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91.
Batyr Garlyyev Kathrin Kratzl Marlon Rück Jan Michali
ka Johannes Fichtner Jan M. Macak Tim Kratky Sebastian Günther Mirza Cokoja Aliaksandr S. Bandarenka Alessio Gagliardi Roland A. Fischer 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2019,58(28):9596-9600
High oxygen reduction (ORR) activity has been for many years considered as the key to many energy applications. Herein, by combining theory and experiment we prepare Pt nanoparticles with optimal size for the efficient ORR in proton‐exchange‐membrane fuel cells. Optimal nanoparticle sizes are predicted near 1, 2, and 3 nm by computational screening. To corroborate our computational results, we have addressed the challenge of approximately 1 nm sized Pt nanoparticle synthesis with a metal–organic framework (MOF) template approach. The electrocatalyst was characterized by HR‐TEM, XPS, and its ORR activity was measured using a rotating disk electrode setup. The observed mass activities (0.87±0.14 A mgPt?1) are close to the computational prediction (0.99 A mgPt?1). We report the highest to date mass activity among pure Pt catalysts for the ORR within similar size range. The specific and mass activities are twice as high as the Tanaka commercial Pt/C catalysis. 相似文献
92.
Leandro Marcondes-Alves Victor Fattori Sergio M. Borghi Yuri Lourenco-Gonzalez Allan J.C. Bussmann Elisa Y. Hirooka 《Natural product research》2019,33(6):921-924
Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic drug that is safe at therapeutic doses. However, acetaminophen overdose can be fatal. Currently, the only treatment available is the N-acetyl cysteine. The diterpene kaurenoic acid (ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid, KA) is the major constituent of Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski. KA presents anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and antioxidant properties. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of KA in a model of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. KA increased, in a dose-dependent manner, the survival rate after acetaminophen overdose. KA reduced acetaminophen-induced hepatic necrosis and ALT and AST levels. KA decreased acetaminophen-induced neutrophil and macrophage recruitment, oxidative stress and the production of IL-33, TNF-α and IL-1β, alongside with normalisation of IL-10 levels in the liver. Therefore, KA showed preclinical efficacy in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity and lethality. 相似文献
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97.
Dr. Pavel Ryabchuk Thomas Leischner Dr. Carsten Kreyenschulte Dr. Anke Spannenberg Dr. Kathrin Junge Prof. Dr. Matthias Beller 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,132(42):18838-18844
A bifunctional 3d-metal catalyst for the cascade synthesis of diverse pyrroles from nitroarenes is presented. The optimal catalytic system Co/NGr-C@SiO2-L is obtained by pyrolysis of a cobalt-impregnated composite followed by subsequent selective leaching. In the presence of this material, (transfer) hydrogenation of easily available nitroarenes and subsequent Paal–Knorr/Clauson-Kass condensation provides >40 pyrroles in good to high yields using dihydrogen, formic acid, or a CO/H2O mixture (WGSR conditions) as reductant. In addition to the favorable step economy, this straightforward domino process does not require any solvents or external co-catalysts. The general synthetic utility of this methodology was demonstrated on a variety of functionalized substrates including the preparation of biologically active and pharmaceutically relevant compounds, for example, (+)-Isamoltane. 相似文献
98.
Capparelli conjectured two modular identities for partitions whose parts satisfy certain gap conditions, which were motivated by the calculation of characters for the standard modules of certain affine Lie algebras and by vertex operator theory. These identities were subsequently proved and refined by Andrews, who related them to Jacobi theta functions, and also by Alladi–Andrews–Gordon, Capparelli and Tamba–Xie. In this paper we prove two new companions to Capparelli's identities, where the evaluations are expressed in terms of Jacobi theta functions and false theta functions. 相似文献
99.
Antimony oxide iodide, Sb5O7I (?7Sb2O3.SbI3), is monoclinic and exists in at least 8 polytypic modifications. Crystals of these (transparent, pseudohexagonal prisms up to 15 × 10 × 5 mm3) were grown by vacuum sublimation and identified by optical and X-ray methods. Depending on the stacking sequence of characteristic slabs of antimony and oxygen in the (monoclinic) b-direction, centric and acentric polytypes result. The former show pure ferroelastic, the latter combined ferroelastic + ferroelectric behaviour. All polytypes transform reversibly into hexagonal, nonferroic phases at characteristic Curie temperatures between 165 and 208°C. The crystals can assume one of the three stable orientation states which may be mutually switched into each other by successive application of comprehensive stress (of the order of 106 N/m2) on the three pairs of prism faces. In the ferroelectric polytypes the spontaneous polarization (about 5 × 10-3 C/m2) is not reversible but only reorientable by ± 120° by coercive fields in the order of 2–5 kV/cm. Ferroelectricity and ferroelasticity are fully coupled. 相似文献
100.
Rudolf Knorr Ernst Lattke Jakob Ruhdorfer Kathrin Ferchland Ulrich von Roman 《Tetrahedron》2018,74(14):1621-1631
Common wisdom might anticipate that two methyl groups placed on a molecular migration route should act as an impediment. However, the “conducted tour” migration of Li+(THF)4 across the aryl ring (“π-route”) during the cis/trans stereoinversion of α-arylvinyllithiums had been found to occur with practically equal velocities in the presence of either one or two ortho-alkyl substituents. We now report that the omission of both ortho-methyl groups retards the stereoinversion process. In order to arrive at an answer to the title question, we investigate the aggregation equilibria and microsolvation states of ortho, ortho′-unsubstituted α-lithiostyrenes by means of approved secondary NMR criteria. Beyond such necessary knowledge about the ground-state properties, we provide kinetic evidence showing that the retarded cis/trans stereoinversion of α-lithiostyrene proceeds by the pseudomonomolecular, ionic mechanism with Li+(THF)4 migration. 相似文献