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91.
Steven C. Smith Shane M. Peper Matthew Douglas Kate L. Ziegelgruber Erin C. Finn 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2009,282(2):617-621
Bench scale experiments were conducted to determine the dissolution characteristics of UO2, U3O8, and UO3 in aqueous peroxide-containing carbonate solutions. The experimental parameters investigated included carbonate countercation
(NH4
+, Na+, K+, and Rb+) and H2O2 concentration. The carbonate countercation had a dramatic influence on the dissolution behavior of UO2 in 1 M carbonate solutions containing 0.1 M H2O2, with the most rapid dissolution occurring in (NH4)2CO3 solution. The initial dissolution rate (y) of UO2 in 1 M (NH4)2CO3 increased linearly with peroxide concentration (x) ranging from 0.05 to 2 M according to: y = 2.41x + 1.14. The trend in initial dissolution rates for the three U oxides under study was UO3 ≫ U3O8 > UO2. 相似文献
92.
Shani Sperinck Thomas Becker Kate Wright William R. Richmond 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》2009,65(1-2):89-95
A solvothermal method has been used to prepare hybrid inorganic–organic composites with a lamellar structure in which layers of wurtzite ZnS are separated by intercalated diamine molecules. A hybrid composite prepared with diethylenetriamine has been isolated and characterised and its structure and properties compared with those of the composite prepared using ethylenediamine. Comparative structural and morphological studies of the two lamellar hybrid composites are described on the basis of powder XRD, electron and scanning probe microscopies and thermal analysis of the materials. 相似文献
93.
Pavla Sedláková Adam Eckhardt Kateřina Lacinová Statis Pataridis Ivan Mikšík Vladimír Král Václav Kašička 《Journal of separation science》2009,32(22):3930-3935
Open‐tubular CEC (OT‐CEC) with a new stationary phase, salophene–lanthanide–Zn2+ complex, has been applied to the separation of tryptic peptides of native BSA and BSA glycated by glucose and ribose. Glycation of proteins (non‐enzymatic modification by sugars) significantly affects their properties and it is of great importance from a physiological point of view. Separation of tryptic peptides of glycated BSA by CZE was poor because of their strong adsorption to the bare fused silica capillary. An improved separation of tryptic peptides of both native and glycated BSA was achieved by OT‐CEC in the fused silica capillary non‐covalently coated with salophene–lanthanide–Zn2+ complex, which suppressed the adsorption of peptides to the capillary and via specific interactions with some (glyco)peptides enhanced selectivity of the separation. Significant differences have been found in OT‐CEC analyses of tryptic hydrolysates of native and glycated BSA. In OT‐CEC‐UV profile of tryptic peptides of native BSA, 44 peaks could be resolved, whereas a reduced number of 38 peaks were observed in the profile of tryptic peptides of glucose‐glycated BSA and only 30 peaks were found in the case of ribose‐glycated BSA. The developed OT‐CEC can be potentially used for monitoring of protein glycation. 相似文献
94.
Preechaworapun A Chuanuwatanakul S Einaga Y Grudpan K Motomizu S Chailapakul O 《Talanta》2006,68(5):1726-1731
Sulfonamides (SAs) were electrochemically investigated using cyclic voltammetry at a boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode. Comparison experiments were carried out using a glassy carbon electrode. The BDD electrode provided well-resolved oxidation, irreversible cyclic voltammograms and higher current signals when compared to the glassy carbon electrode. Results obtained from using the BDD electrode in a flow injection system coupled with amperometric detection were illustrated. The optimum potential from a hydrodynamic voltammogram was found to be 1100 mV versus Ag/AgCl, which was chosen for the HPLC-amperometric system. Excellent results of linear range and detection limit were obtained. This method was also used for determination of sulfonamides in egg samples. The standard solutions of 5, 10, and 15 ppm were spiked in a real sample, and percentage of recoveries was found to be between 90.0 and 107.7. 相似文献
95.
The palladium-catalyzed C-H fluorination of 8-methylquinoline derivatives with nucleophilic fluoride is reported. This transformation involves the use of AgF as the fluoride source in combination with a hypervalent iodine oxidant. Both the scope and mechanism of the reaction are discussed. 相似文献
96.
Pimková K Bocková M Hegnerová K Suttnar J Cermák J Homola J Dyr JE 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2012,402(1):381-387
The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor system with dispersionless microfluidics for the direct and label-free detection
of a soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (sVEGFR-1) is described. The detection approach takes advantage of
an affinity interaction between sVEGFR-1 and its ligand, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A), which is covalently
immobilized on the surface of the SPR sensor. The ability of the immobilized VEGF-A to specifically bind the sVEGFR-1 receptor
is demonstrated in a buffer. The detection of sVEGFR-1 in 2% human blood plasma is carried out by using the sequential injection
approach. The detection limit of 25 ng/mL is achieved. In addition, we demonstrate that the functional surface of the sensor
can be regenerated for repeated use. 相似文献
97.
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-capped silver nanoparticles (ATP-Ag NPs) were synthesized by reduction of AgNO(3) with borohydride in water with ATP as a capping ligand. The NPs obtained were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. A typical preparation produced ATP-Ag NPs with diameters of 4.5 ± 1.1 nm containing ~2800 Ag atoms and capped with 250 ATP capping ligands. The negatively charged ATP caps allow NP incorporation into layer-by-layer (LbL) films with poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride at thiol-modified Au electrode surfaces. Cyclic voltammetry in a single-layer LbL film of NPs showed a chemically reversible oxidation of Ag NPs to silver halide NPs in aqueous halide solutions and to Ag(2)O NPs in aqueous hydroxide solutions. TEM confirmed that this takes place via a redox-driven solid-state phase transformation. The charge for these nontopotactic phase transformations corresponded to a one-electron redox process per Ag atom in the NP, indicating complete oxidation and reduction of all Ag atoms in each NP during the electrochemical phase transformation. 相似文献
98.
Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a rapid and highly sensitive spectroscopic technique that has the potential to measure chemical changes in bacterial cell surface in response to environmental changes. The objective of this study was to determine whether SERS had sufficient resolution to differentiate closely related bacteria within a genus grown on solid and liquid medium, and a single Arthrobacter strain grown in multiple chromate concentrations. Fourteen closely related Arthrobacter strains, based on their 16S rRNA gene sequences, were used in this study. After performing principal component analysis in conjunction with Linear Discriminant Analysis, we used a novel, adapted cross-validation method, which more faithfully models the classification of spectra. All fourteen strains could be classified with up to 97% accuracy. The hierarchical trees comparing SERS spectra from the liquid and solid media datasets were different. Additionally, hierarchical trees created from the Raman data were different from those obtained using 16S rRNA gene sequences (a phylogenetic measure). A single bacterial strain grown on solid media culture with three different chromate levels also showed significant spectral distinction at discrete points identified by the new Elastic Net regularized regression method demonstrating the ability of SERS to detect environmentally induced changes in cell surface composition. This study demonstrates that SERS is effective in distinguishing between a large number of very closely related Arthrobacter strains and could be a valuable tool for rapid monitoring and characterization of phenotypic variations in a single population in response to environmental conditions. 相似文献
99.
van Werven JR Marsman HA Nederveen AJ ten Kate FJ van Gulik TM Stoker J 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2012,30(1):112-121
Purpose
To investigate the feasibility of in vivo assessment of hepatic lipid composition using 3.0-T proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in a steatotic rat model and compare it to histopathological and biochemical assessment.Materials and Methods
Hepatic steatosis was induced by feeding rats with a methionine/choline-deficient (MCD) diet for 1, 2, 3, 5 or 7 weeks (n=5 per group). At the end of the diet period, 1H-MRS of the liver was performed, and rats were sacrificed for histopathological and biochemical assessment of the liver. Spectra were acquired in a single voxel (1.2 cc) using a point-resolved spectroscopic sequence with TE/TR=35/2000 ms and 64 signal acquisitions. From the MR spectra, peak area ratios were calculated to estimate hepatic lipid composition.Results
During MCD diet periods, hepatic steatosis significantly increased on histopathology (P<.001). The 1H-MRS measurements of total hepatic fat content [1.3/(1.3+4.65) ppm] correlated strongly with histological macrovesicular hepatic steatosis (r=0.93, P<.001) and with the biochemical total hepatic fatty acids (r=0.94, P<.001). Total unsaturated fatty acids [TUFA, 5.4/(1.3+4.65) ppm] estimated with 1H-MRS strongly correlated with the biochemical unsaturated fatty acids (r=0.90, P<.001). Polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFA, 2.8/(1.3+4.65) ppm] estimated with 1H-MRS strongly correlated with biochemical PUFA (r=0.91, P<.001). The proportion of total unsaturated fatty acids relative to the amount of total fatty acids (rTUFA, 5.4/1.3ppm) measured with 1H-MRS strongly correlated with the biochemical amount of unsaturated relative to total hepatic fatty acids (r=0.81, P<.001). The proportion of PUFA relative to the amount of total fatty acids (rPUFA, 2.8/1.3 ppm) measured with 1H-MRS correlated with the biochemical amount of PUFA relative to total fatty acids (r=0.59, P=0.005,) and with the biochemical amount of omega-6 PUFA relative to total fatty acids (r=0.73, P<.001).PUFA at 1H-MRS correlated with the histopathologically assessed degree of lobular inflammation in the liver (r=0.57, P=.001).Conclusion
3.0T 1H-MRS is able to measure poly- and unsaturated hepatic fatty acids and this strongly correlates with biochemical assessment. This study provides evidence that 3.0-T 1H-MRS is a noninvasive technique to assess hepatic lipid composition. 相似文献100.
Eva Vítová Blanka Loupancová Kate?ina Sklená?ová Radka Divi?ová Franti?ek Buňka 《Chemical Papers》2012,66(10):907-913
The simple and rapid solid-phase micro-extraction method using gas chromatography was used for the identification and quantification of volatile aroma compounds in various types of processed cheese analogues produced from different types of fat (butter, butter oil, coconut oil, palm oil, and sunflower oil). In total, 31 organic compounds belonging to five chemical groups were identified, with the alcohols and fatty acids quantitatively predominant. The contents of the aroma compounds (the so-called aroma profiles) of the analogues and corresponding fats used as raw materials were compared. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between samples. The highest total content of aroma compounds was found in coconut oil analogue ((547.30 ± 9.82) mg kg?1), the lowest in palm oil analogue ((372.01 ± 16.16) mg kg?1). The concentrations of aroma compounds in fats were substantially lower (p < 0.05) than in analogues. Hence, the largest number of aroma analogues came from Edam cheese used for production as a protein source. 相似文献