Surface functionalization of mesoporous and microporous activated carbons by immobilization of diamine

The introduction of amino groups on HNO3-treated microporous (AC(micro)-At) and mesoporous (AC(meso)-At) activated carbon, which was followed by thionyl chloride (SOCl2) treatment, by immobilization of diamine compounds was investigated in terms of change in pore characteristics. The immobilization was improved by treatment with SOCl2. The BET surface area of AC(micro)-At largely decreased by immobilization of ethylenediamine (EDA) and hexamethylenediamine (HMDA). Decreases in BET surface area and pore volume of AC(meso)-At by immobilization of EDA and HMDA were scarcely observed. These results suggest that amino groups introduced to mesoporous activated carbon are effective as functional groups for additional reactions.     

Internal radiocesium contamination of adults and children in Fukushima 7 to 20 months after the Fukushima NPP accident as measured by extensive whole-body-counter surveys

The Fukushima Dai-ichi NPP accident contaminated the soil of densely-populated regions in Fukushima Prefecture with radioactive cesium, which poses significant risks of internal and external exposure to the residents. If we apply the knowledge of post-Chernobyl accident studies, internal exposures in excess of a few mSv/y would be expected to be frequent in Fukushima.Extensive whole-body-counter surveys (n = 32,811) carried out at the Hirata Central Hospital between October, 2011 and November, 2012, however show that the internal exposure levels of residents are much lower than estimated. In particular, the first sampling-bias-free assessment of the internal exposure of children in the town of Miharu, Fukushima, shows that the ¹³⁷Cs body burdens of all children (n = 1,383, ages 6–15, covering 95% of children enrolled in town-operated schools) were below the detection limit of 300 Bq/body in the fall of 2012. These results are not conclusive for the prefecture as a whole, but are consistent with results obtained from other municipalities in the prefecture, and with prefectural data.     

HeII(304Å) photoelectron spectrum of N2O4

The 304 Å HeII photoelectron (PE) spectrum of a mixture of NO₂ and N₂O₄ in the gaseous phase has been measured in the region up to 29 eV. By subtracting the HeII spectrum of NO₂ from the mixed spectrum, the HeII spectrum due to N₂O₄ has been deduced, indicating that there are three new PE bands in the region 20—29 eV. Relative band intensities have also been obtained from the HeII of N₂O₄ below 16 eV, corrected for electron collecting efficiency.     

Synthetic studies on β-lactam antibiotics. Part 16. synthesis of 1-carba-2-penem-3-carboxylic acid esters from penicillins utilizing a carbon-carbon coupling reaction

Allylazetidinones $\text{9}$, $\text{10}$, prepared by coupling of allylcoppers $\text{8}$ with chloroazetidinones $\text{6}$, $\text{7}$, were converted into carbapenem esters $\text{16}$, $\text{28}$–$\text{31}$ using an Emmons-Horner reaction to introduce the 6-side chain and an intramolecular Wittig reaction to form the carbapenem ring system.     

Spontaneous polymerization mechanism of electron‐accepting substituted quinodimethane with vinyl ether and cyclic ketene acetal

The spontaneous reactions of 1‐(2,2‐dimethyl‐1,3‐dioxane‐4,6‐dione‐5‐ylidene)‐4‐(dicyanomethylene)‐2,5‐cyclohexadiene (QM‐1) with a vinyl ether, butyl vinyl ether (BVE), and a cyclic ketene acetal, 2‐methylene‐1,3‐dioxepane (MDOP), were investigated. The reaction of QM‐1 with BVE produced a terpolymer composed of QM‐1, 7‐butoxy‐8,8‐dicyanoquinodimethane, and BVE units as a hexane‐insoluble product and a one‐to‐one adduct of methylene Meldrum's acid and BVE as a hexane‐soluble product. The spontaneous reaction of QM‐1 with BVE produced, in the presence of 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxy (TEMPO), a terpolymer carrying TEMPO units in the chain ends, and in the presence of methanol, a one‐to‐one‐to‐one adduct of QM‐1, BVE, and methanol was isolated. The spontaneous reaction with bulkier, electron‐donating MDOP produced a low‐molecular‐weight alternating cooligomer of QM‐1 with MDOP. The spontaneous polymerization was proposed to proceed via a zwitterionic intermediate taking two forms, gauche and trans, depending on the bulkiness of the comonomer. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 3800–3811, 2004     

The homotopy groups of the at the prime 3

In this paper, we try to compute the homotopy groups of the -localized Toda-Smith spectrum at the prime 3 by using the Adams-Novikov spectral sequence, and have almost done so. This computation involves non-trivial differentials and of the Adams-Novikov spectral sequence, different from the case . We also determine the homotopy groups of some -localized finite spectra relating to . We further show some of the non-trivial differentials on elements relating so-called -elements in the Adams-Novikov spectral sequence for .