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Mikko Ora Kaisa Martikainen Kristian Lautkoski 《Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry》2013,26(3):218-225
Hydrolytic reactions of cyclic bis(3′‐5′)diadenylic acid (c‐di‐AMP) have been followed by Reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC) over a wide pH range at 90 °C. Under neutral and basic conditions (pH ≥ 7), disappearance of the starting material (first‐order in [OH?]) was accompanied by formation of a mixture of adenosine 2′‐monophosphate and 3′‐monophosphate (2′‐AMP and 3′‐AMP). Under very acidic conditions (from H0 = ?0.7 to 0.2), c‐di‐AMP undergoes two parallel reactions (first‐order in [H+]): the starting material is cleaved to 2′‐AMP and 3′‐AMP and depurinated to adenine (i.e., cleavage of the N‐glycosidic bond), the former reaction being slightly faster than the latter one. At pH 1–3, isomerization to cyclic bis(2′‐5′)diadenylic acid competes with the depurination. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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An enantioselective synthesis of the C(33)-C(37) tripropionate fragment of Amphotericin B has been developed in only 6 steps. 相似文献
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Kaisa Nyberg 《Archiv der Mathematik》1989,52(5):471-481
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Ollikka P Harjunpää T Palmu K Mäntsälä P Suominen I 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1998,75(2-3):307-321
The ligninolytic enzyme system ofPhanerochaete chrysosporiun is able to decolorize several recalcitrant dyes. Three lignin peroxidase isoenzymes, LiP 3.85, LiP 4.15, and LiP 4.65, were
purified by preparative isoelectric focusing from the carbon-limited culture medium ofP. chrysosporium. Based on amino terminal sequences, the purified isoenzymes correspond to the isoenzymes H8, H6, and H2, respectively, from
theN-limited culture. The purified isoenzymes were used for decolorization of an azo dye, Crocein Orange G (COG). According to
the kinetic data obtained, the oxidation of COG by lignin peroxidase appeared to follow Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Kinetic
parameters for each isoenzyme were determined. The inactivating effect of ascending H2O2 concentrations on COG oxidation is shown to be exponential within the used concentration range. The best degree of decolorization
of 100 μM COG was obtained when the H2O2 concentration was 150 μM. This was also the lowest H2O2 concentration for maximal decolorization of 100 μM COG, regardless of the amount of lignin peroxidase used in the reaction. 相似文献
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On cone characterizations of weak, proper and Pareto optimality in multiobjective optimization 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Efficient, weakly and properly Pareto optimal solutions of multiobjective optimization problems can be characterized with the help of different cones. Here, contingent, tangent and normal cones as well as cones of feasible directions are used in the characterizations. The results are first presented in convex cases and then generalized to nonconvex cases by employing local concepts. 相似文献
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