Regular threshold-energy increase with charge for neutral-particle emission in collisions of electrons with oligonucleotide anions

Electron-DNA anion collisions were studied using an electrostatic storage ring with a merging electron-beam technique. The rate of neutral particles emitted in collisions started to increase from definite threshold energies, which increased regularly with ion charges in steps of about 10 eV. These threshold energies were almost independent of the length and sequence of DNA, but depended strongly on the ion charges. Neutral particles came from breaks of DNAs, rather than electron detachment. The step of the threshold energy increase approximately agreed with the plasmon excitation energy. It is deduced that plasmon excitation is closely related to the reaction mechanism.     

The Curvature Excitation of Quantum Wilson Loop in (R + R 2)–Gravity

Under the n-dimensional Minkowski space–time background, using the perturbative expansion of the metric density, the graviton propagators of the R + R ² + R R –gravity and R + F ²–gravity have been given in arbitrary coordinates system and harmonic gauge respectively. We calculated the contributions of the leading terms of the quantum Wilson loops in the two gravities in terms of these propagators, resulting in that they are all not zero. It is shown that there exist possible quantum excitations of the curvature in (R + R ²)–gravity.     

Resonant neutral-particle emission in collisions of electrons with peptide ions in a storage ring

Electron-biomolecular ion collisions were studied using an electrostatic storage ring with a merging beam technique for singly protonated peptides (angiotensin I, II, and III). A strong neutral-particle emission at around 6.5 eV was found in addition to neutrals from recombination at low energies. The rates of the high-energy peak greatly decreased with a slight decrease in the number of amino-acid residues from angiotensin I to III. These results suggest that some peptide bonds were selectively cleaved.     

Fiber devices using polarization- maintaining fibers

Fiber devices using polarization-maintaining fibers called PANDA fibers are presented. They are polarization-maintaining couplers and polarization-splitting couplers, optical isolators and optical circulators, and multi/demultiplexers designed for 1.3 μm wavelength. Crosstalk of-32 dB and excess loss of 0.03 dB for the polarization-maintaining coupler, and polarization-splitting ratio of 17 dB and excess loss of 0.5 dB for the polarization-splitting coupler have been fabricated by a fusion-elongation method. A fiber polarizer with the extinction ratio of more than 40 dB has been presented by using the difference of bending loss between the orthogonal modes in the PANDA fibers. Multi/demultiplexer with narrow band-pass of 1.4 nm utilizing combination of PANDA fiber polarization dispersion and the polarization-splitting coupler has been realized. An optical isolator consisting of fiber polarizers and a spherical YIG with a lens function and an optical circulator consisting of polarizing-splitting couplers and spherical YIGs have been achieved.     

Efficacy of emetic and United State pharmacopoeia ipecac syrup in prevention of drug absorption

The efficacy of both the emetic syrup prepared in the previous report and the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) ipecac syrup concerning the prevention of drug absorption was investigated in 4 beagle dogs using a randomized and cross-over design. In order to control the intragastric pH of the beagle dogs, the administration of pentagastrin or hydrochloric acid (HCl)-glycine buffer (pH 1.5) was tested. The intragastric pH changed from 7.2 to 1.8 with the intramuscular administration of pentagastrin, but the primary emesis occurred more slowly. On the other hand, the HCl-glycine buffer (pH 1.5) gave the appropriate emesis. Therefore, the HCl-glycine buffer (pH 1.5) was used to control the intragastric pH of the beagle dogs. Acetaminophen (AcA), salicylic acid (SA) and kanamycin (KM) as markers were administered orally after conditioning the intragastric pH at 1.5. The emetic syrup or the USP ipecac syrup was then administered. The recovery rate of AcA and KM from vomit was 42-65%. The emetic syrup and the USP ipecac syrup significantly reduced the absorption of AcA from the calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters compared to the control syrup. It was observed that the absorption of cephaeline (CP) in the emetic syrup was less than that of CP in the USP ipecac syrup.