动物粪便近红外光谱的应用潜力

近红外光谱技术(NIRS)以其低成本、高效、环保、无损的优势在日粮和畜产品品质分析中得到广泛应用。饲料品质参数(如粗蛋白)的获取对于日粮营养的合理搭配不可或缺,传统的近红外光谱技术将日粮的近红外光谱与日粮品质参数的化学测定值进行回归,建立预测模型对日粮品质参数进行检测。然而,在放牧条件下日粮近红外光谱的难以获取限制了这一传统建模方法在动物营养中的应用。作为动物代谢性产物,动物粪便不仅包含有日粮信息也携带有动物自身信息。近年来,基于动物粪便近红外光谱和日粮信息(日粮植物学成分、化学成分及其消化率)建立的回归模型,也已被用于动物日粮信息的检测。简要介绍F.NIRS在动物性别、品种鉴定及繁殖和寄生虫感染状态检测中的应用。NIRS在动物粪肥分析中的应用结果表明NIRS能够对粪肥中主要成分含量进行快速分析。尽管F.NIRS预测准确性有待提高,但已显示出其作为快速、有效的分析工具用于检测日粮品质参数及动物生理状态的潜力。相关的英文评述性文章业已出版,但在中国F.NIRS的研究和应用非常欠缺。期望本文的呈现有助于F.NIRS在国内的发展。推荐将NIRS作为快速分析工具用于对粪肥主要成分(DM,OM,TS,VS,TN,TKN和NH₃-N)含量进行检测。     

钨酸锌微纳米材料的水热合成及发光性能研究

以Zn(NO3)2·6H2O和Na2WO4·2H2O为原料,草酸为沉淀剂,采用水热法在180℃反应4h制备了ZnWO4粉体,并考察了前驱体溶液pH值对ZnWO4发光性能的影响.通过X射线衍射(XRD),场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和荧光光谱(PL)等测试手段对样品的物相、微观形貌和发光性能进行表征.结果表明:pH值为7～9时适宜合成ZnWO4粉体,pH =7、8时,得到的是星状结构ZnWO4粉体;pH =9时分别得到的是由长度为500 nm,直径为100 nm的纳米棒交叉组装而成的镂空结构ZnWO4粉体.相比之下,由纳米棒交叉组装而成的镂空片的发光性能最佳.     

阿莫西林的荷移光谱测定方法研究

在丙酮介质中阿莫西林与 7,7,8,8-四氰基对二次甲基苯醌 (TCNQ)荷移反应 ,形成 1∶ 1络合物 ,在74 4nm和 84 5 nm处有较强光吸收 ,表观摩尔吸光系数分别为 1.2× 10 4L· mol-1· cm-1和 1.8× 10 4L·mol-1· cm-1,阿莫西林的浓度在 10— 15 0 mg· L-1范围内符合比耳定律。在乙醇介质中 ,阿莫西林与对苯醌 (p- BQ)反应 ,形成 1∶ 1络合物 ,最大吸收波长为 4 80 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为 1.92× 10 3 L· mol-1·cm-1。阿莫西林的浓度在 2 0— 2 0 0 mg·L-1范围内符合比耳定律。两种方法相对标准偏差分别为 1.2 %和1.5 % (n=8) ,用于测定阿莫西林制剂的含量 ,结果与标准方法一致。     

食品接触材料检测技术新进展

由食品接触材料中高关注物质迁移而导致的食品安全问题已成为当今社会的重点关注领域.这些有意添加物和非有意添加物具有种类复杂、无标准谱图和标准品等特点,使其识别鉴定、定量检测与安全评估面临着众多技术挑战.发展快速、准确、灵敏的食品接触材料检测技术,实现高关注迁移物的准确定量检测是食品接触材料安全研究和管理的关键.该文简要介...     

激光法测定硝唑尼特结晶介稳区间

用激光法测定了不同温度下硝唑尼特在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）、二甲基亚砜（DMSO）、甲醇和丙酮4种溶剂体系中的溶解度与超溶解度,得到硝唑尼特在不同溶剂和不同温度下的介稳区宽度。 结果表明,硝唑尼特在4种溶剂体系中的溶解度、超溶解度和介稳区宽度随温度升高逐渐增大。 在相同温度下,硝唑尼特在DMF、DMSO、甲醇和丙酮中介稳区宽度关系为：丙酮＜DMSO＜甲醇＜DMF。     

Recursions in Calogero-Sutherland Model Based on Virasoro Singular Vectors

The present work is much motivated by finding an explicit way in the construction of the Jack symmetric function, which is the spectrum generating function for the Calogero-Sutherland (CS) model. To accomplish this work, the hidden Virasoro structure in the CS model is much explored. In particular, we found that the Virasoro singular vectors form a skew hierarchy in the CS model. Literally, skew is analogous to coset, but here specifically refer to the operation on the Young tableaux. In fact, based on the construction of the Virasoro singular vectors, this hierarchical structure can be used to give a complete construction of the CS states, i.e. the Jack symmetric functions, recursively. The construction is given both in operator formalism as well as in integral representation. This new integral representation for the Jack symmetric functions may shed some insights on the spectrum constructions for the other integrable systems.     

(2S,4S)-苯甲基-2-(6-氟-1H-吲哚-3-羰基)-4-羟基-吡咯烷-1-羧酸酯的合成

以4-羟基-L-脯氨酸为原料,经Cbz保护、偶联、Mitsunobu反应和水解合成了抗肿瘤新药Birinapant的重要中间体--(2S,4S)-苯甲基-2-(6-氟-1H-吲哚-3-羰基)-4-羟基吡咯烷-1-羧酸酯,总收率83%,其结构经¹H NMR和ESI-MS确证。     

Synthesis and Characterization of Two Pb(II) Complexes of 2,2′-dihydroxy,Dimethoxy-1,1′-binaphthyl-3,3′-dicarboxylic Acid

Two new complexes {[Pb(L¹)(DMSO)₂(H₂O)]·DMF}_n (1, L¹ = 2,2′-dihydroxy-l,l′-dinaphthyl-3,3′-dicarboxylate) and {[Pb(L²)(DMS O)·DMSO}_n (2, L² = 2,2′-dimethoxy-l,l′-dinaphthyl-3,3′-dicarboxylate) have been synthesized under mild conditions and structurally characterized. Crystal structural analysis reveals that complex 1 adopts a 1D infinite chain structure which forms 2D sheet by hydrogen bonds interactions. Complex 2 possesses a 2D sheet structure, which was further assembled into a 3D supramolecular network through the π-π weak interactions. IR spectra indicates the carboxyl group coordinates with the Pb²⁺ ion. TGA shows that complex 2 is highly thermally stable up to 120°C.     

N_2-H_2容性耦合等离子体电非对称效应的particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo模拟

H_2-N_2混合气体电容性耦合射频放电在有机低介电系数材料刻蚀中具潜在研究意义.采用paxticle-incell/Monte Carlo模型模拟了双频(13.56 MHz/27.12 MHz)电压源分别接在结构对称的两个电极上的H_2-N_2容性耦合等离子体特征,研究了其电非对称效应.模拟结果表明,通过调节两谐波间的相位角θ,可以改变其电场、等离子体密度、离子流密度的轴向分布及离子轰击电极的能量分布.当相位角θ为0°时,低频电极(晶片)附近主要离子(H_3~+)的密度最小,离子(H_3~+,H_2~+,H~+)轰击低频电极的流密度及平均能量最高;当θ从0°变化90°时,低频电极的自偏压从-103V到106V近似线性增加,轰击电极的离子流密度变化约±18%,H~+离子轰击低频电极的最大能量约减小2.5倍,轰击电极的平均能量约变化2倍,表明氢离子能量和离子流几乎能独立控制.     

Platinum(II)-bis(aryleneethynylene) complexes for solution-processible molecular bulk heterojunction solar cells

Four new solution-processible small-molecular platinum(II)-bis(aryleneethynylene) complexes consisting of benzothiadiazole as the electron acceptor and triphenylamine and/or thiophene as the electron donor were conveniently synthesized and characterized by physicochemical and computational methods, and utilized as the electron-donor materials in the fabrication of solution-processed bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells. The effect of different electron-donor groups in these small molecules on the optoelectronic and photovoltaic properties was also examined. The optical and time-dependent density functional theory studies showed that the incorporation of stronger electron-donor groups significantly enhanced the solar-absorption abilities of the complexes. These molecular complexes can serve as good electron donors for fabricating BHJ devices by blending them with the [6,6]-phenyl-C(71)-butyric acid methyl ester (PC(70)BM) as the electron acceptor. The best power conversion efficiency of 2.37% was achieved with the open-circuit voltage of 0.83 V, short-circuit current density of 7.10 mA cm(-2) and fill factor of 0.40 under illumination of an AM 1.5 solar-cell simulator. The spin-coated thin films showed p-channel field-effect charge transport with hole mobilities of up to 2.4×10(-4) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) for these molecules. The present work illuminates the potential of well-defined organometallic complexes in developing light-harvesting small molecules for efficient power generation in organic photovoltaics implementation.