Vibrational relaxation study in 4-chloroacetophenone

Vibrational relaxation process has been emerged as a useful tool in probing the nature of solute solvent interactions in liquid phase. The Laser Raman techniques have been used to study the vibrational and rotational frequencies of molecules, which provide detailed information about the dynamic processes involved in liquids. Raman spectra of C=O stretching mode of 4-chloroacetophenone dissolved in acetonitrile and chlorobenzene have been recorded as a function of solvent concentration ranging from 10% to 90% concentration at room temperature. The 4-chloroacetophenone is a molecule having wide application in manufacture of drugs, perfumes and cosmetics. This study may provide useful information about the vibrational relaxation mechanisms in liquid solutions at molecular level. The Laser Raman components were determined and the spectra were analyzed at different solvent concentrations. The theoretical models have been tested and compare with the experimental results.     

Phantom holomorphic projections arising from Sturm’s formula

A (positive definite integral) quadratic form is called diagonally 2-universal if it represents all positive definite integral binary diagonal quadratic forms. In this article, we show that, up to equivalence, there are exactly 18 (positive definite integral) quinary diagonal quadratic forms that are diagonally 2-universal. Furthermore, we provide a “diagonally 2-universal criterion” for diagonal quadratic forms, which is similar to “15-Theorem” proved by Conway and Schneeberger.     

Modified inertial Mann algorithm and inertial CQ-algorithm for nonexpansive mappings

In this article, we first introduce a modified inertial Mann algorithm and an inertial CQ-algorithm by combining the accelerated Mann algorithm and the CQ-algorithm with the inertial extrapolation, respectively. This strategy is intended to speed up the convergence of the given algorithms. Then we established the convergence theorems for two provided algorithms. For the inertial CQ-algorithm, the conditions on the inertial parameters are very weak. Finally, the numerical experiments are presented to illustrate that the modified inertial Mann algorithm and inertial CQ-algorithm may have a number of advantages over other methods in computing for some cases.     

Laser-induced local collapse in a langmuir monolayer

Heating of a two-dimensional, methyloctadecanoate, Langmuir monolayer with a focused laser induces the local collapse of the monolayer. We observe the growth of a three-dimensional collapse aggregate that is fed by an inward flow of the two-dimensional monolayer surroundings. The experiments are explained with a hydrodynamic model describing the dynamics of the local collapse. From this theory we predict that local collapse can be induced if the collapse pressure of the monolayer decreases faster with temperature than with the surface tension of the pure air/water interface. Such conditions are fulfilled for lung surfactants, and it should therefore be possible to perform time-resolved local studies of the collapse of lung surfactants at those temperatures.     

Probing the superfluid velocity with a superconducting tip: the Doppler shift effect

We address the question of probing the supercurrents in superconducting (SC) samples on a local scale by performing scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) experiments with a SC tip. In this configuration, we show that the tunneling conductance is highly sensitive to the Doppler shift term in the SC quasiparticle (QP) spectrum of the sample, thus allowing the local study of the superfluid velocity. Intrinsic screening currents, such as those surrounding the vortex cores in a type II SC in a magnetic field, are directly probed. With Nb tips, the STS mapping of the vortices, in single crystal 2H-NbSe(2), reveals both the vortex cores, on the scale of the SC coherence length xi, and the supercurrents, on the scale of the London penetration length lambda. A subtle interplay between the SC pair potential and the supercurrents at the vortex edge is observed. Our results open interesting prospects for the study of screening currents in any superconductor.     

Parabolic Singular Integrals in Probability Theory

The final aim of this work is to prove the Central Limit Theorem described in the motivations given below. The key for that is a Resolvant estimate, of the type of Theorem 1.1 in [21], adapted for the Parabolic Green function G(X, Y) which is the heat diffusion kernel in some domain Ω in time-space: i.e. we must estimate ${\int_{\Omega}\nabla_{Y}G(X, Y)\nabla_{Y}^{2}G(Y,Z)\;dY}The final aim of this work is to prove the Central Limit Theorem described in the motivations given below. The key for that is a Resolvant estimate, of the type of Theorem 1.1 in [21], adapted for the Parabolic Green function G(X, Y) which is the heat diffusion kernel in some domain Ω in time-space: i.e. we must estimate ò_W?_YG(X, Y)?_Y²G(Y,Z)  dY{\int_{\Omega}\nabla_{Y}G(X, Y)\nabla_{Y}^{2}G(Y,Z)\;dY}. Exactly as the estimate in [21] is based on [10] our estimate here is based on the main Theorem of this paper. This main theorem refers to rough singular integrals on the Gaussian potential on ∂Ω.     

New identities involving sums of the tails related to real quadratic fields

In previous work, the authors discovered new examples of q-hypergeometric series related to the arithmetic of $\mathbb {Q}(\sqrt{2})$ and $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{3})$ . Building on this work, we construct in this paper sum of the tails identities for which some which some of these functions occur as error terms. As an application, we obtain formulas for the generating function of a certain zeta functions for real quadratic fields at negative integers.     

Grundlagen der Mehrstoffanalyse mit Elektronen- und ß-Strahlung,II. Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur effektiven Kernladungszahl für den Rückstreuprozeß

Messungen un Bleiverbindungen und wassersloffhaltigen stoffen mit β-Strahlung im Energiebereich von 0,2 bis 3 MeV zeigen, daβ die in Teil I abgeleitete Formel für die Ermittlung der Effektiven Kernladungszahl selbst bei Medien extremer Zusammensetzung anwendbar ist. Die in der Literatur häufig erwāhnten Abweichungen der errechneten Kernladungszahlen von den experimentell ermittelten Ergebnissen sind hauptsächlich auf unterschiedliche Probendichte und auf die Korngröβe der Proben zurückzuführen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit sind derartige Störungen durch entsprechende Auswahl der Meβbedingungen vermieden oder durch empirische korrekturen eliminiert worden.     

15Nmethacetin test to control liver function of infants with formerly very low birth weight

Abstract

Hepatic detoxification capacities of three groups of infants aged about two were estimated using the [¹⁵N]methacetin elimination test, as well as standard serum parameters:

1. Formerly hypotrophically born infants still too small for their age (n = 23)

2. Patients suffering from severe liver diseases (n = 15)

3. Patients without liver diseases (n = 14).

17 of the infants of group 1 showed ¹⁵N elimination rates as low as the rates of the liver-diseased patients of group 2. Compared to the infants of group 3, who had normal values, the findings reflect diminished hepatic monooxygenases activities in groups 1 and 2. On the other hand, the serum parameters of the infants of group 1 did not deviate from normal values estimated in group 3. Here only group 2 showed pathological values. Consequently, the [¹⁵N]methacetin test seems to be more sensitive in controlling hepatic parameters of growth retardations than the usual serum parameters used here. Further investigations have to answer the question to which proportion intrauterine malnutrition and postnatal effects, such as environmental living conditions, contribute to the retardation of liver function development in combination with growth retardation.