CuInSe2 thin-film deposition on flexible plastic substrate: electrolyte recirculation rate and deposition potential effects

Copper indium diselenide (CuInSe₂; CIS) layer was electrolytically plated from an aqueous medium at room temperature onto electroless nickel deposited on flexible plastic (Kapton). The CIS depositions were carried out under constant deposition potentials (−0.5 to −1.1 V vs. Ag/AgCl) and at various electrolyte flow rates (0.3 to 1.5 ml/s) under constant applied current. The resulting thin films were characterized using atomic force microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, environmental scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The surface morphology and the atomic composition of the deposited CIS film were found to be influenced by the deposition potential under potential control and the electrolyte recirculation rate under current control. Low electrolyte flow rates under constant current control and high cathodic deposition potential under voltage control favor the deposition of indium. CIS films of uniform deposit, smoother surfaces, and with better adhesion properties are favored by moderate electrolyte recirculation rate. At a current density of 0.6 mA/cm², the electrolyte recirculation rate required to achieve ideal CIS atomic composition was found to be 1.0 ml/s in such a setting. The crystallinity of the film improved after annealing for 2 h at 390 °C under argon atmosphere.     

Crystal structure of (ethylenediammonium-N,N′-di-3-propanoic acid) tetrachloropalladate(II) complex

The title compound was obtained by a synthesis from ethylenediamine-N,N-di-3-propanoic acid dihydrochloride (H₂eddp2HCl) and potassium hexachloropalladate(IV) (molar ratio 1:1, in water). Its structure has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction: monoclinic space group P2₁/n, a = 8.198(1), b = 10.282(1), c = 9.080(1) Å, = 103.62(1)°, V = 743.9(2) ų, and Z = 2. The dianionic complex has a square-planar coordination geometry with four chloro ligands, and ethylenediamine-N,N-di-3-propanoic acid as dication in the second coordination sphere. This is the first reported Pd(II) structure with uncoordinated H₂eddp.     

Structure determination and investigation on cytotoxicity of potassium dichlorido(l-prolinato)platinate(II) versus chlorido(dimethyl sulfoxide)(l-prolinato)platinum(II) complex - In vitro antitumor deactivation by Cl/dmso ligand exchange

Potassium dichlorido(l-prolinato)platinate(II), K[PtCl₂(l-pro_H)] (1), and chlorido(dimethyl sulfoxide)(l-prolinato)platinum(II), [PtCl(l-pro_H)(dmso)] (2), were synthesized by ligand substitution reactions. Both complexes were characterized by ¹H, ¹³C, and ¹⁹⁵Pt NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and HR-ESI-MS. The molecular structures of 1 and 2 were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction, proving bidentate coordinated l-prolinato ligand and SP-4-4 configuration of 2a. With the help of DFT calculations stability of possible isomers of 1 and 2 was studied. A considerable difference in the in vitro cytotoxicity of 1 versus 2a (exchange of one chlorido ligand by dmso) against four human cancer cell lines was found.