Super-Resolution with a Photochromic Mask Layer in an Optical Memory

The possibility of a super-resolution optical memory using a photochromic mask layer was theoretically discussed. An equation which estimates the transmittance change of the mask layer was derived. The numerical simulation based on the equation showed that the reflectance increase of the layer by photo-irradiation is nonlinear when the optical density of the layer is high. The nonlinear response decreased the crosstalk in adjacent recording tracks and improved the MTF (modulation transfer function) characteristics, resulting in a higher recording density.     

Investigation of impurity effects in La2?xSrxCu1?yMyO4 (M=Ga,Zn) by electronic specific heat

The electronic specific heat C_el was studied at T≤10K on Ga- and Zn-doped La_2−xSr_xCuO₄ (0.16≤x≤0.22). In pure La_2−xSr_xCuO₄ (0.16≤x≤0.22), the C_el at T<T_c contains only a T² component but no T-linear one, which is peculiar to a clean d-wave superconductor. Partial substitution of Ga or Zn for Cu changes the T²-term of C_el into a quite different one described by the sum of a T-linear and a nearly T³ term. The coefficient of the T-linear term, γ, markedly increases with Zn-or Ga-content. The λ/λ_N vs. T_c/T_co relation for Zn-doped samples with x≥0.2 is in good agreement with the theoretical curve for resonant impurity scattering in a d-wave superconductor, while those for Ga-doped samples and for Zn-doped samples with x<0.2 deviate slightly from the theoretical curve. Such a deviation will be discussed in relation to the change in the magnetic properties of the present system caused by impurity-doping.     

Facile esterification promoted by the triphenylstibine oxide-phosphorus sulfide (Ph3SbO/P4S10) system

Various esters are conveniently prepared by direct esterification of the corresponding carboxylic acids with alcohols catalyzed by a triphenylstibine oxide–phosphorus(V) sulfide combined system (Ph₃SbO/P₄S₁₀) under mild conditions (25–80 °C).     

Formal C-H insertion of diketocarbene generated by rhodium(II)-catalyzed decomposition of diazodimedone into a benzene molecule

Diketocarbene generated by rhodium(II) acetate-catalyzed decomposition of diazodimedone reacts with benzene at room temperature to give 5,5-dimetlryl-2-phenylcyclohexane-1,3-dione in 88% yield.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2, pp. 491–493, February, 1996     

New sensitive derivatization of hydroxysteroids for high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection

New highly sensitive and moderately reactive derivatization reagents for hydroxysteroids have been developed. Two derivatization reagents, 1-anthroyl nitrile and 9-anthroyl nitrile, were readily prepared from the corresponding anthracenecarboxylic acid in two steps. The hydroxysteroid was condensed with the anthroyl nitrile in the presence of triethylamine under mild conditions. The resulting ester showed a single peak of the theoretical shap on the chromatogram and provided excellent sensitivity. The detection limit of the C-21 ester formed from cortisol was 10 pg in normal-phase chromatorgraphy.     

Raman scattering in hydrogenated amorphous silicon under high pressure

The first studies on the pressure dependences of the first-order Raman spectra in plasma-deposited a-Si:H films are reported. With increasing pressure up to 25 kbar the TO optical phonon band shows a shift in peak to higher frequencies with a sharpening of width while the TA acoustic phonon band shows a shift in peak to lower frequencies with a broadening of width. The LO optical phonon band shows a shift in peak to higher frequencies whereas the LA acoustic phonon band remains unchanged. These pressure effects are discussed with changes in force constant and structural disorder. The alloying effect of H atoms on the Raman spectra is also discussed while comparing the pressure effects.     

High pressure effects on the electrical resistivity behavior of the Kondo lattice, YbPd2Si2

We report the influence of external high-pressure (P up to 8 GPa) on the temperature (T) dependence of electrical resistivity (ρ) of a Yb-based Kondo lattice, YbPd₂Si₂, which does not undergo magnetic ordering under ambient pressure condition. There are qualitative changes in the ρ(T) behavior due to the application of external pressure. While ρ is found to vary quadratically below 15 K (down to 45 mK) characteristic of Fermi-liquids, a drop is observed below 0.5 K for P=1 GPa, signaling the onset of magnetic ordering of Yb ions with the application of P. The T at which this fall occurs goes through a peak as a function of P (8 K for P=2 GPa and about 5 K at high pressures), mimicking Doniach's magnetic phase diagram. We infer that this compound is one of the very few Yb-based stoichiometric materials, in which one can traverse from valence fluctuation to magnetic ordering by the application of external pressure.