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71.
Low-velocity pneumatic conveying in horizontal pipe for coarse particles and fine powders 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
First,the characteristics of low-velocity conveying of particles having different hardness are experimentally investigated in a horizontal pipeline in terms of flow pattern and pressure drop to show that the slug flow can be classified into two types depending on the settling of particles along the pipeline,and the period is small for slug flow without the settled layer,which is called solitary slug flow.The pressure drop for soft particles is shown to be larger than that for hard particles.Then,experimental results are presented on horizontal fluidized-bed conveying of fine powders to show that air release from the top surface of the conveying channel is an important factor for high mass flow rate of particles. 相似文献
72.
An attempt to understand how proton transfer proceeds in poly (acrylic acid-co-4(5)-vinylimidazole) has been carried out based on the temperature dependent characterization techniques, i.e., Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), Raman spectroscopy, including the atomic distance calculations. Systematical studies are achieved from a series of poly (acrylic acid-co-4(5)-vinylimidazole) with different acrylic acid content. When the copolymer is almost an ideal in equimolar ratio of an alternating structure, the hydrogen bond between carboxylic acid and imidazole is maintained and initiates the proton conductivity even at 120 °C. Whereas when the copolymer is carboxylic acid rich, the dehydration to form anhydride proceeds resulting in the decrease in proton conductivity at high temperature. The radial distribution function (RDF) calculated from the WAXD pattern shows that the inter-atomic distances reflect how the increase in temperature induces a favorable packing structure under the hydrogen bond network and the chain mobility to enhance the proton transfer at high temperature, especially in the case of the copolymer with an ideal alternating structure. 相似文献
73.
Tooru Kitagawa Kohji Tashiro Kazuyuki Yabuki 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2002,40(13):1281-1287
Fourier transform Raman spectra were measured for poly‐p‐phenylenebenzobisoxazole (PBO) fiber subjected to a tensile stress, and the Raman shift factor (the frequency shift caused by 1 GPa tensile stress) depended strongly on the sample‐preparation condition. To clarify the reasons of this dependency, a mechanical series parallel model was adopted that could successfully and quantitatively explain the observed Raman shift factors and gave a concreate heterogeneous stress distribution in the PBO fibers. As a result, a mechanical series model was reasonable for PBO fiber. Broadening of Raman bands, which was observed when the PBO fiber was tensioned, could also be interpreted on the basis of an idea of heterogeneous stress distribution. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 40: 1281–1287, 2002 相似文献
74.
75.
Mutsumi Tashiro Pradeep K. Pujari Shu Seki Yoshihide Honda Shigehiro Nishijima Seiichi Tagawa 《Radiation Physics and Chemistry》2000,58(5-6):587-592
Temperature dependence of positron annihilation lifetime spectra of polysilanes such as, poly(methyl-n-propylsilane) (PMPrS) and poly(di-n-hexylsilane) (PDHS) has been investigated. The τ3 in PMPrS is seen to increase monotonically around the solid–liquid transition temperature. The transition temperature and free volume are observed to depend on the molecular weight and/or packing of the backbones. For PDHS, a sharp change in τ3 and I3 is seen at the solid–solid transition temperature. Free volume radius probability density functions, above and below the transition temperature, are presented in PMPrS and PDHS. Positron studies are complimented by conventional thermal analysis studies. 相似文献
76.
Yoshimune Nonomura Takaharu Fujii Yuichiro Arashi Taku Miura Takashi Maeno Kaoru Tashiro Yasuhisa Kamikawa Rie Monchi 《Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces》2009,69(2):1-267
Water has a unique touch as well as characteristic physical properties. However, nobody knows the real identity of its touch. Here, we show that water creates a stick-slip feel when a small amount is rubbed using fingertip on an artificial skin that mimics the structure of human skin. The results of frictional analyses predict that this stick-slip feel is caused by a drastic change in frictional resistance. The present result is valuable for biologists and robot engineers as well as cognitive scientists and tribologists, because it is a new example of stick-slip phenomena on biological surfaces. The tactile texture of this most familiar material could also be applied to consumer products or virtual reality systems. 相似文献
77.
Kazuo Furihata Sakurako Shimotakahara Yoichi Shibusawa Mitsuru Tashiro 《Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC》2009,47(11):971-976
An efficient pulse sequence for observing the ligand signals resonating close to the water signal has been developed by incorporating the WET technique into the saturation transfer difference pulse sequence. Although several pulse sequences have been developed for observing a ligand binding with a protein receptor, the ligand signals resonating close to the water were undetectable owing to the interference of the huge water signal in the samples containing 95% 1H2O. On the point of sample preparation, it is preferable to avoid the solvent exchange in the protein samples. In the proposed pulse sequence, a WET sequence is incorporated for the selective suppression of the water resonance. The efficient water suppression and the clear observation of the bound ligand signals close to the water have been demonstrated using the lysozyme‐glucose complex. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
78.
Ken Naitoh Yasuo Takagi Kunio Kuwahara Egon Krause Katsuya Ishii 《Fluid Dynamics Research》1990,6(5-6):277-294
The transition to turbulent flow in the compression stage of a reciprocating engine is studied by obtaining the finite-difference numerical solutions to the governing Navier-Stokes equations without using explicit turbulence models. A computational method is developed under the assumption that the flow is in a low-subsonic regime with strong compression. The numerical method is a simple extension of the well known MAC method. Computations were performed for three different chamber geometries at the engine speed of 1400 rpm. The results of the computations clearly demonstrate the transient process in which large tumbling vortices break down into smaller ones near the end of the compression process. The transition process is also caught experimentally by using Mach-Zehnder interferometry. 相似文献
79.
Naoki Fujita Takayuki Makino Yasuhiro Sakoishi Katsuya Asano Masanobu Kusunoki 《Crystal Research and Technology》2016,51(3):215-219
The relation between O2 pressure and composition in the pulsed‐laser deposition of fluoroapatite was investigated using both on‐axis and off‐axis methods to determine the optimal conditions for obtaining a pure fluoroapatite film without OH groups. Through this, it was found that an O2 pressure of 10 Pa, combined with an off‐axis method, results in P/Ca and F/Ca values (0.6 and 0.2, respectively) that match closely with a stoichiometric composition of Ca10(PO4)6F2. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed that this optimized film was almost pure fluoroapatite, with no evidence of any OH groups originating from hydroxyapatite. X‐ray diffraction also revealed that this fluoroapatite film crystallizes with a c‐axis orientation perpendicular to its surface. 相似文献
80.
Tago Teruoki Tashiro Shizuka Hashimoto Yukiko Wakabayashi Katsuhiko Kishida Masahiro 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2003,5(1-2):55-60
Silica (SiO2)-coated ceria (CeO2) nanoparticles were prepared using water-in-oil microemulsion. Polyoxyethylene (15) cetylether and cyclohexane were used as a surfactant and organic solvent. SiO2-coated CeO2 nanoparticles were obtained by hydrolysis of metal alkoxide (tetraethylorthosilicate, TEOS) in the solution containing CeO2 precursor nanoparticles. The effects of CeO2 sources (Ce metal salt) and CeO2 particle-forming agents on the morphology of SiO2–CeO2 particles were investigated. Observation via transmission electron microscopy revealed that the type of particle-forming agent affected the nanoparticles' morphology and that CeO2 nanoparticles were spherically coated with SiO2 when using oxalic acid ((COOH)2) as a particle-forming agent of CeO2. Furthermore, the transmittance of the particles was high in the visible region (above 400 nm) and decreased in the ultraviolet region. 相似文献