Thermal-Adsorptive Concentration

Methods for concentrating dilute fluids using adsorption followed by partial thermal regeneration were studied using the simulation package ADSIM. The systems studied were NaCl in liquid water on Amberlite XD-2 resin and benzene vapor in nitrogen on activated carbon. Cycles studied included counter-current regeneration with pure hot fluid, co-current regeneration with pure hot fluid, a new process called Hot Feed Addition (HFA) consisting of co-current regeneration with pure hot fluid followed by hot feed, and cycling zone adsorption (co-current alternating hot and cold feeds with no pure regeneration fluid). The optimum system depends upon the conditions of the system and the value function chosen to evaluate the systems. For example, for benzene in nitrogen with hot regeneration gas at 467.4 K, cycling zone adsorption used no carrier gas, had the most concentrated benzene stream and a very pure nitrogen product, but the energy use was greater than the other processes. For liquid systems counter-current operation could produce the purest product, but regenerant requirements were high. With slightly lower purity requirements HFA reduced solvent usage and increased the concentration of the concentrated waste stream. For the liquid system all processes used approximately 3% or less of the energy that would be required for evaporation.     

A novel arylation of arylacetic acid esters using tertiary arylamines and TiCl4

The reactions of arylacetic acid esters with tertiary arylamines in the presence of TiCl₄ give α-arylated products in 65-90% yields, as well as 10-20% yields of the corresponding benzidines.     

Synthesis of some benzimidazole‐, benzothiazole‐ and pyridine‐derived chelating agents

Procedures are given for the preparation of new linear bidentate, tetradentate and tripodal heptadentate ligands incorporating benzimidazole, benzothiazole and pyridyl groups. The compounds were characterized by their nmr, uv and mass spectra. The crystal and molecular structure is reported for a chiral benzothiazole derived from camphoric acid.     

Extraction of actinides and fission products by octyl(phenyl)-N,N-diisobutylcarbamoylmethyl-phosphine oxide from nitric acid media

Extraction of promethium(III), uranium(VI), plutonium(IV), americium(III), zirconium(IV), ruthenium(III), iron(III) and palladium(II) has been carried out with a mixture of octyl(phenyl)-N,N-diisobutylcarbamoylmethylphosphine oxide (CMPO) and tributyl phosphate (TBP) in dodecane. The effects of nitric acid, TBP and CMPO concentrations on the extraction of these metal ions have been studied. The nature of the species of the above metal ions extracted into the organic phase has been suggested.     

Infrared spectra of KNaSO4 and K3Na(SO4)2

The infrared spectra, transmittance and polarized reflectance, of KNaSO₄ and K₃Na(SO₄)₂ are reported. Group theoretical analysis was carried out and a vibrational assignment proposed on basis of C_3v and D_3d symmetries. Factor group and site effects are discussed.     

Infrared spectra of Cs3CoCl5

The infrared spectra, transmittance, and polarized reflectance of Cs₃CoCl₅ are reported. The group theoretical analysis was executed and a vibrational assignment proposed on the basis of D_4h symmetry. Factor group and site effects are discussed.     

Direct determination of cadmium in high-purity metals by flame atomic fluorescence spectrometry

Raschig rings used as a safety mechanism, to avoid critical reactions in solutions containing radioactive materials, are usually made of borosilicate glass. Since boron is the active neutron absorbing ingredient, it is important to determine the boron content in the Raschig rings at any given time. A method has been developed to determine rapidly the boron content of borosilicate glasses. Ion exchange and potentiometric measurement are used to determine boron as the tetrafluoroborate ion. The precision of the method is ±2.0 mV. The average difference between values of a wet chemical analysis and those of the potentiometric method is 7.7%.