Quantitative Relationships Between Molecular Descriptors,Chromatographic Retention Behavior,and In Vitro Antituberculosis Activity of Phytol Derivatives

JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - The lipophilic character of phytol derivatives has been studied using reverse-phase planar chromatographic procedures....     

Synthesis and characterization of supramolecular optically active bisamides derived from amino acids

The synthesis and phase transitional behaviour of three pairs of enantiomeric supramolecular hexacatenar liquid crystals (LCs) derived from natural α-amino acids such as l/d-alanine, l/d-leucine and l/d-valine are described. Their preparation with high enantiomeric purity was accomplished by condensing optically active (amino acid residue containing) trialkoxy amines with a 3,4,5-trialkoxy cinnamic acid core using a peptide coupling reagent namely, 2-(1H-benzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-uronium hexafluorophosphate (HBTU). The mesomorphic behaviour of these self-complementing mesogens was ascertained by polarising optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. The compounds exhibit columnar (Col) phase over a wide thermal range. Particularly, a pair of enantiomers derived from l/d-leucine residues notably stabilize hexagonal Col (Col_h) phase over a wide temperature range of ?5 °C to 180 °C. Circular dichroism (CD) and FTIR studies suggest the chiral (helical) organization of mesogens within the columns through intermolecular hydrogen bonding; thus, these enantiomers represent one of the rarely reported examples of LCs exhibiting supramolecular Col_h phase at room temperature. The gelation studies reveal the ability of these bisamides to form stable supramolecular gels in ethanol caused through H-bonding interactions.     

Regulation of vincamine biosynthesis and associated growth promoting effects through abiotic elicitation,cyclooxygenase inhibition,and precursor feeding of bioreactor grown Vinca minor hairy roots

Hydroxylase/acetyltransferase elicitors and cyclooxygenase inhibitor along with various precursors from primary shikimate and secoiridoid pools have been fortified to vincamine less hairy root clone of Vinca minor to determine the regulatory factors associated with vincamine biosynthesis. Growth kinetic studies revealed that acetyltransferase elicitor acetic anhydride and terpenoid precursor loganin significantly reduce the growth either supplemented alone or in combination (GI?=?140.6?±?18.5 to 246.7?±?24.3), while shikimate and tryptophan trigger biomass accumulation (GI?=?440.2?±?31.5 to 540.5?±?40.3). Loganin also downregulates total alkaloid biosynthesis. Maximum flux towards vincamine production (0.017?±?0.001 % dry wt.) was obtained when 20-day-old hairy roots were fortified with secologanin (10 mg/l) along with tryptophan (100 mg/l), naproxen (8.4 mg/l), hydrogen peroxide (20 μg/l), and acetic anhydride (32.4 mg/l). This was supported by RT PCR (qPCR) analysis where 2- and 3-fold increase in tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC; RQ?=?2.0?±?0.09) and strictosidine synthase (STR; RQ?=?3.3?±?0.36) activity, respectively, was recorded. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) for growth kinetics, total alkaloid content, and gene expression studies favored highly significant data (P?<?0.05–0.01). Above treated hairy roots were also up-scaled in a 5-l stirred-tank bioreactor where a 40-day cycle yielded 8-fold increase in fresh root mass.     

Dielectric behaviour of alkaline earth oxides and sulphides

Dielectric behaviour of MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO, SrS and BaS has been studied on the basis of the shell model and the exchange charge shell model. Values of polarizabilities and effective charge parameter calculated from the two models are compared with experimental data.     

Analysis of polarizabilities of alkali halides using Narayan-Ramaseshan repulsive potential

The repulsive potential in ionic crystals recently proposed by Narayan and Ramaseshan (NR) can be expressed as the sum of the contributions from the individual ions. In the present paper we show that using this repulsive potential it is possible to divide the polarizability arising from the relative displacement of ions into its ionic constituents. NR have also derived the ionic radii in alkali halides which we have used to estimate the electronic polarizabilities of ions with the help of polarizability-radius cube relation. The electronic polarizabilities of alkali and halogen ions thus evaluated show a good agreement with those deduced from the experimental refraction data.     

Electronic polarizabilities and sizes of ions in AN B10−N type semiconductors

Electronic polarizabilities and sizes of ions in A^N B^10?N type semiconductors (PbS, PbSe, PbTe and SnTe) have been deduced in the present study. The free ion polarizabilities of Sn²⁺ and Pb²⁺ ions are estimated approximately following the procedure of Pauling. The effect of crystalline potential is then estimated on free cation polarizabilities. An empirical relation between ionic radii and polarizabilities has been applied to deduce the ionic sizes and anion polarizabilities. The calculated molecular electronic polarizabilities agree well with the experimental values. The variation of dielectric constant with strain has also been estimated in each crystal and the results are explained in terms of the optical anisotropy parameter.     

πℓ2, Kℓ3and K0−K0 constraints on leptoquarks and supersymmetric particles

Mass bounds from different processes for charged Higgs particles, for pseudoscalar leptoquarks occurring in dynamically broken theories, for vector leptoquarks occurring in the Pati-Salam type of grand unified theories and for the exotic particles of supersymmetric theories are studied. The processes considered are the π → eν to π → μν branching ratio, the CP-violating K?3 decay parameters, and the CP-violating part of the K_L ? K_S mass difference. The π → eν to π → μν branching ratio sets the most stringent bounds, 0.5 TeV for charged Higgs particles, 1 TeV for pseudoscalar leptoquarks, 125 TeV for vector leptoquarks and 0.1–1 TeV for the supersymmetric partners of ordinary particles. The π?2 branching ratio should be sensitive at the present experimental accuracy to the effects of pseudoscalar leptoquarks.     

An application of the theory of Bi-determinantal intrinsic states to28Si

For some 4n nuclei in the 2s?1d shell, Hartree-Fock (HF) theory with most two-body interactions predicts nearly degenerate prolate and oblate Intrinsic states. The spectrum ofJ ^π states obtained from these Intrinsic states by projection is too compressed in relation to the observed levels. For such systems with a two-fold degeneracy of HF solutions, a Bi-Determinantal Intrinsic state (BDIS) is the more apt variational state. The equations of the theory of BDIS, which were first derived by B. Bremond, are here simplified and cast in a form suitable for numerical solution. The transformation operators introduced by Bremond are given a suitable representation, compatible with the symmetries of these 4n nuclei, and an independent definition is then given of self-consistent (SC) Hamiltonians. These equations are then iteratively solved in a tripyl-SC way, by the method of diagonalizing the SC Hamiltonions, for the problematic nucleus²⁸Si. By angular momentum projection from this BDIS, the low-lying spectrum is obtained. The discrepancy between this projected spectrum and the observed levels suggests that²⁸Si is not describable by a BDIS. The present results are in reasonable agreement with those of other Multi-Determinantal Theories for this nucleus.