Polymerization of β-cyanopropionaldehyde

A new class of polyacetals, poly(cyanoethyl)oxymethylene, was obtained by the polymerization of β-cyanopropionaldehyde at ?78°C. with use of ionic initiators including boron trifluoride diethyl etherate, diethylzinc, triethylaluminum, and triethylaluminumtitanium tetrachloride complexes. The influence of temperature, initiator, and solvent upon the polymerization was studied. Infrared spectra of polymers obtained from different initiators are also illustrated. An attempt was made to fractionate the polymer by means of solvent extraction. The acetone-soluble polymer is an elastomeric material having a low solution viscosity. The acetone-insoluble, dimethylformamide-soluble polymer obtained as a white powder was found to have extremely high solution viscosity. Some amounts of insoluble fraction could be also separated. The latter two fractions were observed to have a reasonable stability.     

Hydrohalogenation of 1- and 2-vinylindazoles

The electronic absorption spectra of 1-vinyl- and 2-vinylindazoles and their protonated forms were analyzed. The spectra were subjected to quantum-chemical calculation within the Pariser-Parr-Pople (PPP) -electron approximation, and the thermodynamic parameters of the reaction of indazoles with phenol (K_as and H) were calculated. It is shown that 1-vinylindazole adds hydrogen halides to the nitrogen atom or the double bond of the vinyl group, depending on the reaction temperature. The formation of hydrohalides is characteristic for 2-vinylindazole.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 7, pp. 952–956, July, 1982.     

Synthesis of 1,4-dihydro-2-methyl-4-oxo-3-quinolineglyoxylic acid and related compounds

The synthesis of 1,4-dihydro-1-methoxy or ethyl -2-methyl-4-oxo-3-quinolineglyoxylic acid derivatives are described. α-Acetoxy-1,4-dihydro-1-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-oxo-3-quinolineacetic acid esters ( 7a, 7a ), which are key intermediates, were prepared by catalytic hydrogenation of 2-acetoxy-3-acetyl-4-hydroxy-4-(2-nitrophenyl) crotonic acid lactone ( 6 ) in methanol or ethanol.     

Einflu? von L?sungsmitteln und Initiatoren auf kationische Copolymerisation von 1,3-Dioxolan mit 5-Methyl-2,3-dihydro-2-furanon

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Synthesis of bulgecinine: a new amino acid in bulgecins

Bulgecinine, a new proline type amino acid in bulgecins, was synthesized stereospecifically by use of D-glucose as a chiral precursor.     

Regioselectivity in the addition of alkanethiols to vinylacetylene in superbasic media of alkali-metal hydroxides in dimethyl sulfoxide

Conclusions The reaction of vinylacetylene with alkanethiols is largely directed toward the formation of alkyl 1,3-butadien-l-yl sulfide with increasing basicity of the system consisting of an alkali-metal hydroxide and DMSO. A reduction in the basicity facilitates the formation of alkyl 2,3-butadien-l-yl sulfide.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 12, pp. 2800–2803, December, 1985.     

Condensation of α-ethoxyacrolein with secondary amines

Conclusions Morpholine, piperidine, and dibutylamine undergo both 1,2 and 1,4 addition to -ethoxyacrolein to form a mixture of 3,3- and 1,3-diamino-2-ethoxy-1-propenes. The N-formyl derivative of the starting amine is a side product. The reaction of -ethoxyacrolein with diethylamine gives only splitting of the C-C bond and formation of N-formyldiethylamine.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 11, pp. 2610–2612, November, 1985.