Reaction of 3/2-formylindoles with TOSMIC: formation of indolyloxazoles and stable indolyl primary enamines

3-Formylindole and its 1-substituted and 1,5-disubstituted derivatives react with TOSMIC in presence of potassium carbonate in methanol under reflux to furnish 5-(3′-indolyl)oxazoles, new stable E-2-(3′-indolyl)-2-tosylethenamines and two diastereomers of N-[2-(3′-indolyl)-1,2-dimethoxy]ethylformamides. In contrast, 2-formylskatole furnishes N-(1-tosyl-2-skatolyl)ethenylformamide.     

XPS study of CO oxidation on lanthanum cobaltite

XPS spectra of LaCoO₃ have been studied before and after in situ treatment with carbon monoxide at room temperature and at 470 K. It has been concluded that gaseous CO reacts with chemisorbed oxygen to form CO₂.

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LaCoO₃ in situ 200°C. , CO , CO₂.

     

The influence of Ni2+ lons on the distribution of Mg2+ and Cu2+ lons in spinel ferrites

Cation distribution in quenched and furnace-cooled samples of composition Ni_xM_1?xFe₂O₄ (where M is either Mg²⁺ or Cu²⁺) has been studied through magnetization measurements. It has been found that cation distribution in these mixed ferrites cannot be predicted by site preference energies. In magnesium-nickel ferrites, cation distribution is controlled by heat treatment up to x = 0.5, beyond which the effect of heat treatment diminishes. Addition of Ni²⁺ ions in copper ferrite reduces the diffusibility of Cu²⁺ ions and the distribution tends toward inverse spinel in the high-nickel region.     

Modulation of base excision repair alters cellular sensitivity to UVA1 but not to UVB1

Oxidative DNA damage has been implicated in some of the biological properties of UVA but so far not in the acute photosensitivity or cellular sensitivity. In contrast to pyrimidine dimers, oxidative DNA damage is predominantly processed by base excision repair (BER). In order to further clarify the role of oxidative DNA damage and its repair in the acute cellular response to UV light, we studied UVA1 and UVB sensitivities in three different cell model systems with modified BER. 8-Oxoguanine-DNA-glycosylase 1-/- (OGG1-/-) mouse embryonal fibroblasts and human fibroblasts in which BER was inhibited by incubation with methoxyamine were hypersensitive to UVA1, in particular to low doses. This hypersensitivity could be partially corrected by reexpression of OGG1 in OGG1-/- cells. The Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells with upregulated AP-endonuclease 1 exhibited reduced UVA1 sensitivity. UVB sensitivity was not altered in any of the cell models. These results indicate that DNA damage, in particular oxidative DNA damage, contributes to cellular UVA1 sensitivity and underline a pivotal role of its repair in the cellular responses to UVA1.     

Thermal characterisation of the non-stoichiometry and catalytic activity of BaxLn1−xCoO3 (Ln = La,Nd, Sm and Dy) compounds

The compounds Ba_xLn_1?xCoO₃ (Ln = La, Nd, Sm and Dy) were prepared by ceramic technique. They were characterised for oxygen non-stoichiometry using isothermal DTA under varying oxygen partial pressure and TG in air. Isothermal DTA was also employed to study the catalytic activity of the compounds towards CO oxidation. For a given compound, the oxygen deficiency increases with increasing temperature and decreasing oxygen partial pressure. For a given Ba_xLn_1?xCoO₃ series, in general barium-rich compounds were more oxygen deficient. Isothermal DTA study of CO oxidation over Ba_xLa_1?xCoO₃ compounds at 600 K suggested that the carbon monoxide takes up lattice-labile oxygen from the sample and is oxidised to CO₂, the percent CO conversion being higher for barium-rich samples.     

Liquid-liquid extraction of arsenic(III), antimony(III) and bismuth(III) with potassium ethyl xanthate

Summary Methods are described for quantitative extraction of arsenic(III), antimony(III) and bismuth(III) with potassium ethyl xanthate-carbon tetrachloride. The optimum acidity conditions are 0.1–0.2 M hydrochloric acid for arsenic, 1.8–2.5 M hydrochloric acid for antimony and p_H 1.5–4.0 for bismuth. From the organic extracts arsenic and antimony are estimated by conventional iodometric methods while bismuth is determined spectrophotometrically at 400 nm. The effect of acidity, reagent concentration, period of extraction and diverse ions are discussed. The infra-red spectra are also described.

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Zusammenfassung Verfahren für die Extraktion von As(III), Sb(III) und Bi(III) mit Kaliumäthylxanthat/Tetrachlorkohlenstoff werden beschrieben. Die optimalen Aciditätsbedingungen sind: 0,1–0,2 M HCl für As, 1,8–2,5 M HCl für Sb und p_H 1,5–4,0 für Bi. As und Sb werden nach Entfernung des organischen Lösungsmittels jodometrisch bestimmt; Bi wird im gelb gefärbten Extrakt spektrophotometrisch bei 400 nm bestimmt. Der Einflu\ der Acidität, der Reagenskonzentration, der Schütteldauer und verschiedener Fremdionen auf die Extraktion wird besprochen. Die IR-Spektren der gebildeten Komplexe werden diskutiert.

     

Dynamics of solvent and rotational relaxation of coumarin 153 in room-temperature ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate confined in Brij-35 micelles: a picosecond time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopic study

The dynamics of solvent and rotational relaxation of Coumarin 153 (C-153) in ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim][PF6]) and in the ionic liquid confined in Brij-35 micellar aggregates have been investigated using steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. We observed slower dynamics in the presence of micellar aggregates as compared to the pure IL. However, the slowing down in the solvation time on going from neat IL to IL-confined micelles is much smaller compared to that on going from water to water-confined micellar aggregates. The increase in solvation and rotational time in micelles is attributed to the increase in viscosity of the medium. The slow component is assumed to be dependent on the viscosity of the solution and involves large-scale rearrangement of the anions and cations while fast component is assumed to originate from the initial response of the anions during excitation. The slow component increases due to the increase in the viscosity of the medium and increase in fast component is probably due to the hydrogen bonding between the anions and polar headgroup of the surfactant. The dynamics of solvent relaxation was affected to a small extent due to the micelle formation.     

Revisiting Impossible Quantum Operations Using Principles of No-Signaling and Nonincrease of Entanglement Under LOCC

In this letter, we show the impossibility of the general operation introduced by Pati (Phys. Rev. A 66:062319, 2002) using two different but consistent principles (i) no-signaling (ii) non increase of entanglement under LOCC.     

LC–MS Simultaneous Determination of Itopride Hydrochloride and Domperidone in Human Plasma

A rapid, simple, sensitive and specific liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of itopride hydrochloride and domperidone in human plasma. Both drugs were extracted by liquid–liquid extraction with ethyl acetate and saturated borax solution. The chromatographic separation was performed on a reversed-phase C18 column with a mobile phase of water–methanol (2:98, v/v) containing 0.5% formic acid. The protonated analyte was quantitated in positive ionization by multiple reaction monitoring with a mass spectrometer. The assay exhibited linearity over the concentration range of 3.33–500 ng mL⁻¹ for itopride hydrochloride and 3.33–100 ng mL⁻¹ for domperidone in human plasma. The precursor to product ion transitions of m/z 359.1–72.3 and 426.0–147.2 were used to measure itopride hydrochloride and domperidone respectively. The method was found suitable for the analysis of plasma samples collected during phase 1 pharmacokinetics study of itopride HCl 50 mg and domperidone 20 mg in 12 healthy volunteers after single oral doses of the combination drug.

     

A theoretical study on the B3 phases of ZnSe: Structural and electronic properties

We analysed the process of \(B_{c}^{+}{\to } D_{s}^{+}\overline {K}^{0^{\ast } }\) using QCD factorization (QCDF) and final-state interaction (FSI) effects. First, the \(B_{c}^{+}{\to } D_{s}^{+}\overline {K}^{0^{\ast } }\) decay is calculated using QCDF method. The value found by using the QCDF method is less than the experimental value. Then we considered FSI effect as a sizable correction where the intermediate state \(D^{+^{\ast } }\pi ^{0}\) mesons via the exchange of \(K^{0}(K^{0^{\ast } })\) are produced. To consider the amplitudes of this intermediate state, the QCDF approach was used. The experimental branching ratio of \(B_{c}^{+}{\to } D_{s}^{+}\overline {K}^{0^{\ast } }\) decay is less than 0.4×10^?6 and our results are (0.21±0.04)×10^?7 and (0.37±0.05)×10^?6 from QCDF and FSI, respectively.