Momentum‐resolved resonant inelastic X‐ray scattering on a single crystal under high pressure

A single‐crystal momentum‐resolved resonant inelastic X‐ray scattering (RIXS) experiment under high pressure using an originally designed diamond anvil cell (DAC) is reported. The diamond‐in/diamond‐out geometry was adopted with both the incident and scattered beams passing through a 1 mm‐thick diamond. This enabled us to cover wide momentum space keeping the scattering angle condition near 90°. Elastic and inelastic scattering from the diamond was drastically reduced using a pinhole placed after the DAC. Measurement of the momentum‐resolved RIXS spectra of Sr_2.5Ca_11.5Cu₂₄O₄₁ at the Cu K‐edge was thus successful. Though the inelastic intensity becomes weaker by two orders than the ambient pressure, RIXS spectra both at the center and the edge of the Brillouin zone were obtained at 3 GPa and low‐energy electronic excitations of the cuprate were found to change with pressure.     

A stable dialkylphosphinyl radical

Dialkylphosphinyl radical 1 was synthesized as thermally stable yellow crystals and found to be monomeric both in solution and in the solid state. EPR spectrum showed that the spin density of 1 is mainly localized on the 3p orbital of the dicoordinated phosphorus atom. A distinct absorption band due to the electronic transition from nonbonding electron pair orbital to singly occupied 3p orbital on the phosphorus atom of 1 was observed at 445 nm in solution. Phosphinyl radical 1 underwent facile reaction with carbon tetrachloride, hydrogen abstraction, and a unique reaction with a persistent radical, galvinoxyl, giving a cyclic phosphaalkene and a silylether.     

Persistent Antimony‐ and Bismuth‐Centered Radicals in Solution

Stibinyl and bismuthinyl radicals are recognized as representative intermediates of antimony and bismuth compounds, but still elusive in the condensed phase. We successfully synthesized persistent stibinyl and bismuthinyl radicals in solution by facile dissociation of the corresponding dimers with bulky substituents. We characterized the radicals by NMR and UV/Vis spectroscopy and estimated the thermodynamic parameters for the dissociation equilibria. The radicals show n→p (HOMO→SOMO) transition bands at 497 nm (stibinyl) and 543 nm (bismuthinyl) in 3‐methylpentane and react with a stable nitroxyl radical to give the cross‐radical coupling products in good yields.     

A few comments on the internal rotations in DNA

Comments are given on the internal rotation angles in DNA molecules, their variations, and their oscillatory motions.     

Application of functional coatings by sol-gel method

Nippon Sheet Glass Co. has developed many sol-gel derived products during the last decade. In this paper, the history of the production development, the details of the products and the production process for automotive windows using sol-gel thin-film coatings are introduced. These sol-gel thin-film coatings include UV absorbing, hydrophobic, low reflective and solar control coatings.     

Fabrication Techniques and Characteristics of Ultra-Thin Optical Polarizing Films Using Gold Island Films

Fabrication techniques of ultra-thin optical polarizing films using gold island films have been investigated for the near-infrared region. The polarizing films are fabricated by stretching the periodic multilayers consisting of gold island layers and glass layers. We have experimentally investigated the optimum fabricating conditions necessary to induce large optical anisotropy into the gold island layers and have formed submicrometer-thick polarizing films with an extinction ratio of ≥20 dB in a near-infrared region longer than 800 nm. These polarizing films could be useful micro-polarizers for fiber-embedded in-line optical devices, micro-optics, and hybrid integrated optics.     

Rapid discrimination of fatty acid composition in fats and oils by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.

Fatty acids in 42 types of saponified vegetable and animal oils were analyzed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) for the development of their rapid discrimination. The compositions were compared with those analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), a more conventional method used in the discrimination of fats and oils. Fatty acids extracted with 2-propanol were-detected as deprotonated molecular ions ([M-H]-) in the ESI-MS spectra of the negative-ion mode. The composition obtained by ESI-MS corresponded to the data of the total ion chromatograms by GC-MS. The ESI-MS analysis discriminated the fats and oils within only one minute after starting the measurement. The detection limit for the analysis was approximately 10(-10) g as a sample amount analyzed for one minute. This result showed that the ESI-MS analysis discriminated the fats and oils much more rapidly and sensitively than the GC-MS analysis, which requires several tens of minutes and approximately 10(-9) g. Accordingly, the ESI-MS analysis was found to be suitable for a screening procedure for the discrimination of fats and oils.