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101.
Bromide and iodide ions were determined simultaneously by capillary isotachophoresis using an aqueous electrolyte system; the separation principle was based on the ion-pairing equilibria between tetradecyldimethylbenzylammonium ion and these anions in the leading electrolyte. The interaction between iodide ion and tetradecyldimethylbenzylammonium ion was stronger than that for bromide ion. Thus complete separation of bromide and iodide ions could be obtained by using a leading electrolyte containing 1.5 mM tetradecyldimethylbenzylammonium ion. The pH of the leading electrolyte was adjusted to 5.0. The relative standard deviations of the zone length for bromide and iodide ions were 1.1 and 1.2%, respectively, when mixture of 3.0 mM of these ions was analysed. A 150-μl volume could be injected for the simultaneous determination of low concentrations of bromide and iodide ions. 相似文献
102.
Valeria Balogh-Nair John D. Carriker Barry Honig Vinayak Kamat Michael G. Motto Koji Nakanishi Ranjan Sen Mordechai Sheves Maria Arnaboldi Tanis Kazuo Tsujimoto 《Photochemistry and photobiology》1981,33(4):483-488
Abstract— The difference (in cm−1 ) in absorption maxima between the protonated Schiff base of retinals and the pigment derived therefrom has been defined as the opsin shift. It represents the influence of the opsin binding site on the chromophore. The analysis of the opsin shifts of a series of dihydrobacteriorhodopsins has led to the external point-charge model, which in addition to a counter anion near the Schiff base ammonium, carries another negative charge in the vicinity of the β-ionone ring. This is in striking contrast to the external point-charge model proposed earlier for the bovine visual pigment. The absorption maxima of rhodopsins formed from bromo- and phenyl retinals support the two models. A retinal carrying a photoaffinity label has yielded a nonbleachable bacteriorhodopsin. 相似文献
103.
Extraction equilibria for the 4-(2-Pyridylazo)-Resorcinol-Nickel(II)-Quaternary-Ammonium salt system
The extraction equilibria of nickel(II)-PAR complexes with tetradecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride(Q+Cl?) are investigated. Two kinds of nickel complex are extracted by chloroform: Ni(HR)2,nQ+Cl?(0)(?500 = 3.73·104l mol?1cm?1) at about pH 5 and 2Q+ NiR2-2(o)(?500 = 8.08·104 l mol?1 cm?1) at above pH 8.5. The extraction constant for 2Q+ NiR2-2(o) was evaluated as [2Q+ NiR2-2]0/[NiR2-2] [Q+]2 = 1011.16 at μ = 0.1 (Na2SO4. Synergic extraction studies of the Ni(HR)2 species under slightly acidic conditions show that the species is Ni(HR)2(H2O)2in auqeous solution and is extracted into chloroform as the adduct Ni(HR)2(TBP)2 (?535 = 3.57·104 l mol?1 cm?1. Based on the extraction behavior of these complexes, the structures of the Ni2+—PAR complexes are discussed. 相似文献
104.
Yoshitaka Ishimuro Fumiyuki Hamada Akio Nakajima 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1979,17(6):1811-1819
The scattering function of rods with a constant radius, 8 Å, and a length distribution of the Schulz–Zimm type was calculated on a computer as a model of helical synthetic polypeptide. The influence of length and length distribution on the scattered intensity of small-angle x-ray scattering was clarified. As length grows and length distribution broadens it is difficult to obtain reliable values of molecular weight and radius of gyration from a Zimm plot. The influence of length distribution on the mass per unit length, Mq, and the radius of gyration of the cross section, 〈S〉1/2, from the Guinier plot of the cross-sectional factor decreases as the length increases, and reliable values of Mq and 〈S〉1/2 can be obtained even for rods with wide distribution for rods more than 600 Å long. In particular, it is pointed out that the value of 〈S〉1/2 is little influenced by length and length distribution. 相似文献
105.
The ionic conduction in the perovskite-type halides, CsPbCl3, CsPbCl3 and KMnCl3, was studied. Measurements were made of ac conductivity at temperatures from 150°C to the melting point, and of ionic transport number using the Tubandt, EMF and ion-blocking methods. The effects of impurity doping on the ionic conductivity of CsPbCl3 were also studied using the samples of composition, CsPb0.99M0.01Cl2.99 (M = Li, Na, K, Ag). It was concluded that these materials are halide-ion condcutors. The ionic conductivities of CsPbCl3 and CsPbBr3 are close to those of the well known halide-ion conductors, PbCl2 and PbBr2. The ionic transport numbers were found to be > 0.9 for CsPbCl3 and CsPbBr3, and about 0.99 for KMnCl3. The conduction was considered to be caused by the migration of halide-ion vacancies VX (X = Cl, Br). The activation energies for the migration of VX were 0.29 eV for CsPbCl3, 0.25 eV for CsPbBr3 and 0.39 eV for KMnCl3. The vacancy diffusion coefficients of these materials were found to be verylarge. However, the impurity doping did not increase the ionic conductivity markedly because of small dopant solubility. 相似文献
106.
T Mimura H Nakajima K Tsujikawa M Haruyama B G Lee Y Kohama I Kohda M Iwai 《Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin》1989,37(7):1946-1947
Bis[2-(E-2-alkenoylamino)ethyl] disulfides (compds. I), synthesized from cystamine and 2-trans fatty acids, inhibited collagen-induced rat and rabbit platelet aggregation. The most potent compound was bis[2-(E-2-hexenoylamino)ethyl] disulfide (compd. I-1), and this compound suppressed thromboxane B2 formation from arachidonic acid in rat platelets. The results suggested that compd. I-1 has an inhibitory effect on cyclooxygenase. 相似文献
107.
Analysis of alpha-amino acids, proteins, and phenolic compounds was simultaneously performed using three capillaries in capillary electrophoresis with chemiluminescence detection, taking advantage of the micro-space area for reaction/detection at the tip of the capillary. The three capillaries included usual, polymer-containing, and sodium docley sulfate (SDS)-containing migration buffers for separation. The eluted samples from the capillaries, which were inserted into the chemiluminescence detection cell, were mixed with chemiluminescence reagent at the tips of the capillaries to generate visible light. The specific micro-space area for reaction/detection at the tips of the capillaries enabled the simultaneous operation of the three separation modes in the present system. 相似文献
108.
Kazuo Shimokoshi 《Chemical physics letters》1974,24(3):425-427
The gas-phase ESR technique has been used to study the xenon-photosensitization of hydrogen. The ESR spectrum of atomic hydrogen was observed when the mixtures of xenon and hydrogen were irradiated by the xenon resonance line (147 nm). The results show that photosensitized decomposition of hydrogen takes place due to the chemical quenching of the excited xenon by hydrogen molecules. 相似文献
109.
Ohno O Ikeda Y Sawa R Igarashi M Kinoshita N Suzuki Y Miyake K Umezawa K 《Chemistry & biology》2004,11(8):1059-1070
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is considered to cause various inflammatory reactions. We searched among microbial secondary metabolites for compounds that could inhibit LPS-stimulated adhesion between human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human myelocytic cell line HL-60 cells. In the course of our screening, we isolated a novel cyclic depsipeptide, which we named heptadepsin, from the whole culture broth of Paenibacillus sp. The addition of heptadepsin prior to LPS stimulation decreased HL-60 cell-HUVEC adhesion without showing any cytotoxicity. It also inhibited the cellular adhesion induced by lipid A, the active component of LPS, but it did not inhibit TNF-alpha or IL-1beta-induced cell adhesion. The result of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis revealed that heptadepsin interacted with lipid A directly. Thus, heptadepsin, a novel naturally occurring cyclic heptadepsipeptide, was shown to inactivate LPS by direct interaction with LPS. 相似文献
110.
Kobayashi I Mukataka S Nakajima M 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2005,21(13):5722-5730
Straight-through microchannel (MC) emulsification is a novel technique for formulating monodisperse emulsions using an array of micrometer-sized channels vertical to the surface of a silicon plate (a straight-through MC). We studied the effects of the type and physical properties of the dispersed oil phase and of the surfactant concentration on droplet formation from a straight-through MC by experiments and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Monodisperse oil-in-water emulsions with coefficients of variation below 4% were formulated from an oblong straight-through MC using silicone oils, tetradecane, medium-chain triglyceride, soybean oil, and liquid paraffin as the oil phase. At oil viscosities (eta(d)) lower than a threshold value of 100 mPa s, the values of the resultant droplet diameter (d(ex)) gradually decreased with increasing eta(d), whereas they were not affected by the surfactant concentration. Conversely, at eta(d) higher than the threshold value, the d(ex) values significantly increased with increasing eta(d), and they were affected by the surfactant concentration. An analysis on the basis of droplet formation time and interfacial tension clarified that the trends in d(ex) at eta(d) above the threshold value would be caused by the significant decrease in the dynamic interfacial tension during droplet formation. We thus discovered that the dynamic interfacial tension is also a parameter affecting the d(ex) along with eta(d) in straight-through MC emulsification. CFD simulations using a three-dimensional (3D) model including a straight-through MC confirmed successful formation of micrometer-sized droplets for the above-mentioned oils. The experimental and CFD results for the resultant droplet size were compared using the dimensionless droplet diameter (d, droplet diameter/channel equivalent diameter). The d(CFD) values agreed well with the d(ex) values at eta(d) below the threshold value of 100 mPa s for all the experiment systems and at eta(d) above the threshold value for the experiment systems that did not contain a surfactant. 相似文献