Assessment of thermal and antimicrobial properties of PAN/Zn-Al layered double hydroxide nanocomposites

Polyacrylonitrile-based Zn–Al layered double hydroxide composites (PAN/LDH) have been synthesised with different LDH content by in situ polymerisation technique. The nanocomposites were systematically studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and antibacterial activity measurement. The successful formation of exfoliated nanocomposite was inferred from the XRD patterns and HRTEM images. The thermal decomposition of PAN was enhanced upon nanocomposite (PAN/LDH) formation. The antimicrobial activity of PAN/LDH nanocomposites is evaluated for antibacterial activity against some clinically important bacterial pathogens and the bacterial growth is monitored at different percentage of LDH. The PAN/LDH composites displayed considerable antibacterial activity, on the contrary the virgin PAN did not possess any antibacterial activity. The likely electrostatic interaction among LDH layers with charged surface of bacterial cell is assumed to be responsible for antimicrobial activity. The prepared nanocomposite has appreciable thermal stability in combination with antibacterial activities by which the material is suitable for packaging and fabrication in textile application.     

Application of TiO2 nanofluid-based coolant for jet impingement quenching of a hot steel plate

Cooling rate in Run Out Table (ROT) in steel industries tailors microstructure which lead to improved mechanical properties. The current work aims to increase cooling performance of steel using TiO₂ nanofluid as coolant in jet impingement. Different concentrations of TiO₂ nanofluid have been used to study effect on jet cooling of a steel plate from 900°C. Thermal conductivity of nanofluid is found to significantly enhance at optimum concentration and this plays major role in increasing cooling rate of the steel plate. 19% enhancement in cooling rate is observed by using 40 ppm of TiO₂ nanofluid compared to water.     

Hexanuclear Zn(II) and Mononuclear Cu(II) Complexes containing imino phenol ligands: Exploitation of their Catalytic and Biological Perspectives

A unique hexanuclear zinc(II) ( 1 ) and two mononuclear copper(II) ( 2 and 3 ) complexes anchored with imino phenol ligand HL ¹ and HL ² were synthesized with good yield and purity (where HL ¹  = 4‐tert‐butyl‐2,6‐bis((mesitylimino)methylphenol and HL ²   =  5‐tert‐butyl‐2‐hydroxy‐3‐((mesitylimino)methyl)benzaldehyde). These complexes were characterized by utilizing various spectroscopic protocols like NMR, FTIR, UV as well as ESI‐Mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and single crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. Their potential to bind calf thymus DNA (CT‐DNA) was tested utilizing different techniques such as UV–visible and fluorescence spectroscopy. The experiment implies that they interact with CT‐DNA via non‐intercalative mode with moderate capabilities (K_b ~ 10⁴ M^?1). On the other hand, these complexes have high capabilities to quench the fluorescence of bovine serum albumin (BSA) following the static pathway. In addition, they are active catalysts for the oxidation reaction of 3,5‐di‐tert‐butylcatechol (3,5‐DTBC) to 3,5‐di‐tert‐butylquinone (3,5‐DTBQ) under aerobic condition. From the recorded EPR signals of all complexes, it has been concluded that the oxidation reaction proceeds via ligand oriented radical pathway instead of metal based redox participation. Kinetic studies using 1 – 3 indicate that it follows Michaelis–Menten type of equation with moderate to high turnover number (k_cat). Apart from these aspects, complexes 1 – 3 were screened for their cytotoxic behavior towards HeLa cells (human cervical carcinoma) and found quite active with comparable IC₅₀ values to cisplatin.     

Photo and thermally induced properties change in Bi/Ag/Se trilayer thin film

In this article, we have demonstrated the optical and structural properties change in Bi/Ag/Se trilayer thin films by the influence of thermal and photon energy. The trilayer films prepared by thermal evaporation technique were annealed and laser irradiated at room temperature. The X-ray diffraction study revealed the Ag₂Se phase formation and the surface morphology change is being studied by Field emission scanning electron microscopy. The optical properties of the studied films were characterized by using FTIR spectrophotometer in the wavelength range 400–1200?nm. The reduction of optical band gap by both thermal and laser irradiation is being discussed on the basis of chemical disorderness, defect states and density of localized states in the mobility gap. The Raman shift due to annealing and irradiation supports the changes in the film. The large change in optical band gap in thermal annealing is useful for memory device and waveguide fabrication.     

Molecular simulation study of triangle-well fluids confined in slit pores

Grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations are used to study the behaviour of triangle-well (TW) fluids with variable well widths confined inside slit pores. The effect of individual factors influencing the properties of confined fluids such as fluid–fluid interactions, pore size and pore wall–fluid interactions are obtained using simulations as it is difficult to experimentally determine the same. An interesting observation of this study is that inside the narrow pore of slit height h* = 5 at the high-pressure condition of P* = 0.8, for the TW fluid with long-range attraction or for the fluid at a low temperature for even a short-range attraction, the density profiles show layering such that there is a sticking tendency of the particles at centre, while there is a depletion of particles near the wall (as the layers at the centre have higher density peak heights than near the walls).     

On Inverse Limits and Direct Limits for Fuzzy Topological Spaces

Li has introduced the concepts of inverse system and direct system for fuzzy topological spaces and studied inverse limits and direct limits on such spaces by presenting the explicit constructions of these limits.In this paper some important concepts of fuzzy topology,such as,product fuzzy topology,quotient fuzzy topology,fuzzy continuity etc.,are used for further study of inverse limits and direct limits for fuzzy topological spaces.     

Observation of B(+/-) --> p(-)pK(+/-)

We report the observation of the decay mode B(+/-) --> p(-)pK(+/-)based on an analysis of 29.4 fb(-1) of data collected by the Belle detector at KEKB. This is the first example of a b-->s transition with baryons in the final state. The p(-)p mass spectrum in this decay is inconsistent with phase space and is peaked at low mass. The branching fraction for this decay is measured to be B(B+/--->p(-)pK+/-) = [4.3(+1.1)(-0.9)(stat)+/-0.5(syst)]x 10(-6). We also report upper limits for the decays B(0)-->p(-)pK(S) and B(+/-)-->p(-)p pi(+/-).     

Measurement of the lifetime difference in D0 meson decays

We report a measurement of the D0-D macro(0) mixing parameter y(CP) using 23.4 fb(-1) of data collected near the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at KEKB. y(CP) is measured from the lifetime difference of D0 mesons decaying into the K(-)pi(+) state and the CP-even eigenstate K(-)K(+). We find y(CP) = (-0.5+/-1.0(+0.7)(-0.8))x10(-2), where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic, corresponding to a 95% confidence interval -0.030相似文献   

Hydrolysis of schiff bases 2: Intramolecular catalysis of an ortho-hydroxy group in nonionic surfactant systems

The rates of hydrolysis of N-(2&4-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-aminobenzothiazoles has been studied in the pH range 4–13 in a 10% dioxane-water system and in various nonionic surfactant systems. The reaction is found to be due to water mediated intramolecular general base catalysis within the pH range 4.0 to 12.0 and due to nucleophilic catalysis beyond pH 12.0. A ten membered intermediate facilitating transannular attack of a water molecule on the methine carbon forming a naphthalene type transition state has been proposed. The reactivity difference in water and nonionic surfactants has been explained by a suitable entrapment model.