Chemical reactivities of the cation and anion of M@C82 (M = Y, La, and Ce)

The chemical reduction and oxidation of M@C82 (M = Y, La, and Ce) afford the corresponding anion and cation, respectively, which show unique and interesting chemical reactivities. It is found that the successful reversible gain or loss of electrons by ionization is useful for controlling the stability and reactivity of M@C82 toward both nucleophiles and electrophiles.     

Studies on the syntheses of azole derivatives. Part I. Formation of 1-substituted-3-hydroxy-1H-indazole and I-substituted benzimidazolin-2-one derivatives by thermal reaction of N-substituted-N-arylcarbamoyl azides.

The formation of 1-substituted-3-hydroxy-1H-indazole and 1-substituted-benzimidazolin-2-one derivatives by thermal reaction of N-substituted-N-arylcarbamoyl azides was examined.     

Electrolytic reduction of molybdophosphate in aqueous acetonitrile and its application to flow-coulometric determination of orthophosphate

The formation and electrolytic reduction of molybdophosphate in aqueous solutions of various water-miscible organic solvents have been extensively investigated. Acetonitrile was found to be the most useful of these solvents. Two species of molybdophosphate are formed in aqueous acetonitrile, one of which changes spontaneously into the other, which is quite stable and undergoes a 2-electron electrolytic reduction. On the basis of these facts, a flow-coulometric method for orthophosphate has been developed, applicable to the range 5 × 10⁻⁶-1 × 10⁻³M. It has been used for determination of orthophosphate in several phosphorus compounds, some of which are acid-labile.     

Total synthesis of a macrocyclic spermidine alkaloid,codonocarpine

Total synthesis of codonocarpine ($\text{5}$) and its regio-isomer ($\text{1}$$\text{5}$) utilizing a new cyclization procedure is described.     

Opposite-side angular correlation of high-pT particles as a probe of gluons

Opposite-side angular distributions of high-p_T particles in the jet trigger experiments are studied in the lowest-order QCD. Gluon jets play a crucial role in understanding correlations between two high-p_T jets. The angular distribution of the positive-to-negative particle ratio and that of charmed particles can be good probes of the gluon density inside a nucleon.     

Effects of degree of crystallinity upon dielectric behaviors in some aromatic Polyesters

Zusammenfassung An vier polymerhomologen Reihen von Oligomeren des Nylon 6-, Nylon 66- und Polyurethantyps wurde der Einfluß einer Temperaturvorbehandlung, der Phenolquellung und der Kristallisationsbedingungen auf die Langperiode röntgenographisch untersucht. Es wurde der Polymerisationsgrad festgestellt, bei dem die Oligomeren der vier Reihen erstmalig moleküllängenunabhängige Langperioden nach Art der vonHeß undKießig in Röntgenogrammen von Polyamiden und Polyestern entdeckten Kleinwinkelinterferenzen liefern.Das Auftreten vonHeß-Kießig-Reflexen in denKratky-Diagrammen der höheren Oligomeren wird durch Kettenüberfaltung erklärt.XXVII. Mitt. über Oligomere. XXVI. Mitt. vgl.Zahn, H., J. Kunde undG. Heidemann, Makromol. Chem.43, 220 (1961).Dem Andenken anKurt Heß gewidmet.Wir danken dem Bundeswirtschaftsministerium (Forschungsvorhaben J 272), dem Fonds der Chemischen Industrie, Düsseldorf, sowie der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bad Godesberg, für die Förderung dieser Arbeit.     

Extraction—spectrophotometric determination of cadmium with diphenylcarbazone in the presence of 1,10-phenanthroline

The addition of 1,10-phenanthroline improves both the extraction and the spectrophotometric sensitivity of the determination of cadmium with diphenylcarbazone. Slope analysis suggests the formation of a 1:2:2 extracted species. The molar absorptivity is 9.4 × 10⁴ l cm^-1 mol^-1 at 536 nm and extraction is maximal at pH 8.2–9.8. Extraction is rapid and absorbances remain constant at room temperature for 48 h. Various divalent metal ions interfere.     

Solid-liquid interfacial energy In Fe40at%Ni14at%P6at%B alloy glass

Based on nucleation theory, the solid-liquid interfacial energy is estimated to be about 87 ± 2 mJ/m² by the use of the nucleation frequency, supercooled liquid viscosity, and the melting point of Fe40at%Ni14at%P6at%B alloy glass. The value of this energy is found to be quite close to that estimated by means of Turnbull's assumption applied in covalent elements.