碱土－稀土氧化物在甲烷偶联反应中的催化性能

研究了两个典型轻稀土Ｌａ，Ｃｅ氧化物对甲烷氧化偶联反应的影响，具有较小比表面积的催化剂给出较高的Ｃ＿２选择性，但是催化剂的氧化还原性能对Ｃ＿２选择性的影响则更大，添加Ｌｉ的作用除产生Ｏ￣－中心外，还可抑制催化剂的氧化还原能力，从而改善Ｃ＿２选择性。甲烷氧化偶联反应属催化剂引发的自由基反应。     

利用Eu3+荧光特性研究CaO-La2O3催化剂结构

近年来，利用稀土窝子荧光特性作为探针研究无机、有机、生物大分子结构，日益引起人们的注意．因为稀土荧光特征可以灵敏地反映发光离子近部环境的对称性、所处格位及不同对称性的格位数、有无反演中。心等结构信息[1]．由于Eu3＋离子基态能级7F0和主要的发射能级5D0的总角动量数J都为零，不被晶体场所劈裂，而且Eu3＋在不同点群对称性时，7FJ（J＝1，2，3，4，5，6）的能级劈裂数和5D0→7FJ的跃过数均有报导[2]，所以，Eu3＋可用于探针分析减土金属氧化物和稀土金属氧化物都是甲烷氧化倡联较好的催化剂．前者具有较强的碱性，后者具…     

REACTION OF METHANE WITH CARBON DIOXIDE OVER SrNiAl_(11)O_(19)

合成了六铝酸盐ＳｒＮｉＡｌ１１Ｏ１９并用ＸＲＤ、ＵＶＤＲＳ、ＴＧＤＴＡ和ＴＥＭ等技术对其进行了表征。在７５０℃于ＳｒＮｉＡｌ１１Ｏ１９上进行的甲烷与二氧化碳重整反应表明，这类催化剂较Ｎｉ／ＳｒＡｌ１２Ｏ１９具有较大活性和低积碳能力，在催化反应过程中可有效地抑制Ｎｉ颗粒的增大。     

Methane Decomposition over Ni/α-Al_2O_3 Promoted by La_2O_3 and CeO_2

The decomposition of methane on Ni/a-Al2O3 modified by La2O3 and CeO2 with different contents has been investigated and the ralationship between methane decomposition and removal of carbon by CO2 over these catalyst has also been studied by pulse-chromatography. The catalysts were characterized by TPR and XRD. It was shown that Ni/a-Al2O3 could be promoted by adding La2O3, and the carbon species produced over this catalyst was activated and eliminated by CO2. But CeO2 would suppress the decomposition of methane over Ni crystallite. Both La2O3 and CeO2 can inhibit aggregation of the Ni particles. Decomposition of methane over the Ni-based catalysts is structure sensitive to a certain extent.     

MgO改性的γ-Al2O3负载CuCl2-KCl催化剂上乙烷氧氯化制氯乙烯

采用浸渍法制备了不同含量MgO改性的γ-Al2O3,采用X射线衍射、N2物理吸附、NH3的程序升温脱附和程序升温还原等手段表征了催化剂的结构、表面酸性和氧化还原性质,并对CuCl2-KCl/MgO-Al2O3催化剂催化乙烷氧氯化制氯乙烯反应进行了活性评价.XRD结果表明,通过使用Mg(NO3)2溶液浸渍γ-Al2O3载体在表面上形成了表层镁铝尖晶石结构.TPR结果说明,表层MgAl2O4的生成加强了活性物种Cu与载体的作用,促进了CuⅡ→CuⅠ的还原.CuCl2-KCl/MgO-Al2O3催化剂对乙烷氧氯化反应的催化性能表明,随着MgO-Al2O3载体中MgO含量的增加,乙烷转化率和氯乙烯选择性逐渐升高,当MgO含量增加至10%时,氯乙烯的选择性最高(49.1%).NH3-TPD结果表明,表层MgAl2O4中和了γ-Al2O3表面的强酸中心,增加了弱酸中心的数量是氯乙烯选择性提高的主要原因.     

甲烷与二氧化碳重整制取合成气反应的研究 (I)Sr_(1-x)La_xNiAl_(11)O_(19)催化活性表征

对具有磁铅石结构的Ｓｒ１－ｘＬａｘＮｉＡｌ１１Ｏ１９对甲烷与二氧化碳重整反应的催化活性、积炭量和稳定性进行了研究．不同还原温度下催化剂的ＸＲＤ和催化活性的实验结果表明，金属镍是ＣＨ４＋ＣＯ２重整反应的活性组分，金属镍含量越大，反应活性越高．反应后催化剂积炭量的分析结果说明，在相同镍含量和分散度的情况下，Ｌａ３＋离子对Ｓｒ２＋离子调变，可以降低催化剂的表面酸性，提高催化剂的抗积炭能力．ＬａＮｉＡｌ１１Ｏ１９是一种具有较好催化活性、稳定性和抗积炭性能的催化剂．     

Simultaneous manifestation of metallic conductivity and single-molecule magnetism in a layered molecule-based compound

Single-molecule magnets (SMMs) show superparamagnetic behaviour below blocking temperature at the molecular scale, so they exhibit large magnetic density compared to the conventional magnets. Combining SMMs and molecular conductors in one compound will bring about new physical phenomena, however, the synergetic effects between them still remain unexplored. Here we present a layered molecule-based compound, β′′-(BEDO-TTF)₄ [Co(pdms)₂]·3H₂O (BO4), (BEDO-TTF (BO) and H₂pdms are bis(ethylenedioxy)tetrathiafulvalene and 1,2-bis(methanesulfonamido)benzene, respectively), which was synthesized by using an electrochemical approach and studied by using crystal X-ray diffraction. This compound simultaneously exhibited metallic conductivity and SMM behaviour up to 11 K for the first time. The highest electrical conductivity was 400–650 S cm⁻¹ at 6.5 K, which is the highest among those reported so far for conducting SMM materials. Furthermore, antiferromagnetic ordering occurred below 6.5 K, along with a decrease in conductivity, and the angle-independent negative magnetoresistance suggested an effective electron correlation between the conducting BO and Co(pdms)₂ SMM layers (d–π interactions). The strong magnetic anisotropy and two-dimensional conducting plane play key roles in the low-temperature antiferromagnetic semiconducting state. BO4 is the first compound exhibiting antiferromagnetic ordering among SMMs mediated by π-electrons, demonstrating the synergetic effects between SMMs and molecular conductors.

A metallic single-molecule magnet was synthesised demonstrating simultaneous metallic conduction and excellent SMM properties at the same temperature range for the first time, with potential applications in molecule-based quantum spintronics.     

离子色谱法测定纯净水中6种阴离子

建立离子色谱法测定纯净水中F–,Br O3–,Cl–,NO2–,Br–,NO3–等6种阴离子的方法。淋洗液为1.2mmol/L Na HCO3–1.0 mmol/L Na2CO3混合溶液,流量为1.5 m L/min,柱箱温度为35℃。在底液中加入与淋洗液同浓度的Na2CO3–Na HCO3碱化底液可有效消除水负峰。6种阴离子的检出限为1.0~21.0μg/L,加标回收率在90.0%~106.0%之间,相对标准偏差为1.43%~4.49%(n=5)。该方法测定结果准确、可靠,操作简便快速,适用于纯净水中F–,Br O3–,Cl–,NO2–,Br–,NO3–的测定。     

Cr2O3-Co3O4／SiO2对十八醇氧化生成十八酸反应的催化性能

 制备了一系列不同Cr／Co比例的Cr2O3－Co3O4／SiO2催化剂，并用XRD，FT－IR和BET等手段对催化剂进行了表征；考察了催化剂对十八醇氧化生成十八酸反应的催化性能，及反应条件（反应温度和反应时间）对催化性能的影响，确定了最佳反应条件．结果表明，金属硝酸盐在773K焙烧后转变成相应的氧化物并负载于二氧化硅上．Cr2O3－Co3O4／SiO2催化剂对十八醇氧化反应有很高的催化活性，十八酸选择性最高可达99．93％，收率可达52．44％．Cr2O3－Co3O4／SiO2催化剂的活性明显高于单一的Cr2O3／SiO2或Co3O4／SiO2催化剂     

杂多化合物及其负载型催化剂的研究进展

详细介绍了杂多化合物及其负载型催化剂的研究进展并对不同的催化剂载体进行了总结。对杂多化合物与载体之间的相互作用以及杂多化合物催化剂的反应机理进行了讨论。