全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3413篇 |
免费 | 615篇 |
国内免费 | 378篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2569篇 |
晶体学 | 41篇 |
力学 | 133篇 |
综合类 | 3篇 |
数学 | 340篇 |
物理学 | 1320篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 7篇 |
2023年 | 69篇 |
2022年 | 117篇 |
2021年 | 156篇 |
2020年 | 145篇 |
2019年 | 127篇 |
2018年 | 118篇 |
2017年 | 106篇 |
2016年 | 163篇 |
2015年 | 179篇 |
2014年 | 195篇 |
2013年 | 283篇 |
2012年 | 357篇 |
2011年 | 352篇 |
2010年 | 205篇 |
2009年 | 244篇 |
2008年 | 205篇 |
2007年 | 208篇 |
2006年 | 190篇 |
2005年 | 126篇 |
2004年 | 124篇 |
2003年 | 84篇 |
2002年 | 77篇 |
2001年 | 47篇 |
2000年 | 58篇 |
1999年 | 67篇 |
1998年 | 46篇 |
1997年 | 37篇 |
1996年 | 58篇 |
1995年 | 25篇 |
1994年 | 30篇 |
1993年 | 31篇 |
1992年 | 25篇 |
1991年 | 18篇 |
1990年 | 21篇 |
1989年 | 22篇 |
1988年 | 14篇 |
1987年 | 19篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1957年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有4406条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
The adsorption of chlorobenzene on Si(111)7 × 7 at room temperature was studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Selective chemisorption was observed at different adatom sites. It was found that the center adatoms were more reactive than the corner adatoms, and the faulted half of the unit cell was more reactive than the unfaulted. The mechanism is discussed in terms of the electronic and atomic structures in Si(111)7 × 7. Both preferences indicate that chlorobenzene was present initially in a mobile precursor state. 相似文献
82.
采用多靶磁控溅射法制备了一系列具有不同Al2O3调制层厚度的TiN/Al2O3纳米多层膜.利用X射线能量色散谱、X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、高分辨透射电子显微镜和微力学探针表征了多层膜的成分、微结构和力学性能.研究结果表明,在TiN/Al2O3纳米多层膜中,单层膜时以非晶态存在的Al2O3层在厚度小于1.5 nm时因TiN晶体层的模板效应而晶化,并与TiN层形成共格外延生长,相应地,多层膜产生硬度明显升高的超硬效应,最高硬度可达37.9 GPa.进一步增加多层膜中Al2O3调制层的层厚度,Al2O3层逐渐形成非晶结构并破坏了多层膜的共格外延生长,使得多层膜的硬度逐步降低. 相似文献
83.
Jin Hu Gang Liu Jixiu Zhang Lingchao Kong Weidong Fei 《Applied Surface Science》2006,253(5):2792-2795
The microstructure of a laser treated Al18B4O33w/2024Al composite has been investigated using transmission electron microscope (TEM), low-angle (glancing angle) X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Various surface microstructures were observed in the laser treated composite. The Al18B4O33 whisker on the surface of the composite was decomposed during laser surface melting, various decomposition products were studied in the laser treated composite. Eutectic phases and the precipitation in the matrix of the composite with laser-treated were observed. The main phases detected in the molten zone were aluminum and decomposition products Al2O3. The effect of laser treatment on the hardness of the composite was also examined. A surface hardness of 400 Hv was noted. 相似文献
84.
Based on the property analysis of interferential multispectral images, a novel compression algorithm of partial set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) with classified weighted rate-distortion optimization is presented.After wavelet decomposition, partial SPIHT is applied to each zero tree independently by adaptively selecting one of three coding modes according to the probability of the significant coefficients in each bitplane.Meanwhile the interferential multispectral image is partitioned into two kinds of regions in terms of luminous intensity, and the rate-distortion slopes of zero trees are then lifted with classified weights according to their distortion contribution to the constructed spectrum.Finally a global ratedistortion optimization truncation is performed.Compared with the conventional methods, the proposed algorithm not only improves the performance in spatial domain but also reduces the distortion in spectral domain. 相似文献
85.
N.?Cao Y.K.?HoEmail author Y.J.?Xie J.?Pang Z.?Chen L.?Shao Q.?Kong Q.S.?Wang 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2004,78(6):781-790
The output properties of electrons accelerated by the vacuum laser acceleration scheme CAS (capture and acceleration scenario) are addressed. The transport process of the electron bunch, the fraction of the CAS electrons of the incident electrons, the correlation of electron energy with position and scattering angle, the energy spectrum and angular distributions as well as the emittance of the outgoing electrons are studied at a laser intensity of a0=10. In addition, the effects of the laser intensity, beam width, and pulse duration on the properties of the output electrons are also examined. Physical explanations of those output characteristics are presented based on the mechanism behind the CAS scheme. The feasibility of CAS to become a realistic laser accelerator scheme is explored. PACS 41.75.Jv; 42.60.Jf; 41.85.Ja 相似文献
86.
Tomographic analysis of the central magnetohydrodynamic oscillations on the HT-7 tokamak 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Multi-channel soft x-ray (SX) detectors are applied to generate images of
magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) oscillation on the HT-7 tokamak, and the data
from SX cameras are analysed by using the
Fourier--Bessel harmonic reconstruction method and the singular value
decomposition. The image
reconstruction of SX emissivity is obtained on the assumption of plasma
rigid rotation. One of the important phenomena in the HT-7 discharge is the
transition from the sawtooth oscillations to the MHD oscillations when the
plasma density grows higher. The MHD structure
observed in the SX tomography is featured as follows: the magnetic surface of MHD
structure is made up of the crescent-shaped ``hot core' and the circular
``cold bubble'. The structure of the magnetic surface is relatively stable.
It rotates in the direction of the electron diamagnetic drift at a
frequency being the oscillation frequency of the MHD oscillations. 相似文献
87.
系统研究了La1=3Sr2=3CoO3单相多晶样品在低温下的电磁输运性质和超声特性.电阻率测量表明,La1=3Sr2=3CoO3在整个温区内都表现出金属特性,并且在235 K处电阻率-温度曲线的斜率发生了变化,同时伴随着铁磁相变.超声声速在铁磁相变温度以下出现软化,并在120 K附近达到最小,之后,随着温度的进一步降低,声速开始硬化,同时出现了一个宽大的超声衰减峰.分析认为,该超声异常可能起源于中等自旋态Co3+的Jahn-Teller效应. 相似文献
88.
89.
Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - Hydroxide precursor Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3(OH)2 was successfully prepared by co-precipitation using lactic acid as the environment-friendly chelating agent. And... 相似文献
90.
Dr. Matthieu Jouffroy Dr. Jongrock Kong 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,25(9):2217-2221
Nucleophilic radical additions at innately electrophilic C(sp2) centers are perfectly suited for the direct functionalization of heterocycles. Using bench stable and commercially available alkyl oxamate and oxamic acid derivatives in combination with photoredox catalysis, a direct carbamoylation of heterocycles yielding amide functionalized pharmacophores in a single step is reported. The reaction conditions reported are compatible with structurally complex heterocyclic substrates of pharmaceutical interest. Notably, derivatives containing functional groups incompatible with standard amidation reactions, such as carboxylic acids and unprotected amines, were found to be amenable to this reaction paradigm. 相似文献