosorbide while Amberlite gave 1,5-anhydrosorbitol along with unreacted sorbitol. Ionic liquids used in the reaction were readily recovered by simple extraction procedure. With these procedures, we succeeded to prepare isosorbide in pure form, not contaminated with either ionic liquids or acid catalyst, by simple experimental procedure. 相似文献
86.
The combination of pivalic or acetic acid as a promoter and EtOAc as a solvent and acetyl donor proved to be efficient for the chemoselective N-acetylation of primary aliphatic amines to afford the corresponding acetamides. We developed a simple and convenient approach, which requires mild reaction conditions. Competitive inter- and intramolecular reactions between aliphatic amines, alcohols, and aromatic amines were examined, and chemoselectivity was achieved by adjusting the conditions of the reaction. 相似文献
87.
Corrosion and passivation behavior of Mg-Zn-Y-Al alloys prepared by cooling rate-controlled solidification 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Michiaki Yamasaki Shogo IzumiYoshihito Kawamura Hiroki Habazaki 《Applied Surface Science》2011,257(19):8258-8267
Highly corrosion-resistant nanocrystalline Mg-Zn-Y-Al multi-phase alloys have been prepared by consolidation of rapidly solidified (RS) ribbons. The relation between corrosion behavior and microstructure evolution of Mg-Zn-Y-Al alloys with a long period stacking ordered phase has been investigated. In order to clarify the influence of rapid solidification on the occurrence of localized corrosion such as filiform corrosion, several Mg96.75Zn0.75Y2Al0.5 (at.%) alloys with different cooling rates are fabricated by the gravity casting, copper mould injection casting and melt-spinning techniques and their corrosion behavior and microstructures are examined by the salt water immersion test, electrochemical measurements, GDOES, XRD, SEM and TEM. To clarify the effect of aluminium addition on the improvement in corrosion resistance of the alloys, several Mg97.25−xZn0.75Y2Alx alloys with different aluminium contents are fabricated by consolidating RS ribbons and the formation of corroded films on the Mg-Zn-Y-Al alloys have been investigated. Rapid solidification brings about the grain refinement and an increase in the solid solubility of zinc, yttrium and aluminium into the magnesium matrix, enhancing microstructural and electrochemical homogeneity, which in turn enhanced corrosion resistance. The addition of aluminium to magnesium can modify the structure and chemical composition of surface films and improves the resistance to local breakdown of the films. 相似文献
88.
The rate constant of the reaction of NO3 radical with CF3I was determined by a relative rate method using a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer smog chamber with a long path length gas cell. As a result, the upper limit of the rate constant was determined to be <2.2 × 10?18 cm3 molecule?1 s?1 in 100 Torr of total pressure at 298 K, which suggests that CF3I emitted into the atmosphere accumulates during night. The rate constant of the reaction of NO3 with I(2P3/2) was also measured using time‐resolved cavity ring‐down spectroscopy. The rate constant showed no pressure dependence in the range of 100–500 Torr of total pressure at 298 K and was determined to be (3.9 ± 1.0) × 10?11 cm3 molecule?1 s?1. The present result is different from the previous ones and is about half of that reported most recently. From this rate constant, it is likely that the reaction of NO3 radical with I(2P3/2) does not have a much influence on the loss of I(2P3/2) and the formation cycle of IO radical in the atmosphere. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 44: 649–660, 2012 相似文献
89.
90.
Tomomi Kawamura 《Topology》2007,46(1):29-38
Rasmussen introduced a knot invariant based on Khovanov homology theory, and showed that this invariant estimates the four-genus of knots. We compare his result with the sharper slice-Bennequin inequality for knots. Then we obtain a similar estimate of the Rasmussen invariant for this inequality. 相似文献