Photo- and Ionochromic Spiroindoline-2,2′-pyrano[2,3-<Emphasis Type="Italic">f</Emphasis>]chromenecarbohydrazides—Chemosensors for Lanthanide Cations

Photochromic indoline spiropyrans with carbohydrazide substituents in the pyrano[2,3-f]chromene moiety of the molecule have been synthesized. These compounds exhibit inochromic properties and are chromogenic (“naked-eye”) and fluorogenic chemosensors for lanthanide cations.     

Synthesis, structures, and photochromic properties of 2-methylthieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophen-3-ylfulgide

The novel heterocyclic fulgide, 3-(1-methylethylidene)-4-[1-(2-methylthieno[3,2-b]-[1]benzothiophen-3-yl)ethylidene]dihydrofuran-2,5-dione, was obtained and isolated as a Z-isomer. Its structure was confirmed by electronic absorption spectroscopy, ¹H NMR spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The novel thienothiophene fulgide is photochromic in both solutions and the crystalline state. Its colored cyclic form resists photodegradation and is thermally stable. When benzothiophene is annulated with the thienyl fragment, the long-wavelength absorption peak of the cyclic isomer of the novel fulgide experiences a bathochromic shift compared to the earlier described 3-thienylfulgide. The TD B3LYP/6-311G**-calculated spectroscopic characteristics of the fulgide isomers suggest the formation of their photostationary mixture under irradiation with λ = 365 nm. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 12, pp. 2318–2324, December, 2007.     

Discrete Integrators Based on Superionic Conductors: Perspective for Measuring the Amount of Electric Energy

The possibilities of using discrete integrators based on superionic conductors in a device for measuring the electric energy consumption in local networks are considered. The device is easily assembled at the working place. The system can also be used for measuring both the spent charge (ampere-hours) and the amount of consumed energy. When measuring, recording, and storing the information, the system needs no power supply and does not have to be connected to a live line by breaking it.     

4-Het(aryl)-2-pyrrolidone-3(5)-carboxylic acid alkyl(hetaryl)idenecarbohydrazides: synthesis and structure

Russian Chemical Bulletin - 4-Het(aryl)-2-pyrrolidone-3(5)-carboxylic acid hydrazides react with aromatic aldehydes, acetone, and acetophenone to give new representatives of...     

Effect of the nanofilm thickness on the properties of the two-dimensional electron gas at the interface between two dielectrics

The mechanism of formation of the two-dimensional conductivity along the interface between two polymer dielectrics is experimentally studied. The idea of “polar catastrophe,” which was successfully used earlier to explain the electronic properties of the interface between two perovskites LaAlO₃/SrTiO₃, is chosen as a base hypothesis. Piezoelectric response microscopy is used to reveal the presence of spontaneous polarization on the surface of a polymer film, and the remanent polarization is found to decrease with increasing film thickness. As in the case of perovskites, the polymer film thickness is found to strongly affect the electrical conductivity along the interface. Substantial differences between these phenomena are detected. The change in the electrical conductivity is shown to be caused by a significant increase in the charge carrier mobility when the film thickness decreases below a certain critical value. The relation between the change in the carrier mobility and the change in the spontaneous surface polarization of the polymer film when its thickness decreases is discussed.     

Elucidation of the Structure of Products of Triphenylphosphine Electrooxidation in the Presence of Camphene

The structure of the products of anodic oxidation of triphenylphosphine in the presence of camphene carried out in acetonitrile with sodium perchlorate as supporting electrolyte has been studied. The major product, triphenylphosphine oxide, has been isolated from the solution in the form of cocrystals of free triphenylphosphine oxide and its complex with sodium perchlorate. The molecular structure of the cocrystals has been studied by X-ray diffraction analysis. Triphenylcamphenylphosphonium perchlorate, bornylacetamide, and a terpene compound with triphenylphosphonium and acetamide substituents in the cycle have been detected by NMR ¹³C as the electrolysis side products.

     

Synthesis and photochromic and fluorescence properties of 3-(1-benzyl-5-methoxy-2-methylindolyl)-4-thienyl-substituted furan(pyrrole)-2,5-diones

New nonsymmetrical dihetarylethenes, 3-(1-benzyl-5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-4-(3-thienyl)furan-2,5-dione and 1-alkyl- and (1-aryl)-3-(1-benzyl-5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-4-(3-thienyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione, exhibiting photochromic properties in solutions were synthesized. Noncyclic isomers of dihetarylethenes show fluorescence with quantum yields up to 0.13.