Verwendung eines Ge(Li)-Detektors in der radiochemischen Analyse

Zusammenfassung Zur Bestimmung der U- und Th-Gehalte in 0,5–1,5mg wiegenden Mikroproben von ThO₂-UO₂-Kernbrennstoffen wurde die Neutronenaktivierungsanalyse mit zerstörungsfreier-Spektrometrie eingesetzt. Bei Gehalten über 0,1% beträgt die relative Standardabweichung 6%. Der Th-Gehalt der Mikroproben wird durch-spektrometrische Messung des²³³Pa ermittelt; bei Natur-Uran enthaltenden Proben wird der U-Gehalt über²³⁹Np bestimmt, bei hochangereichertes UO₂ enthaltenden Proben über¹³¹J. Mit der beschriebenen Methode können sowohl unbestrahlte als auch bestrahlte ThO₂-UO₂-Kernbrennstoffe untersucht werden.

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Use of a Ge(Li) detector in radiochemical analysisII. determination of U and Th contents in microsamples of ThO²-UO² nuclear fuels

Neutron activation analysis with non-destructive-spectrometry has been used to determine U and Th in microsamples (0.5–1.5 mg) from ThO₂-UO₂ nuclear fuels. With U contents of more than 0.1% the relative standard deviation amounts to 6%. Th in the microsamples is estimated by measuring²³³Pa; in natural UO₂ containing samples²³⁹Np ist measured for U determination, in highly enriched UO₂ samples¹³¹J. Fresh und spent ThO₂-UO₂ nuclear fuels can be investigated by the method described.

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Teil I siehe [3].

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Herrn G. Hofmann danken wir für die Entnahme der Mikro-Bohrproben aus den bestrahlten und unbestrahlten Brennstoffschliffen.     

Mo¨ssbauer studies of thiospinels. III. The system FeCr2S4 -FeIn2S4

Polycrystalline samples of spinel compounds FeCr_2?xIn_xS₄ have been obtained in the range 0 ≦ x ≦ 2. The nonlinear changes of the cell parameters are explained by the nonlinear behavior of the inversion parameter λ according to the ionic distribution Fe²⁺_1?λIn³⁺_λ[Cr³⁺_2?xFe²⁺_λIn³⁺_x?λ]S^2?₄. Room temperature⁵⁷Fe-Mo¨ssbauer spectra exhibit two sets of absorptions for tetrahedrally and octahedrally coordinated Fe, respectively, each consisting of several overlapping doublets of similar isomer shifts but varying quadrupole splittings. The partial intensity of octahedral-site Fe is in agreement with λ. The spectra can be understood by accounting for the influence of variable octahedral-site neighbors on tetrahedral-site iron.     

A unified treatment of valence and bond order from density operators

A generalization of the quantum chemical definition of valence of atoms in molecules is suggested. Valence is considered as expectation value of diatomic parts of density operators. It appears as a sum of contributions from occupied orbitals of all atomic pairs that contain the reference atom. This definition is applicable on self-consistent-field (SCF ) and configuration interaction (CI ) level in any atomic orbitals (AO ) basis. Its usefulness is demonstrated in an application to special molecules. Photoelectron spectroscopy and reactivity is discussed in this context.     

Conversion of Campholene- to Necrodane-Type Monoterpenes. A short stereoselective synthesis of (−)-(R,R)-β-necrodol and its three stereoisomers

Application of a stereoselective Prins/retro-Prins rearrangement sequence from (?)-(R)-campholenyl acetate((?)- 4 ) opens a new access to the naturally occurring (?)-(R, R)-β-necrodol ((?)- 1 ) and its three stereoisomers with high optical purity.     

Ab initio calculation of the effective valence shell hamiltonian of carbon: Simultaneous treatment of neutral and ion states

The n = 2 effective valence shell hamiltonian, $\text{H}$^v, of carbon is evaluated through second order using ³P Hartree—Fock orbitals (5s4p) with added d functions to provide results within a few percent of the spd convergence limits. The calculated $\text{H}$^v is employed to evaluate the n = 2 valence states of C, C^?, C⁺, C²⁺ and C³⁺ with an average deviation of the 21 excitation energies, ionization potentials and electron affinity from experimental values of 0.32 eV. Three-electron parts of $\text{H}$^v contribute substantially to a number of these excitation energies.     

Theory of correlation measurements of resonance light scattering

The boson nature of radiation is shown to give rise to a purely quantum mechanical exchange contribution to the intensity-intensity correlation function for resonant light scattering by an atomic or molecular system. The exchange contribution can be decomposed into three components, one involving the intensity correlation for a pair of coherently scattered photons (“resonant Raman” processes), another for a pair of incoherently scattered ones (“resonance fluorescence”), and the last involving the exchange correlation one of each. The intensity correlation measurements of Kimble et al., on optically pumped atomic beams of sodium atoms are interpreted with the theory, producing values of the decay rate of the excited sodium atoms and of the coherence time of the exciting radiation in good agreement with expectations.